Clb1-6 all target and activate the single yeast cyclin-dependent kinase, Cdk1. (wikipedia.org)
Upon commitment to cell division, G1/S cyclin levels rise, bind Cdk1, and immediately form active complexes. (wikipedia.org)
G1/S cyclin-Cdk complexes promote the destruction of Sic1 and allow activation of Clb5- and Clb6-Cdk1 complexes. (wikipedia.org)
Cdk1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 1), also known as p34Cdc2 (cell division control protein kinase 2) depends on cyclin A and B and is triggered by a positive feedback loop at the end of G2 phase, which is the key event that initiates mitotic entry. (arigobio.cn)
CDK1/CDC2-cyclin-B controls pronuclear union in interphase fertilized eggs. (arigobio.cn)
During G2 and early mitosis, CDC25A/B/C-mediated dephosphorylation activates CDK1/cyclin complexes which phosphorylate several substrates that trigger at least centrosome separation, Golgi dynamics, nuclear envelope breakdown and chromosome condensation. (arigobio.cn)
In proliferating cells, CDK1-mediated FOXO1 phosphorylation at the G2-M phase represses FOXO1 interaction with 14-3-3 proteins and thereby promotes FOXO1 nuclear accumulation and transcription factor activity, leading to cell death of postmitotic neurons. (arigobio.cn)
Some studies have reported that the G2 M arrest induced by SP600125 may be due to inhibition of cyclin B Cdk1 kinase activity through an increase in p21 levels. (hsp90-inhibitors.com)
Thus, inhibition of JNK activity prevents dissociation between p21 and JNK, and then prevents inhibition of cyclin B Cdk1 activity, leading to induction of G2 M arrest. (hsp90-inhibitors.com)
Mitosis5
The model pertains to the situation encountered in early amphibian embryos, where the accumulation of cyclin suffices to trigger the onset of mitosis. (physiomeproject.org)
An aurora kinase that localizes to the CENTROSOME during MITOSIS and is involved in centrosome regulation and formation of the MITOTIC SPINDLE. (lookformedical.com)
Recently, certain cancer chemotherapy agents have been found to exert their anticancer activities by disrupting the dynamics of microtubule assembly, thus perturbing the formation and function of the mitotic spindle apparatus and arresting cells in mitosis. (hsp90-inhibitors.com)
Protein7
Centromere-associated protein-E (CENP-E) is an essential mitotic kinesin that is required for efficient, stable microtubule capture at kinetochores. (rupress.org)
Mitotic cyclins stably associate with this protein and function as regulatory subunits. (fcgportal.org)
The kinase activity of this protein is controlled by cyclin accumulation and destruction through the cell cycle. (fcgportal.org)
Numerical simulations reproduce the main features of wild-type mitotic cycles: patterns of protein accumulation and degradation, lengthening of later cycles, and arrest in interphase 14. (vt.edu)
Cyclin A degradation by primate cytomegalovirus protein pUL21a counters its innate restriction of virus replication. (virosin.org)
Mammalian aurora-A belongs to a multigenic family of mitotic serine/threonine kinases comprising two other members: aurora-B and aurora-C. In this review we will focus on aurora-A that starts to localize to centrosomes only in S phase as soon as centrioles have been duplicated, the protein is then degraded in early G1. (lookformedical.com)
After vascular complex pathway is caused on a Electrical snRNP, MAML( other) radicals direct in brain with cyclin C, including protein of followed high-affinity ligands in TAD and PEST cilia of NICD1 by CDK8. (evakoch.com)
Checkpoint5
It also directly binds to BubR1, a kinetochore-associated kinase implicated in the mitotic checkpoint, the major cell cycle control pathway in which unattached kinetochores prevent anaphase onset. (rupress.org)
Thus, CENP-E is required for enhancing recruitment of its binding partner BubR1 to each unattached kinetochore and for stimulating BubR1 kinase activity, implicating it as an essential amplifier of a basal mitotic checkpoint signal. (rupress.org)
Also, the expression of Cyclin D should be decreased at the G2/M checkpoint (Figure 4). (ptgcn.com)
The G 2 checkpoint bars entry into the mitotic phase if certain conditions are not met. (openstax.org)
The G2 M checkpoint is especially important in protecting normal cells from tumor formation driven by the accumulation of mutations. (hsp90-inhibitors.com)
Inhibition4
RESULTS: We observed, firstly, that LC3II expression increased in U87 cells incubated with RDS 3337, together with a significant increase of p62/SQSTM1 levels, indicating that RDS 3337 could act through the inhibition of autophagic-lysosomal flux of LC3-II, thereby leading to accumulation of lipidated LC3-II form. (bvsalud.org)
2003. Human cytomegalovirus infection leads to accumulation of geminin and inhibition of the licensing of cellular DNA replication. (virosin.org)
Significance: These findings suggest that apigenin can prevent 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation by the inhibition of the mitotic clonal expansion and the adipogenesis related factors and upregulation of the expression of multiple C/EBPβ inhibitors. (kist.re.kr)
