• By combining lipidomics and molecular dynamic simulations the authors show that oxidatively truncated (ox-tr) triacylglycerides accumulate in large lipid droplets of tumour-associated mouse DCs, and that these highly electrophilic species are predicted to preferentially occupy the droplet surface where they can directly access cytosolic proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • and the cytosolic proteins N-ethylmalemide sensitive factor (NSF), a trimeric ATPase required for membrane fusion, and the α-β-Y-SNAPs (soluble NSF attachment proteins), which function in binding NSF to the membrane [10,14] . (ommegaonline.org)
  • Exocytosis of secretory or synaptic vesicles is executed by a mechanism including the SNARE (soluble N -ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins. (jneurosci.org)
  • The essential membrane fusion apparatus in mammalian cells, the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex, consists of four alpha-helices formed by three proteins: SNAP-25, syntaxin 1, and synaptobrevin 2. (nih.gov)
  • To achieve this, the neuronal SNARE (i.e., soluble N -ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) complex brings the vesicle and presynaptic membranes in close proximity, thereby, mediating the fusion of the two membranes resulting in exocytosis of neurotransmitters. (nature.com)
  • Fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane occurs in the presence of the NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor) / α-SNAP (α-soluble NSF attachment protein) disassembly machinery. (nature.com)
  • Another fundamental question underlying the mechanism of vesicle fusion at these synapses is the role of SNARE (Soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor Attachment Protein Receptor) proteins. (tmc.edu)
  • SNARE (soluble N- ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) assembly is the central event that may drive membrane fusion. (grantome.com)
  • Proteins of the SNARE family (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) are necessary to bring the membranes of a small vesicle and a cell membrane into close contact to promote fusion. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment protein receptors (SNARE) are membrane proteins responsible for the intercellular trafficking of signals through endocytosis and exocytosis of vesicles. (scielo.org)
  • Moreover, hydrosol obtained from the branch substantially inhibited a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced overproduction of intracellular active oxygen (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Consistently, the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins of SNAP23, syntaxin4, VAMP7, and VAMP8 were remarkably decreased through hydrosol treatment. (ncsu.edu)
  • Vesicle-associated membrane proteins 721 and 722 (VAMP721/722) are secretory vesicle-localized arginine-conserved soluble N -ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (R-SNAREs) to drive exocytosis in plants. (molcells.org)
  • In this model, the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) attachment protein (SNAP) receptor (SNARE) proteins syntaxin-1, SNAP-25, and synaptobrevin form tight complexes that bring the membranes together and are crucial for membrane fusion. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 750 kDa), conserved macromolecular machines that are essential for soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE)-mediated membrane fusion in all eukaryotes.MTCs are thought to organizemembrane trafficking by mediating the initial long-range interaction between a vesicle and its target membrane and promoting the formation of membrane-bridging SNARE complexes. (princeton.edu)
  • The complex process by which tick salivary gland proteins exit the glands and enter the host has been extensively studied, in what is called the SNARE hypothesis, soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment proteins (SNAPs) and their receptor proteins (SNAREs) interact to move vesicles rich in tick salivary gland proteins out of the salivary gland cells. (usm.edu)
  • Recent studies have shown that soluble factors elaborated by human T lymphocytes enhance erythroid burst formation by human peripheral blood null cells. (shengsci.com)
  • Soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive fusion factor attachment protein receptors ( SNARE) and actin cytoskeleton organization regulated by small GTPase of the Rho family were also proved to be essential for AQP2 trafficking. (uniba.it)
  • Biphasic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from pancreatic β-cells involves soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein-attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteinregulated exocytosis. (ttu.edu)
  • Protein kinase A-mediated phosphorylation of AQP2 has been proposed to be essential in regulating AQP2-containing vesicle exocytosis. (uniba.it)
  • Two important pathways were examined in the current study: (1) a basic pathway of exocytosis that brings new proteins to the cell surface and permits the cell to grow, and (2) synaptic transmission, a specialized form of exocytosis, regulated by Ca 2+ entry, in which vesicles already present at synapses fuse with the membrane and recycle locally (Murthy, 2003). (sdbonline.org)
