• Despite numerous studies on the dissolution properties of calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings, the coating "shelf life" (i.e. the chemical stability of these coatings prior to implantation), has not been investigated adequately, particularly for CaP coatings applied to polymeric substrates. (omicsonline.org)
  • Calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings are applied to the surface of a range of orthopaedic implants to enhance the interfacial bonding between the implant and host tissue. (omicsonline.org)
  • Hydroxyapatite and other calcium phosphate coatings have been investigated extensively for clinical applications due to their ability to form a direct bond with living bone, a property often referred to as "bioactivity" [ 2 ]. (omicsonline.org)
  • Numerous prior studies have investigated the dissolution of CaP coatings, such as hydroxyapatite, in conditions designed to simulate physiological conditions, i.e. typically at pH 7.4 and at ~37 °C [ 3 - 7 ]. (omicsonline.org)
  • Hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings with and without octacalcium phosphate (OCP) were uniformly formed on pure magnesium by a hydrothermal treatment using a Ca-EDTA solution. (elsevierpure.com)
  • It was demonstrated that the crystal phase and microstructure of the calcium phosphate-coatings can vary with the pH of the treatment solution. (elsevierpure.com)
  • It is revealed that the degree of protection afforded by calcium phosphate-coatings varies with their crystal phase and microstructure. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This paper discusses the processes of grit-blasting, plasma spraying, acid-etching, anodization and implant surface coatings with hydroxyapatite. (com.pk)
  • Ahmed F, Rashid H, Farookhi S, Verma V, Mulyar Y, Khalifa M, Sheikh Z. Surface modifications of endosseous dental implants by incorporation of roughness and hydroxyapatite coatings. (com.pk)
  • Effects of strontium-substitution in sputter deposited calcium phosphate coatings on the rate of corrosion of magnesium alloys. (pitt.edu)
  • Such HAP powders decomposed thermally to α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP : Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) at 800 °C in 3 hours whereas HAP powders with sufficient calcium were stable at 1200 °C for 3 hours. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Bone substrates like hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate have been widely used for promoting spinal fusion and reducing the complications caused by autograft. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we compared the osteoinductivity of whitlockite, hydroxyapatite, and tricalcium phosphate porous particles with SD rat spine posterolateral fusion model and investigated whether whitlockite could induce ectopic ossification with SD rat abdominal pouch model. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The micro-CT result from the posterolateral fusion model showed whitlockite had slightly but significantly higher percent bone volume than tricalcium phosphate, though none of the materials formed successful fusion with surrounding bone tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whitlockite had a potential of being a better bone substrate hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate in spinal fusion with low risk of inducing ectopic ossification. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 5. Rejda BV, Peelen JGJ, deGroot K: Tricalcium phosphate as a bone substitute. (ijcrr.com)
  • Literature data on equilibria between solid calcium phosphates having the apatite structure and aqueous solutions containing Na + and CO 3 2- ions were reexamined in view of the present data about the complexation of ions in such systems. (degruyter.com)
  • This means that salts of the mono- and di-phosphate ions can be selectively crystallised from aqueous solution by setting the pH value to either 4.7 or 9.8. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inorganic phosphate is generally denoted Pi and at physiological (homeostatic) pH primarily consists of a mixture of [HPO 4]2− and [H 2PO 4]− ions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, a more durable, less soluble, and more translucent material was developed 33 , with chemical bonding to the dental substrate by the bonding of calcium ions to carboxylic radicals existing in the enamel, dentin and cementum. (bvsalud.org)
  • In chemistry, a base is a chemical species that donates electrons, accepts protons, or releases hydroxide ions in aqueous solution. (tutordale.com)
  • In this study, we develop an integrated process for the direct recovery and separation of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate for fertilizer and livestock feed additive production from a low-grade (2.0 wt% P) iron-rich (19.7 wt% Fe) phosphate ore. (rsc.org)
  • The developed process achieves around 70% phosphorus recovery as an industrial-grade (19 wt% P) dicalcium phosphate dihydrate product with minimal iron, magnesium, and aluminum contamination, while also producing value-added calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) and iron/magnesium byproducts. (rsc.org)
  • 40% P 2 O 5 ), while livestock feed additives are usually in the form of dicalcium phosphate (CaHPO 4 ), monocalcium phosphate (Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 ), or defluorinated phosphate (Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ). (rsc.org)
