• However, this term is usually employed in a narrower sense only to those bacteria and archaea that perform anaerobic respiration and carbon fixation simultaneously through the reductive acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) pathway (also known as the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway). (wikipedia.org)
  • Although previously thought that only bacteria are acetogens, some archaea can be considered to be acetogens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Together with methane-forming archaea, acetogens constitute the last limbs in the anaerobic food web that leads to the production of methane from polymers in the absence of oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
  • CO-utilizing microorganisms include aerobic bacteria, phototrophic purple nonsulfur bacteria, acetogens, methanogens, and hydrogenogenic bacteria and archaea, as well as sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (SRP) [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Of the five other autotrophic pathways, two are known only in bacteria (the reductive citric acid cycle and the 3-hydroxypropionate cycle), two only in archaea (two variants of the 3-hydroxypropionate cycle), and one in both bacteria and archaea (the reductive acetyl CoA pathway). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Carbon dioxide reduction is carried out by the key enzyme acetyl-CoA synthase. (wikipedia.org)
  • The CdhAB-2 combines with acetyl-CoA synthase (ACS) [ 10 ] and operates in the acetyl-CoA pathway for complete oxidation of lactate to CO 2 [ 12 , 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In the absence of electron acceptor, downregulation of F 420 H 2 dependent steps of the acetyl-CoA pathway is linked to transient formate generation. (hindawi.com)
  • Fqo can be hypothesized to be operative during sulfate reduction with CO. The Fqo complex receives electrons from the reduced coenzyme F 420 (F 420 H 2 ), generated from the oxidative acetyl-CoA pathway, and transfers electrons to the membrane-bound respiratory chain by the reduction of menaquinone [ 16 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • These genuine acetogens are also known as "homoacetogens" and they can produce acetyl-CoA (and from that, in most cases, acetate as the end product) from two molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) and four molecules of molecular hydrogen (H2). (wikipedia.org)
  • Hydrogen gas inhibits biodegradation and acetogens use up these hydrogen gases in the anaerobic environment to favor the biodegradative capacity of the host by reacting hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide to make acetate. (wikipedia.org)
  • The long-chain fatty acids produced are further degraded by p-oxidation to produce acetyl CoA. (fao.org)
  • Acetogens are found in a variety of habitats, generally those that are anaerobic (lack oxygen). (wikipedia.org)
  • However, this term is usually employed in a narrower sense only to those bacteria and archaea that perform anaerobic respiration and carbon fixation simultaneously through the reductive acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) pathway (also known as the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway). (wikipedia.org)
  • This study reports the production of acetone from CO 2 and H 2 , CO, or syngas by introducing the acetone production pathway using acetyl-coenzyme A (Ac-CoA) and acetate produced via the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway in Moorella thermoacetica . (springeropen.com)