  • Syntaxins are membrane integrated Q-SNARE proteins known to participate in exocytosis. (ommegaonline.org)
  • The SNARE complex assembles from the vesicular protein Synaptobrevin-2 as well as SNAP25 (synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa) and Syntaxin-1, which are both anchored to the presynaptic membrane 2 . (nature.com)
  • Synaptobrevin2/Vesicle associated membrane protein-2 (v-SNARE) and Syntaxin (t-SNARE) form a vesicular docking complex during endocytosis. (scielo.org)
  • Syntaxin of plant proteins SYP123 and SYP132 mediate root hair tip gro" by Mie Ichikawa, Tomoko Hirano et al. (lsu.edu)
  • In plants, three groups of regulatory proteins such as Sec1/Munc18 (SM), small GTPase and synaptotagmin (SYT) have been studied for modulating the trafficking functionality of SNAREs. (molcells.org)
  • The first layer of immunity, known as pathogen-associated molecular pattern- (PAMP-) triggered immunity (PTI), is activated following recognition of the fungal pattern molecule chitin, by four lysin motif- (LysM-) containing protein (LYP) receptors, i.e., chitin elicitor binding protein (CEBiP), chitin elicitor receptor kinase (CERK1), LYP4 and LYP6 (Shimizu et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) as well as heterotrimeric G proteins are also involved in regulating neurite outgrowth. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is proposed that membrane fusion is induced by, the formation of SNARE complexes, at the active zones in the plasma membrane that are composed many of different lipids and proteins. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • These ox-tr lipids contain reactive functional groups that were capable of mediating a covalent attachment to HSP70, and lipid droplets of DCs exposed to tumour extracts but not of controls strongly accumulated HSP70. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We used the well-characterized goldfish bipolar neuron to investigate the organization of vesicle pools and the role of SNARE proteins at a retinal ribbon synapse. (tmc.edu)
  • To assess the functional role of SNARE proteins at retinal ribbon synapses, we used peptides derived from SNARE proteins that compete with endogenous proteins for SNARE complex formation. (tmc.edu)
  • Altered expression of SNARE proteins in cellular communication is the major hallmark of cancer phenotypes as indicated in recent studies. (scielo.org)
  • Hydrosol suppressed the activation of SNARE proteins in DNP-BSA-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells and inhibited ROS and NO in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. (ncsu.edu)
  • Camphor and estragole are the main chemical components of hydrosol and downregulate the LPS-induced phosphorylation of the SNARE proteins. (ncsu.edu)
  • In this study, we tested the hypothesis that VTI family of SNARE proteins, VTI1A and VTI1B, are required for the salivary vesicle transport and success of tick to gain an uninterrupted access to blood-meal for several days. (usm.edu)
  • Although the members of Q-SNARE proteins are characterized in somatic cells, it is not known whether related proteins function in the sperm acrosome reaction. (ommegaonline.org)
  • In this study, we demonstrate that the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) is an essential component of the cytokine secretory pathway in CD4 + T cells. (aai.org)
  • In contrast, chemokine secretion and trafficking of plasma membrane proteins, transported via the constitutive secretory pathway, are unaffected by the lack of WASp. (aai.org)
  • The exocyst complex, a set of eight proteins first identified from secretory mutants in yeast, is an attractive candidate for mediating directed traffic. (sdbonline.org)
  • Some cell wall polysaccharide synthesis and cytoskeleton formation-related proteins were up-regulated by JA to promote tuber cell expansion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the use of mutant expression in the presence of endogenous protein left it unclear how the observed effects were related to the defect of vesicle docking in (M)unc18-1 knock-outs. (jneurosci.org)
  • strongly suggests that at least one regulatory protein should control the SNARE complex formation of VAMP721/722 with a specific Qa-SNARE in a particular biological process in plants. (molcells.org)
  • Neurons generate their polarity by directing membrane traffic to growing neurites and growth cones, and by sorting proteins differentially between the axon and dendrites. (sdbonline.org)
  • A total of 257 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified by iTRAQ, which provided a comprehensive overview on the functional protein profile changes of tuber development regulated by JA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Another distinction that has been drawn contrasts the constitutive and the regulated pathways to distinguish the ongoing transport of protein and lipid to the cell surface from the ability to secrete hormones and transmitters in response to specific stimuli. (sdbonline.org)