  • These names are also used for salts of those anions, such as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and trisodium phosphate. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is the conjugate base of the hydrogen phosphate ion H(PO 4)2− , which in turn is the conjugate base of the dihydrogen phosphate ion H 2(PO 4)− , which in turn is the conjugate base of orthophosphoric acid, H 3PO 4. (wikipedia.org)
  • Around pH 4.7 (mid-way between the first two pKa values) the dihydrogen phosphate ion, [H 2PO 4]− , is practically the only species present. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, hydrophilic monomers commonly present in self-etch formulations such as the 2-hydroxyl methacrylate (HEMA) and the 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) may experience hydrolysis prior to their clinical application when still inside the adhesive vial. (sagepub.com)
  • First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate Ca(NO3)(2),4H(2)O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)(2)H PO4]. (csircentral.net)
  • Hydroxyapatite powders (HAP: Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) were prepared from calcium nitrate and di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate at various temperatures in aqueous solution in the absence and presence of carbon dioxide. (elsevierpure.com)
  • As a rule, the hydrogen and dihydrogen phosphates are slightly more soluble than the corresponding phosphates. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most relevant inorganic Fluorides are Hydrogen fluoride, Calcium fluoride, and Sodium fluoride. (dentistofnaples.com)
  • Scaffolds with varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin were prepared using lyophilization technique where glutaraldehyde (GTA) acted as a cross-linking agent for biopolymers. (csircentral.net)
  • A systematic evaluation of mechanical and biocompatibility properties of different volume fractions of hydroxyapatite whiskers in comparison with three commercial dental composites filled with micro- and nanosilica particles was carried out. (hindawi.com)
  • Six groups with different hydroxyapatite whiskers mass fractions were taken into account in order to be compared with the performances of silica particles based composites group. (hindawi.com)
  • Data obtained show better interfacial interaction with filler/matrix until 20 wt% of hydroxyapatite whiskers partially replaced silica particles filler. (hindawi.com)
  • For this reason, in the recent five years hydroxyapatite particles and whiskers have been added as novel bioactive and biocompatible reinforcing filler in dental restorations. (hindawi.com)
  • This information is of primary interest in order to achieve a final consistency and specific formulation of hydroxyapatite whiskers mixed with silica particles filler in resin composite. (hindawi.com)
  • In particular, six different ratios of hydroxyapatite/silica particles were investigated. (hindawi.com)
  • With this aim, different mass fraction of hydroxyapatite based composites and three commercial composites loaded with silica particles were tested and compared in order to verify the effective enhancement in both biocompatibility and mechanical properties. (hindawi.com)
  • 14] Yea X., Liua T., Li Q., Liua H., Wu Z., Comparison of Strontium and Calcium Adsorption Onto Composite Magnetic Particles Derived from Fe 3 O 4 and Bis(trimethoxysilylpropyl) amine , Colloids Surf . (nsmsi.ir)
  • The results of the physicochemical analysis of the waters show that they are full of bicarbonates (653 mg/L), chloride (478 mg/L), nitrate (412 mg/L), sodium (425 mg/L) and calcium (199mg/L). Their pH is slightly alkaline. (waset.org)
  • Examples include aqueous solutions of sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride, low pH solutions such as the acidulated phosphate fluoride system. (dentistofnaples.com)
  • In biological systems, phosphorus can be found as free phosphate anions in solution (inorganic phosphate) or bound to organic molecules as various organophosphates. (wikipedia.org)
  • The volume begins with this introductory chapter then proceeds to the chemical properties of inorganic phosphate that enable its several biological roles. (tutordale.com)
  • In chemistry, a phosphate is an anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2 The phosphate rock is converted to phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) which is used to produce phosphate fertilizers. (rsc.org)
  • In the wet phosphoric acid process, the phosphate rock is reacted with sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), producing gypsum (CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O) and aqueous phosphoric acid (reaction (1) ). (rsc.org)
  • The dimeric phosphoric anhydride inorganic pyrophosphate is then addressed as the central functional group that enables the POP anhydride linkage to function throughout biology via the dual properties of thermodynamic activation coupled to kinetic stability in aqueous medial at physiological pH values. (tutordale.com)
  • This early-stage formation of brushite has not been reported in previous studies of converting bioactive silicate and borate glasses in aqueous phosphate solution. (mst.edu)
  • Variation in the composition of calcium silicate-based pulp capping materials could influence the discoloration potential of some of these materials, thus affecting the color and aesthetic appearance of the coronal tooth structure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the color change of coronal tooth structure after placing various calcium silicate-based materials in the pulp chamber in the presence or absence of blood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Many modern orthopaedic implants are coated with calcium phosphate to improve the host tissue response to the implants. (omicsonline.org)
