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Derivative of salicylic acidNonsteroidal antiAcetic acidBarkHydrolysisSynthesisPowderPhosphoric acidAnalgesicInhibits1899SalicylateOrallyAntithromboticReactReaction1993IbuprofenBayerSodiumMelting temperatureProstaglandinYieldsCompoundsFeverSaferTabletsPregnancyMedicationsSubstancePainFormConditionsSpecificSolutionEffectsTreatWordRiskImportantEvidenceReduceAnalysisStructureWaterSkinNormal
Derivative of salicylic acid1
  • Aspirin, an acetyl derivative of salicylic acid, is a white, crystalline, weakly acidic substance, which melts at 136 °C (277 °F), and decomposes around 140 °C (284 °F). Its acid dissociation constant (pKa) is 3.5 at 25 °C (77 °F). Polymorphism, or the ability of a substance to form more than one crystal structure, is important in the development of pharmaceutical ingredients. (wikipedia.org)
Nonsteroidal anti2
  • Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to reduce pain, fever, and/or inflammation, and as an antithrombotic. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ( NSAID ). (healthline.com)
Acetic acid5
Bark2
  • A precursor to aspirin found in the bark of the willow tree (genus Salix) has been used for its health effects for at least 2,400 years. (wikipedia.org)
  • One of the compounds used in the synthesis of aspirin is salicylic acid, which is itself a pain reliever that was known to many ancient cultures, including the Native Americans who extracted it from willow tree bark. (vernier.com)
Hydrolysis2
Synthesis4
  • The synthesis of aspirin is classified as an esterification reaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The search for a milder form of this pain reliever led to the successful synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid by the German chemist Felix Hoffmann in 1893. (vernier.com)
  • You will conduct two tests of your synthesis to verify that you did indeed make aspirin, and to determine its relative purity. (vernier.com)
  • Further investigations by Smith concluded that aspirin and indomethacin inhibited synthesis by specifically blocking oxygenation of arachidonic acid. (medscape.com)
Powder2
  • Like flour mills, factories producing aspirin tablets must control the amount of the powder that becomes airborne inside the building, because the powder-air mixture can be explosive. (wikipedia.org)
  • Combine the aspirin powder with 1 tablespoon of warm water to create a paste. (healthline.com)
Phosphoric acid2
  • Small amounts of sulfuric acid (and occasionally phosphoric acid) are almost always used as a catalyst. (wikipedia.org)
  • in this experiment, you will react acetic anhydride with salicylic acid in the presence of phosphoric acid (which acts as a catalyst). (vernier.com)
Analgesic1
  • Aspirin is an analgesic and antipyretic agent used in the treatment of fever and pain as in arthritis. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Inhibits2
  • Acetylsalicylic acid, aspirin, is an antiplatelet drug that inhibits platelet aggregation. (frontiersin.org)
  • The main biochemical mechanism by which aspirin inhibits thrombotic damage is through irreversible inactivation of cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) enzyme. (frontiersin.org)
18992
Salicylate2
  • In 1853, chemist Charles Frédéric Gerhardt treated the medicine sodium salicylate with acetyl chloride to produce acetylsalicylic acid for the first time. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1897, scientists at the Bayer company began studying acetylsalicylic acid as a less-irritating replacement medication for common salicylate medicines. (wikipedia.org)
Orally1
  • The AAD recommends taking aspirin orally to reduce skin swelling related to conditions like sunburn . (healthline.com)
Antithrombotic1
  • In this sense, the antithrombotic properties of aspirin make it a plausible drug for thrombotic disease prevention, the efficacy of which requires to be validated in COVID-19 patients. (frontiersin.org)
React1
Reaction3
  • Salicylic acid is treated with acetic anhydride, an acid derivative, causing a chemical reaction that turns salicylic acid's hydroxyl group into an ester group (R-OH → R-OCOCH3). (wikipedia.org)
  • Aspirin is only slightly soluble in water so if you add it to the reaction mixture the product would rather clump together than be in the water phase. (richardvigilantebooks.com)
  • Their distinct biosynthetic activity includes an endoperoxidase synthase reaction that oxygenates and cyclizes polyunsaturated fatty acid precursors (eg, arachidonic acid) to form prostaglandin G 2 (PGG2), and a peroxidase reaction that converts PGG2 to prostaglandin H 2 (PGH2), as shown below. (medscape.com)
19931
  • In 1989, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) set a legal permissible exposure limit for aspirin of 5 mg/m3, but this was vacated by the AFL-CIO v. OSHA decision in 1993. (wikipedia.org)
Ibuprofen1
  • As such, don't use aspirin if you're allergic to other NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and naproxen . (healthline.com)
Bayer1