  • Cessation of the stimulus is followed by endocytosis of the AQP2 proteins exposed on the plasma membrane and their recycling to the original stores, in which they are retained. (uniba.it)
  • 5) Lysosomes can also fuse with the plasma membrane to mediate membrane repair or discharge contents outside the cell, such as cathepsins or immune factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Key interacting proteins of the plasma membrane, the cytosol and the vesicle membrane which function in the membrane fusion pathway, have been identified in a variety of cell types and characterized at the molecular level [10-14] . (ommegaonline.org)
  • Major recent advances and previous data have led to a plausible model of how key proteins mediate neurotransmitter release. (elsevierpure.com)
  • sec5 mutations have been identified and characterized in Drosophila in order to delineate the role of the protein in neurons and particularly at synapses. (sdbonline.org)
  • Abstract Gene expression is tightly regulated in time and space through a multitude of factors consisting of signaling molecules. (scielo.org)
  • Several patients with clinical features of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) have fusion of the TEL (ETV6) gene on 12p13 with ABL on 9q34 and express a chimeric Tel-Abl protein that contains the same portion of the Abl tyrosine kinase fused to Tel, an Ets family transcription factor, rather than Bcr. (shengsci.com)
  • 60% of human protein-coding genes, mostly by binding to the 3′- untranslated region (3′UTR) of the target mRNAs ( 5 ) and, therefore, miRNAs affect gene expression networks of a variety of biological processes including development, apoptosis, proliferation, and metabolism ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The mature miRNAs are loaded onto ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins, forming a miRNA-induced gene silencing complex (miRISC). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results revealed that the levels of a number of proteins involved in various cellular processes were regulated by JA during tuber development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • NGF is a neurotrophic factor critical for the survival and maintenance of sympathetic and sensory neurons, and it binds to the high-affinity tyrosine kinase receptor, TrkA, leading to its phosphorylation and the subsequent activation of PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These diverse functions performed by the acrosomal segment during fertilization reveal the importance of identifying the specific signaling events and protein constituents which initiate and regulate the membrane fusion process of the acrosome reaction and prepare spermatozoa to fuse with the egg. (ommegaonline.org)
  • Evidence suggests that nerve growth factor (NGF) induces neurite outgrowth from PC12 cells by activating the receptor tyrosine kinase, TrkA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previously, we reported the structure of the yeast Dsl1 complex, the simplest known MTC, which is essential for coat protein I (COPI) mediated transport fromthe Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum(ER). (princeton.edu)
  • Therefore, identifying the factors and mechanisms that regulate the functional status and spatial distribution of lysosomes and elucidating the relationship between lysosomes and the development and progression of cancer can provide important information for cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction and may yield new therapeutic targets. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the axon, MTs are bundled by the microtubule-associated protein (MAP) tau, with their plus ends oriented toward the nerve terminal. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The expression of Insulin and Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 mRNA was significantly reduced in MIPβ1KO islets, along with reductions in insulin exocytotic proteins. (oncotarget.com)
  • This protein is required for many aspects of membrane traffic within neurons, including the elaboration of neurites, but the release of neurotransmitter at the synapse is independent of this exocyst component (Murthy, 2003). (sdbonline.org)
  • These two proteins appear to play different roles in vesicular trafficking and exhibit distinct localization. (usm.edu)
  • More than 90% of extracellular miRNAs are vesicle-free, but form a complex with proteins such as Agonaute2 (AGO2) ( 22 , 23 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Altogether, our results demonstrate that βγ subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins play a critical role in neurite outgrowth and differentiation by interacting with MTs and modulating MT rearrangement. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Drug moieties used in antibody drug conjugates include bacterial protein toxins such as diphtheria toxin, plant protein toxins such as ricin, small molecules such as auristatins, geldanamycin (Mandler et al (2000) J. of the Nat. (justia.com)
  • Understanding the basic mechanisms of VTI protein family in salivary glands may lead to better ways to prevent tick and tick-borne diseases. (usm.edu)
