Supplementation of BEO did not affect VFA concentration, but decreased ( P =0.01) the molar proportion of acetate and reduced ( P =0.02) the acetate to propionate concentration ratio and CH 4 production (mL g -1 digested organic matter). (bioone.org)
Cellulose-acetate-propionate is a useful thermoplastic. (wikipedia.org)
Rumen2
Combination of monensin and virginiamycin altered the rumen microbial populations but did not decrease enteric CH 4 emissions. (scielo.br)
When fed ionophores, the bacteria population in the rumen shifts from a gram positive bacteria (which produces acetate) to a more gram negative population (increased proprionate). (siouxnationag.com)
Phorbol 12-Myri2
Finally, the cells were harvested and stimulated for 5 hr with Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate (Sigma, Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
Functional analyses revealed that splenic NKp46 high NK cells produced much higher levels of Interferon-γ and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α upon stimulation with cytokines or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate/Ionomycin compared to the other two subsets. (biomedcentral.com)
Ionophores form lipid soluble, reversible complexes with cations and facilitate ion transport across membranes, as well as a monensin-electroneutral exchange of sodium and protons. (siouxnationag.com)
The effect of season and monensin sodium on the digestive characteristics of autumn and spring pasture fed to sheep. (ncats.io)
Methane2
Intake, apparent digestibility, and methane emission in bulls receiving a feed supplement of monensin, virginiamycin, or a combination. (scielo.br)
The remainder consisted of 80%, 76%, 72% and 68% barley grain for the four respective diets, 15% corn dried distillers grains plus solubles and 5% supplement (monensin at 28 mg/kg of diet dry matter). (feedstuffs.com)
Fermentation1
Our objective was to evaluate in vitro effects of a commercial blend of essential oils (BEO) versus monensin (MON) on fermentation of a high-grain diet containing wheat distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS). (bioone.org)
Cattle2
The objectives were to evaluate the effects of monensin and virginiamycin, alone or combined, on supplemented Nellore cattle grazing tropical grass during the rainy season. (scielo.br)
Feeding undiluted or mixing errors resulting in high concentrations of Monensin has been fatal in cattle and could be fatal in goats. (feedsforless.com)
Microbial1
Microbial community dynamics and stability during an ammonia-induced shift to syntrophic acetate oxidation. (wernerlab.org)
Production1
Gram negative bacteria is the goal as proprionate is more efficient than acetate in increasing growth or milk production. (siouxnationag.com)
Melengestrol acetate15
Roberts, Jonathan Lance, "The additive effect of melengestrol acetate (MGA) priming and sodium monensin on reproductive performance in beef heifers" (2009). (lsu.edu)
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) is explaining how the approved animal drugs melengestrol acetate, monensin and tylosin can be combined in animal feed. (feedstrategy.com)
Melengestrol acetate-monensin-tylosin and melengestrol acetate-monensin combinations are fed to heifers in confinement for slaughter for several approved indications, as listed in the Code of Federal Regulations. (feedstrategy.com)
In October 2011, CVM changed the regulations to reflect new supplemental approvals for melengestrol acetate in combination with monensin and tylosin. (feedstrategy.com)
The previous approvals had allowed melengestrol acetate to be combined with monensin and tylosin, and with monensin alone, in the same top dress, called a "common" top dress. (feedstrategy.com)
Accordingly, melengestrol acetate can only be mixed as a top dress into complete feed containing 10 to 40 grams per ton of monensin and 8 to 10 grams per ton of tylosin at feeding. (feedstrategy.com)
The supplemental approvals for melengestrol acetate changed the way medicated feed containing melengestrol acetate can be manufactured. (feedstrategy.com)
One way was to combine melengestrol acetate with one or two other approved animal drugs in a common top dress. (feedstrategy.com)
Another way was to make a top dress containing only melengestrol acetate. (feedstrategy.com)
This is the case for melengestrol acetate when used in a Type C medicated feed. (feedstrategy.com)
In October 2009, CVM granted a supplemental approval to Pfizer (now Zoetis), expanding the concentration range for monensin to up to 40 grams per ton in the melengestrol acetate-monensin-tylosin combination. (feedstrategy.com)