  • The name is ultimately a blend of the prefix a(cetyl) + spir Spiraea, the meadowsweet plant genus from which the acetylsalicylic acid was originally derived at Bayer + -in, the common chemical suffix. (wikipedia.org)
Sodium1
  • Aspirin is more soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, chloroform, sodium hydroxide solution, and sodium carbonate solution than in water. (richardvigilantebooks.com)
Melting temperature1
Prostaglandin4
  • Therefore, COX - also known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), fatty acid COX, prostaglandin H (PGH) synthase, and EC 1.14.99.1 - is implicated in the production of fever, inflammation, and pain. (medscape.com)
  • He localized the biologic activity to a fraction of lipid soluble acids that he termed "prostaglandin," hypothesizing that these substances originate in the prostate gland. (medscape.com)
  • However, the physiologic significance of prostaglandin production did not unfold until 1971, when Vane, Smith, and Willis discovered that aspirin and indomethacin inhibited prostaglandin biosynthesis. (medscape.com)
  • Cyclooxygenase conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandin H2 (PGH2). (medscape.com)
Yields1
  • The transcription of COX-1 yields a 2.7-kilobase (kb) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) that encodes a 576-residue, 65-kd protein. (medscape.com)
Compounds1
  • Two decades later, the prostaglandins were deduced to be a family of related compounds that contain 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids with a cyclopentane ring, as depicted below. (medscape.com)
Fever2
  • Specific inflammatory conditions which aspirin is used to treat include Kawasaki disease, pericarditis, and rheumatic fever. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aspirin is used to reduce fever and relieve mild to moderate pain from conditions such as muscle aches, toothaches, common cold, and headaches. (richardvigilantebooks.com)
Safer1
  • Ibuprofen's discovery was the result of research during the 1950s and 1960s to find a safer alternative to aspirin, with a patent application filed in 1961. (creativeminorityreport.com)
Tablets1
Pregnancy2
  • Aspirin is not recommended in the last part of pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
  • As a precaution, avoid using any form of aspirin during pregnancy and breastfeeding , unless your doctor tells you to for certain medical conditions . (healthline.com)
Medications1
  • On the adult questionnaire, aspirin was moved to the non-prescription medications sections unless the strength or brand name reported was only available by prescription (e.g. (cdc.gov)
Substance1
  • It also contains a substance called acetylsalicylic acid. (healthline.com)
Pain2
  • You might primarily know of aspirin as a pain reliever. (healthline.com)
  • Aspirin, the ubiquitous pain reliever, goes by the chemical name acetylsalicylic acid. (vernier.com)
Form1
Conditions1
  • It's important to talk to your doctor or dermatologist before applying aspirin on your acne - especially if you're using other types of topicals or if you have any underlying health conditions. (healthline.com)
Specific1
  • However, they do not have any specific recommendations for aspirin in the treatment of acne. (healthline.com)
Solution1
  • Second, you will use a Colorimeter or Spectrometer to test the absorbance of your aspirin after it has been "prepped" with an iron solution to give it color. (vernier.com)
Effects4
Treat3
Word1
Risk2
  • Aspirin is also used long-term to help prevent further heart attacks, ischaemic strokes, and blood clots in people at high risk. (wikipedia.org)
  • Can aspirin reduce your risk of getting skin cancer? (healthline.com)
Important2
  • It's important to remember that using aspirin too much can dry out your skin . (healthline.com)
  • Furthermore, using sequence analysis of human genomic DNA, researchers concluded that the amino acids important for catalysis by COX-1 are conserved and are equally important for catalysis by COX-2. (medscape.com)
Evidence2
  • There's currently no evidence of anti-inflammatory benefits from using topical aspirin for acne. (healthline.com)
  • The truth is, there's no evidence that topically applied aspirin will help acne. (healthline.com)
Reduce1
  • It concluded that topical aspirin helped reduce some symptoms, but not the accompanying itch. (healthline.com)
Analysis2
  • Conduct a colorimetric analysis of your aspirin sample. (vernier.com)
  • Funk and co-investigators localized COX-1 to 9q32-q33.3 via somatic hybrid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis. (medscape.com)
Structure2
  • What is the structure for acetylsalicylic acid? (richardvigilantebooks.com)
  • By 1964, after recognition of this basic structure, Bergstrom and colleagues successfully synthesized series 2 prostaglandins from arachidonic acid using sheep seminal fluid. (medscape.com)
Water3
Skin1
  • Salicin was modified to become salicylic acid, which was effective against skin diseases but which could not be taken internally. (dhushara.com)
Normal1
  • Aspirin works similarly to other NSAIDs but also suppresses the normal functioning of platelets. (wikipedia.org)