  • The long term goal of our research is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which proteins are targeted to specific and distinct compartments. (stanford.edu)
  • We focus on zebrafish mutants, in which photoreceptor degeneration is caused by defects in protein synthesis in ER, protein transport from ER to the apical photoreceptive membrane region, and phototransduction. (oist.jp)
  • Drosha, RNase III, and DGCR8, the RNA-binding protein, further process pri-miRNAs into stem-loop structured precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) of ~70 nt ( 29 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • After pre-miRNAs are transported to the cytoplasm, RNase III Dicer and TRBP (transactivation-response RNA-binding protein) cleave them into double-stranded miRNA duplexes of ~22 nt ( 30 , 31 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Over the years, pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells have been used as a model to study neuronal differentiation because they respond to nerve growth factor (NGF) and exhibit a typical phenotype of neuronal cells sending out neurites [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Affibody molecules are small (58 amino acids) engineered scaffold proteins that can be selected to bind to a large variety of proteins with a high affinity. (mdpi.com)
  • Although 271 genes linked to hereditary retinal diseases have already been identified, these genes encode diverse functions, including phototransduction, retinol metabolism, and intracellular protein transport. (oist.jp)
  • And, a large number of protein biosynthesis, degradation and assembly-related were up-regulated by JA to promote tuber protein biosynthesis and maintain strict protein quality control during tuber development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • New technologies for purifying membrane-bound protein complexes in combination with cryo-electron microscopy (EM) have recently allowed the exploration of such complexes under near-native conditions. (researchgate.net)
  • Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence was used to evaluate relative proteins expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Biochemical and molecular dynamic simulation experiments revealed that the two substitutions do not regulate secretion by affecting the property of SNARE complex itself, but rather make the SNAP-25b-containing SNARE complex more available for the interaction with accessory factor(s). (nih.gov)
  • The cytoHubba plug-in were used to identify hub genes from the protein-protein interaction network. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because we have shown earlier that prenylation and subsequent methylation/demethylation of γ subunits are required for the Gβγ-MTs interaction in vitro , small-molecule inhibitors (L-28 and L-23) targeting prenylated methylated protein methyl esterase (PMPMEase) were tested in the current study. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Within neurons, multiple pathways are known to transport proteins and transmitters to the cell surface. (sdbonline.org)
  • The combination of growth factors and RTKs can activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and negatively regulate TSC1/2, promoting Rheb to become GTP loaded, which can activate mTORC1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results demonstrate an important role of VTI protein family in uninterrupted prolonged tick feeding on the host. (usm.edu)
  • Role of heat shock transcription factor 2 in the NMDA-dependent neuroplasticity induced by chronic ethanol intake in mouse hippocampus. (u-paris.fr)
  • Exactly why this is so is not fully understood, but a number of factors in the tumour microenvironment have been postulated to play a role including hypoxia, pH, and higher levels of adenosine, lactate and immunosuppressive factors such as IL-10 and PD-L1 [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Schools play a vital role in student health, and a collaborative approach may affect health factors such as physical activity (PA) and nutrition. (bvsalud.org)
  • The function of the SEDL protein is not known although it is speculated that it may participate in the ER-to-Golgi transport as part of a novel highly conserved multiprotein TRAPP complex. (nature.com)
  • ont permis la publication de plus de 370 articles et monographies, dont une 44 en 2020. (u-paris.fr)
  • A 'read' is counted each time someone views a publication summary (such as the title, abstract, and list of authors), clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the full-text. (researchgate.net)
  • MIPβ1KO islets displayed a significant increase in protein levels of the apoptotic marker cleaved-Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and a reduction of the cell cycle marker cyclin D1. (oncotarget.com)
  • We also study the NPC1 protein that is essential for cholesterol transport in humans and can lead to Niemann Pick C disease when mutated. (stanford.edu)
  • In particular, polymer-encapsulated nanodiscs enable the study of membrane proteins at high resolution while retaining protein-protein and protein-lip. (researchgate.net)