and (2) both monensin and tylosin are not approved as a top dress with melengestrol acetate but are approved in a Type C medicated feed as a complete feed. (feedstrategy.com)
It follows that, because monensin and tylosin are not approved as a top dress with melengestrol acetate, feed companies and feed mills may not manufacture a common top dress containing all three drugs. (feedstrategy.com)
Instead, melengestrol acetate can only be given as a top dress that is added to medicated feed containing monensin and tylosin. (feedstrategy.com)
Adding the melengestrol acetate top dress to the medicated feed can only be done "at feeding" on the farm or feedlot. (feedstrategy.com)
Sodium monensin1
Effects of zinc and sodium monensin on ruminal degradation of lysine-H" by H. G. Bateman, C. C. Williams et al. (lsu.edu)
Nutrient digestibility2
Although dietary NEOH or monensin addition did not affect nutrient digestibility in the whole digestion tract, they presented a distinct action mode of regulating ruminal volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and methane production. (mdpi.com)
The effects of increasing garlic powder and monensin supplementation on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, growth performance and blood parameters of growing calves. (fooding.com)
Ionophore2
Among divalent cations, the ionophore monensin shows high activity and selectivity for the transport of lead ions (Pb 2+ ) across phospholipid membranes. (nih.gov)
A role for sodium is supported by the observation that the sodium proton exchanger monensin and the sodium-conducting ionophore gramicidin mimic palytoxin action by causing a decrease in both high and low affinity EGF binding. (nih.gov)
Ionomycin1
METHODS: With a three-colour fluorescent labelling technique, specific cytokine production by NK or T cells was visualised directly in whole blood in the same sample after stimulation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin and by electronically gating on the CD3-ve/CD56+ve NK population or on the CD3+/CD56+ NK-T-cell population. (ox.ac.uk)
Degradation2
Four nonlactating, mature, Holstein cows were fitted with ruminal cannula and used in a 4 x 4 Latin square-designed experiment to evaluate the impact of supplemental Zn and monensin on ruminal degradation of Lys and liquid 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid (HMB). (lsu.edu)
According to an ELISA-based assay, TacDAT intracellular accumulation was increased by the lysosomal protease inhibitor leupeptin and by monensin, an inhibitor of lysosomal degradation and recycling. (kipdf.com)
Ruminal3
Neither Zn nor monensin affected the apparent rate of ruminal disappearance of HMB or Lys. (lsu.edu)
However, Zn and monensin interacted to alter the ruminal degradability of free Lys but not HMB. (lsu.edu)
These data indicate that Zn and monensin may interact to alter ruminal degradability of free amino acids. (lsu.edu)
Heifers1
This change was consistent with the approved dose range for monensin when the drug is fed alone to heifers. (feedstrategy.com)
Dose1
On the other hand, many centres suggest balanced electrolyte solutions like Ringer-acetate to prevent the high dose administration of lactate. (pdesignal.com)
Consistent1
Monensin also reduced TacDAT surface expression consistent with partial recycling. (kipdf.com)
Treatment2
When coadministered to rats that were receiving meso -dimercaptosuccinate for treatment of Pb intoxication, monensin significantly increased the amount of Pb removed from femur, brain, and heart. (nih.gov)
The actions of monensin on Pb dynamics in rats suggest the possibility of using ionophores in the treatment of human Pb intoxication. (nih.gov)
Shown1
Previous studies have shown that palytoxin, a non-(12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate)-type tumor promoter, is able to down-modulate the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor through a sodium-dependent pathway in Swiss 3T3 cells. (nih.gov)
Activity1
16. Inhibition of the melanoma cell cycle and regulation at the G1/S transition by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) by modulation of CDK2 activity. (nih.gov)
Administration1
In the latter area it was found that simultaneous administration of monensin in feed and Pb 2+ in drinking water lowers the prevailing concentration of Pb in blood and decreases the accumulation of Pb in several soft tissues and in bone. (nih.gov)