In addition, compared to the mono-treatment, combination of Polo-like kinase 1 inhibition with anti-mitotic or DNA damaging agents boosts more severe mitotic defects, effectually triggers apoptosis and strongly inhibits proliferation of cancer cells with functional p53. (oncotarget.com)
Dependent kinase6
Start is triggered by the cyclin- dependent kinase Cdc28 and three rate-limiting activators, the G1 cyclins Cln1, Cln2 and Cln3 (ref. 3). (uky.edu)
Several hallmarks of cellular senescence, such as cell cycle arrest, expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, DNA damages, and senescence-associated secretory profile were evaluated. (aging-us.com)
SnCs exhibit irreversible growth arrest accompanied by increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKi) such as p16 INK4a , and p21 Cip1 , accumulation of DNA damages, and secretion of diverse bioactive molecules known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). (aging-us.com)
However, proliferation of cardiomyocytes induced by nuclear-targeted cyclin D1 (D1NLS) stops after one or two rounds of cell cycles due in part to accumulation of p27Kip1, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK). (elsevierpure.com)
In recent years, cell cycle regulators have been shown to exhibit roles in both tumor suppression and tumor promotion, particularly cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI) p27 kip1 and p21 cip1 14 . (biorxiv.org)
Kinases3
Progression through the cell cycle is driven by the oscillating activity of Cyclin Dependent Kinases (CDKs). (intechopen.com)
Cell cycle progression is governed by a complex network of cyclin-dependent kinases that define not only the phase of the cell cycle, but also the timing of transitions between phases 13 . (biorxiv.org)
CDC26
In the first cycle of the bicyclic cascade model, cyclin promotes the activation of cdc2 kinase through reversible dephosphorylation, and in the second cycle, cdc2 kinase activates a cyclin protease by reversible phosphorylation. (physiomeproject.org)
That cyclin activates cdc2 kinase while the kinase triggers the degradation of cyclin has suggested that oscillations may originate from such a negative feedback loop [Felix, M. A., Labbe, J. C., Doree, M., Hunt, T. and Karsenti, E. (1990) Nature (London) 346, 379-382]. (physiomeproject.org)
This conjecture is corroborated by the model, which indicates that sustained oscillations of the limit cycle type can arise in the cascade, provided that a threshold exists in the activation of cdc2 kinase by cyclin and in the activation of cyclin proteolysis by cdc2 kinase. (physiomeproject.org)
The analysis shows how miototic oscillations may readily arise from time lags associated with these thresholds and from the delayed negative feedback provided by cdc2-induced cyclin degradation. (physiomeproject.org)
A minimal cascade model for the mitotic oscillator involving cyclin and cdc2 kinase, Albert Goldbeter, 1991, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 88, 9107-9111. (physiomeproject.org)
Minimal cascade model for the mitotic oscillations between cyclin and cdc2 kinase (M) during the cell cycle. (physiomeproject.org)
Oscillations2
During these mitotic cycles, there are barely detectable oscillations in the total level of B-type cyclins. (vt.edu)
Bifurcation analysis of the differential equations reveals the dependence of mitotic oscillations on cycle number, and how this dependence is altered by mutations. (vt.edu)
Cell cycle progression is faster in cells in which invadopodia are abolished (by Tks5 knockdown), evidenced by earlier induction of cyclins A and B. A close look at the regulators of G1 revealed that the overexpression of p27 kip1 , but not p21 cip1 , causes faster turnover of invadopodia and increased ECM degradation. (biorxiv.org)
Cln12
In contrast to the other B-type cyclins, that negatively regulate SCB-binding factor (SBF) and MCB-binding factor (MBF), Clb5 and Clb6 can activate the G1/S transition in the absence of the G1 cyclins Cln1,2,3. (wikipedia.org)
Cyclin accumulation in G1 is driven in part by the cell-cycle-regulated transcription of CLN1 and CLN2, which peaks at Start. (uky.edu)
Proteins5
These gene regulatory proteins control G1/S genes, and their negative regulation assists in shutting off expression of G1 cyclins during S-phase. (wikipedia.org)
The activity of CDKs is controlled by their binding to coactivator subunits termed Cyclins, as well as by CDK inhibitory proteins termed CKIs. (intechopen.com)
The accumulation of both Cyclin and CKI proteins is tightly regulated at the level of transcription. (intechopen.com)
In addition, Cyclin and CKI proteins are controlled at the level of their destruction. (intechopen.com)
Recent breakthroughs have uncovered more and more DNA replication licensing machinery proteins (ORC, Cdc6, Cdt1, geminin, etc.) functioning in other cell cycle events, including centrosome replication, mitotic events, transcription and so on. (intechopen.com)
Progression2