  • Hydroxyapatite, a type of calcium phosphate that is similar to the mineral component of bone, is the most commercially popular calcium phosphate coating for biomedical implants [ 1 ]. (omicsonline.org)
  • Indeed, in a study originally aimed to show that the bonding phenomenon is chemical in nature, surface topography changes in the micrometer range were observed in hydroxyapatite ceramic implants, suggesting that micromechanical interlocking contributed to the bonding mechanism [8]. (toysis.pics)
  • 11 Calcium phosphate-coated implants have been described in the literature which demonstrate early direct bone attachment to the hydroxyapatite surface and this occursas quickly as one month post-operatively. (com.pk)
  • Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone. (csircentral.net)
  • The treatment of the Blackeye bean plant with hybrid chitosan-calcium oxide nanoparticles increased the growth of the plant by 8 cm and 10.7 cm compared with 6 cm for the untreated plant [15]. (jchemrev.com)
  • ATP and ADP are often referred to as high-energy phosphates, as are the phosphagens in muscle tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conclusion: Calcium hydroxylapatite is a very effective agent for many areas of facial soft tissue augmentation and is associated with a high and well-established safety profile. (jcadonline.com)
  • Additionally, histopathological analysis and immunohistochemical alterations in the expression of caspase-3 and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-4 (NOX-4) in kidney tissue were performed to confirm the findings of the in vivo experiments. (bvsalud.org)
  • Recalculations showed that all solutions were undersaturated or just saturated with respect to either brushite or octocalciumphosphate or more or less finely dispersed calcite and supersaturated with respect to pure hydroxylapatite. (degruyter.com)
  • Calcium ion deficiency caused low Ca/P ratios of HAP powders. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The phosphate ion has a molar mass of 94.97 g/mol, and consists of a central phosphorus atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement. (wikipedia.org)
  • ICP-OES was used to measure the calcium and phosphorus concentrations of the immersion solution. (omicsonline.org)
  • Phosphorus supplements are usually produced from high-grade phosphate rock concentrates (28-40 wt% P 2 O 5 ). (rsc.org)
  • The main role of phosphate supplements is to deliver soluble and bioavailable phosphorus to plants and livestock as crop fertilizers or animal feed additives. (rsc.org)
  • For IC, the dentin layer was removed, leaving the enamel that was crushed, and autoclaved for chemical quantification (calcium, fluorine, and phosphorus). (thejcdp.com)
  • The analysis of the scale reveals that it is rich in calcium and phosphorus. (waset.org)
  • Recovery of phosphorus (P) from various types of wastewater has been proposed as a more sustainable alternative to phosphate rock mining due to concerns about the finite supply of phosphate rock, economic scarcity of phosphate, and the critical need for P in agriculture and food production. (rsc.org)
  • In fact, it was shown that the incorporation of hydroxyapatite with whiskers morphology can provide larger load transfer and favor toughening mechanisms, thus, increasing flexural modulus and fracture toughness of resins in comparison with conventional silica based fillers [ 6 - 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In addition, hydroxyapatite whiskers (wHA) have been considered the best option as reinforcing filler in comparison with other whiskers based on carbon, ceramic, glass, metal, and polymer due to the absence of cytotoxicity effects [ 12 , 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • 6] Park J., Photocatalytic Activity of Hydroxyapatite-Precipitated Potassium Titanate Whiskers , J. Alloys Compd . (nsmsi.ir)
  • The conversion of bioactive glass to a calcium phosphate material, typically hydroxyapatite (HA), by solution-precipitation reactions in aqueous phosphate solution, has been commonly reported. (mst.edu)
  • This paper describes the structural and compositional characteristics of the calcium phosphate material formed during the early-stage conversion (o5 h) of a borosilicate glass (designated H12) in aqueous phosphate solution. (mst.edu)
  • Early Stages of Calcium Phosphate Formation on Bioactive Borosilicate Glass in Aqueous Phosphate Solution," Journal of the American Ceramic Society , John Wiley & Sons, May 2008. (mst.edu)
  • aqueous solution and phosphate buffered solution for further mineral cross-linking. (elsevierpure.com)
  • After removal of the surfactants, we carried out the alternative dialysis of nanoparticles against CaCl2 aqueous solution and phosphate buffered solution for further mineral cross-linking. (elsevierpure.com)
  • and the liquid consists of calcium chloride which is a setting accelerator and water-reducing agent in aqueous solution [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • TEOS xerogel was investigated as adsorbent to removal strontium ion from aqueous solution in batch operations. (nsmsi.ir)
  • Foliar spray of calcium borate Nanoparticles (CaB 4 O 7 -NPs) was applied as a nano-fertilizer on Lactuca sativa and Cucurbita pepo , the application of CaB 4 O 7 -NPs promoted shoot and root biomass production of lettuce by 2.7 and 1.9-fold compared to the untreated plants, respectively [14]. (jchemrev.com)