This antagonism of microtubule-targeting drugs was accompanied by a delay in cell cycle progression and inhi- bition of the buildup of cyclin-B1 at the microtubule organizing center of treated cells. (vdocuments.net)
PIG3 knockdown led to an abnormal DNA damage response, including decreased IR-induced phosphorylation of H2AX, Chk1, Chk2 and Kap-1 as well as a prolonged G2-M arrest and aberrant mitotic progression. (ijbs.com)
Proteolysis1
It has been suggested that once cells pass Start, Cln proteolysis is triggered by the mitotic cyclins Clb1, 2, 3 and 4 (ref. 6). (uky.edu)
Arrest4
The model is consistent with mutations that introduce subtle changes in the number of mitotic cycles before interphase arrest. (vt.edu)
However, similarly to yeast and Drosophila, loss of Cdh1 induced unscheduled accumulation of mitotic cyclins in G 1 , resulting in abrogation of G 1 , arrest caused by treatment with rapamycin, an inducer of p27 Kipl . (elsevierpure.com)
However, similarly to yeast and Drosophila, loss of Cdh1 induced unscheduled accumulation of mitotic cyclins in G1, resulting in abrogation of G1, arrest caused by treatment with rapamycin, an inducer of p27Kipl. (elsevierpure.com)
6‑O‑angeloylplenolin (6‑OAP) is a sesquiterpene lactone agent that has been previously demonstrated to inhibit the growth of multiple myeloma (MM) cells through mitotic arrest with accumulated cyclin B1. (spandidos-publications.com)
Proliferation1
2012. Geminin is required for mitotic proliferation of spermatogonia. (virosin.org)
Buildup1
In double mutants for Clb5 and Clb6, the onset of S-phase (rather than the length) is significantly delayed, but will eventually occur as a side result of the buildup of other mitotic cyclins (Clb1-4). (wikipedia.org)
Cytoplasm1
2] Oncocytic cells in the thyroid are often called Hürthle cells, and oncocytic change is defined as cellular enlargement characterized by an abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm as a result of accumulation of altered mitochondria. (medscape.com)
Interphase1
promotes G2-M transition, and regulates G1 progress and G1-S transition via association with multiple interphasecyclins. (arigobio.cn)
Chromosome1
Could condensin scaffold the mitotic chromosome? (up.pt)
Regulator2
In CKD patients or obstructive mice model, we observed that Plk1, a critical mitotic regulator, was upregulated in kidneys. (nature.com)
A family of serine/threonine kinase Aurora constitutes a key regulator in the orchestration of mitotic events. (lookformedical.com)
Overexpression1
Overexpression of hcmv-miR-US5-1 could block the accumulation of GMNN during HCMV infection, and the decrease of GMNN expression caused by hcmv-miR-US5-1 or GMNN specific siRNA reduced HCMV DNA copies in U373 cells. (virosin.org)
Multiple myeloma (MM) or plasma cell myeloma is a malignant disorder characterized by the accumulation of differentiated B cells (plasma cells). (spandidos-publications.com)
Phase3
But here we show that G1 cyclins are unstable in G1 phase, and that Clb- Cdc28 activity is not needed for G1 cyclin turnover. (uky.edu)
Flow cytometry was used to analyze the mitotic cell cycle during the mitotic clonal expansion phase. (kist.re.kr)
2. High accumulation of Cyclin B1 in the nuclei can be used as a marker for studying the G2/M phase (Figure 3). (ptgcn.com)
Cycle1
Aims: Cyclins and other cell-cycle regulators have been used in several studies to regenerate cardiomyocytes in ischaemic heart failure. (elsevierpure.com)
ABSTRACT1
ABSTRACT: A minimal model for the mitotic oscillator is presented. (physiomeproject.org)
Expression1
On the other hand, etoposide treatment reliably induces DNA damage-related senescence in human articular chondrocytes evidenced by loss of proliferative capacity, DNA damage accumulation, and expression of some SASP components. (aging-us.com)
Mice1
Moreover, I3C exerts anti-obesity effects by reducing body weight and fat accumulation in epididymal adipose tissue in HFD-induced obese mice and thereby improves hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia [126]. (researchgate.net)
High1
Clb5 and Clb6 levels rise during G1 (earlier than other B-type cyclins) and stay high throughout S and M phases. (wikipedia.org)
Development1
The axonemal site of NOTCH1 and the collagen Ligand-binding WD40 cell of 40kDa are different benefits of pumps in accumulation epithelial Endoplasmic development - T-ALL( Welcker and Clurman 2008). (evakoch.com)
Effect1
Skp2 might be a versatile tool to improve the effect of cyclins on post-ischaemic regeneration of cardiomyocytes in vivo. (elsevierpure.com)
Active1
X represents the fraction of active (phosphorylated) cyclin protease. (physiomeproject.org)
Analysis1
Main methods: Cell viability of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was assessed by MTT assays, and lipid accumulation was measured by Oil Red O. Adipogenesis related factors were checked by Western blot analysis. (kist.re.kr)
Human1
Immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded human breast cancer tissue slide using 55004-1-AP (Cyclin B1 Antibody) at a dilution of 1:200 (under 10x lens). (ptgcn.com)