  • XRD and FT-IR studies revealed that the resultant nanoparticles were produced by mineral cross-linkages of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and the crystal amount and properties such as morphology and crystallinity could be well-controlled by the reaction conditions. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The urea-modified hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were encapsulated into cavities of the softwood of Gliricidia sepium , such nano-fertilizer composition exhibited a moderate and controlled delivery of nitrogen at three divergent pH values (4.2, 5.2, and 7) up to day 60 compared to the commercial fertilizer [19]. (jchemrev.com)
  • Effects of bleaching agents containing fluoride and calcium on human enamel. (thejcdp.com)
  • 1. Fluoride becomes incorporated into the hydroxyapatite crystals of teeth, rendering them more resistant to acid attack. (dentistofnaples.com)
  • The hydrophilic composite Transbond Plus Color Change presents in its composition glass fluorosilicate as a fluoride source and the hydrophilic nature of the adhesive allows the diffusion of fluoride through the reticulated matrix cured in an aqueous medium [ 10 ]. (opendentistryjournal.com)
  • At present the most frequent choice of ionic crosslinker is Calcium Chloride (CaCl 2 ) as it typically leads to rapid gelation due to its high solubility in aqueous solutions 21 . (nature.com)
  • In addition, the ionization of acidic monomers allows calcium ion chelation and collagen fiber hybridization, which are important adhesion mechanisms in dental bonding [3]. (sagepub.com)
  • Hybrid anion exchange resin containing hydrous ferric oxide (HAIX-Fe) was used in column tests to remove phosphate (PO 4 ) from fresh urine, hydrolyzed urine, and anaerobic digester filtrate, and subsequently recover PO 4 as struvite (MgNH 4 PO 4 ·6H 2 O) or potassium struvite (MgKPO 4 ·6H 2 O) via precipitation in the spent regenerant. (rsc.org)
  • article{osti_1543698, title = {Effects of Controlled Crystalline Surface of Hydroxyapatite on Methane Oxidation Reactions}, author = {Oh, Su Cheun and Xu, Jiayi and Tran, Dat T. and Liu, Bin and Liu, Dongxia}, abstractNote = {Hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) has a hexagonal prismatic structure that exposes two crystalline surfaces: prism-faceted a- and basal-faceted c-surfaces. (osti.gov)
  • As the main biomineral component in enamel and dentine, hydroxyapatite is responsible for their higher mechanical performances. (hindawi.com)
  • After this threshold, the mechanical performances decrease dramatically due to both the hydroxyapatite agglomerates formation and the low degree of resin conversion. (hindawi.com)
  • To overcome the present lack in the literature about hydroxyapatite based composite, we proposed a systematic analysis of the mechanical and biocompatibility performances of them in comparison with commercial dental composite. (hindawi.com)
  • In the absence of carbon dioxide, the crystallinities as well as the calcium to phosphate ratio (Ca/P ratio) of HAP powders increased with an increase in the preparation temperature. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Nanostructured TiO2-Al2O3 films and powders were prepared by a straightforward aqueous particulate sol-gel route. (sharif.edu)
  • Nanocrystalline and nanostructured TiO2-Cr2O3 thin films and powders were prepared by a facile and straightforward aqueous particulate sol-gel route at low temperature of 400°C. The prepared sols showed a narrow particle size distribution with hydrodynamic diameter in the range of 17.7 nm to 19.0 nm. (sharif.edu)
  • Nanostructured TiO2-SnO2 thin films and powders were prepared by a facile aqueous particulate sol-gel route. (sharif.edu)
  • We developed a mineral cross-linking strategy to prepare a biopolymer-based nanoparticle using calcium phosphate (CaP) as a cross-linker. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 1,4-6 The P 2 O 5 grade, mineral form, and calcium content of these products are critical for their effective performance in their target applications and their market value. (rsc.org)
  • 6 Thus, P recovery from the most concentrated waste streams that comprise domestic wastewater, such as human urine and anaerobic digester sidestreams, 7,8 would provide an alternative to phosphate rock fertilizers while having the important benefits of decreasing nutrient loading to receiving waters and reducing operational problems caused by mineral scaling at wastewater treatment plants. (rsc.org)
  • Early Stages of Calcium Phosphate Formation on Bioactive Borosilicate " by Yadong Li, B. Sonny Bal et al. (mst.edu)
  • Background: Calcium hydroxylapatite is one of the most well-studied dermal fillers worldwide and has been extensively used for the correction of moderate-to-severe facial lines and folds and to replenish lost volume. (jcadonline.com)
  • Objectives: To mark the milestone of 10 years of use in the aesthetic field, this review will consider the evolution of calcium hydroxylapatite in aesthetic medicine, provide a detailed injection protocol for a global facial approach, and examine how the unique properties of calcium hydroxylapatite provide it with an important place in today's market. (jcadonline.com)
  • Transfer of P as the PO32 group opens the biological world of phosphate monoesters brought about by phosphoryl transfer enzymes and includes all the kinases for low molecular weight metabolites and for proteins in their myriads. (tutordale.com)
  • Calcium hydroxylapatite combines high elasticity and viscosity with an ability to induce long-term collagen formation making it an ideal agent for a global facial approach. (jcadonline.com)
  • The process combines leaching using dilute sulfuric acid (0.29 M) and selective precipitation using calcium oxide. (rsc.org)