CongenitalForamen magnumCortical regionsSIDSSpinal cordLesionsNeurologicCerebralSymptomsConsistentCranialJunctionGeneticsAplasiaCordNeurologicalRepresentsAuditoryInvolveCortexClinicallyPatient'sSyndromeDysfunctionFindingsRegionsScansAbnormalImproveIncreasesFoundClinicalSpecificCentralAttentionSurgeryLowerPatients
Congenital6
- Congenital Zika syndrome is a recently recognized pattern of congenital anomalies associated with Zika virus infection during pregnancy that includes microcephaly, intracranial calcifications or other brain anomalies, or eye anomalies, among others ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
- Infants with laboratory evidence of congenital Zika virus infection should have a comprehensive ophthalmologic exam and hearing assessment by auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing before 1 month of age. (cdc.gov)
- Recommendations for follow-up of infants with laboratory evidence of congenital Zika virus infection depend on whether abnormalities consistent with congenital Zika syndrome are present. (cdc.gov)
- A wide range of neurologic abnormalities, in addition to microcephaly, has been observed among infants with presumed or confirmed congenital Zika virus infection ( 2 , 4 ). (cdc.gov)
- Craniocervical junction abnormalities are congenital or acquired abnormalities of the occipital bone, foramen magnum, or first two cervical vertebrae that decrease the space for the lower brain stem and cervical cord. (merckmanuals.com)
- A syndrome of congenital facial paralysis, frequently associated with abducens palsy and other congenital abnormalities including lingual palsy, clubfeet, brachial disorders, cognitive deficits, and pectoral muscle defects. (bvsalud.org)
Foramen magnum1
- Fetal MRI can identify temporal lobe abnormalities and a narrow foramen magnum. (orpha.net)
Cortical regions1
- At macroscopic examinations, two types of lesions are found: diffuse white matter abnormalities sparing the cortical regions and small subcortical infarcts (6, 15) . (ajnr.org)
SIDS2
Spinal cord7
- Hypomyelination with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity (HBSL) is a condition that affects the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). (medlineplus.gov)
- In particular, the condition affects nerves in specific regions (called tracts) within the spinal cord and the brainstem, which is the part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord. (medlineplus.gov)
- Neonates usually die shortly after birth due to respiratory insufficiency and/or spinal cord/brain stem compression. (orpha.net)
- MRI is especially valuable for identifying spinal abnormalities (eg, tumor, abscess) compressing the spinal cord and requiring emergency intervention. (msdmanuals.com)
- The Medulla is a part of the brainstem located between the Pons and the Spinal cord. (proprofs.com)
- The purpose of the neurologic examination is to establish whether the patient's brain, special senses, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and muscle and skin receptors are functioning normally. (merckmanuals.com)
- Typical symptoms of relapses may be referable to demyelinating pathology involving the optic nerves (e.g. optic neuritis), brainstem (e.g. internuclear ophthalmoplegia) or spinal cord (e.g. partial myelitis), although non-specific symptoms referable to the cerebral hemispheres or other brain regions can also occur (Katz Sand and Lublin, 2013). (medscape.com)
Lesions2
Neurologic2
- The factors that contribute to neurologic involvement in patients with types 2 and 3 disease are still unknown but may be related to the accumulation of a cytotoxic glycolipid, glucosylsphingosine, in the brain due to the severe deficiency of glucocerebrosidase activity or to neuroinflammation. (medscape.com)
- Ischemic Stroke Ischemic stroke is sudden neurologic deficits that result from focal cerebral ischemia associated with permanent brain infarction (eg, positive results on diffusion-weighted MRI). (msdmanuals.com)
Cerebral2
- A 18 F-DOPA cerebral PET/CT, performed after injection of 72 MBq of [ 18 F]-DOPA, showed striatal dopaminergic uptake decrease (predominating in the left side) as previously described [ 3 ] (Figure 1) and a MRI demonstrated mid brain atrophy, consistent with PSP diagnosis. (omicsonline.org)
- An extremely rare and fatal association syndrome, characterized by absence of the mandible, cerebral malformations with facial anomalies related to a defect in cleavage in the embryonic brain (e.g. synophthalmia, malformed and low-set ears fused in midline (otocephaly), agenesis of the olfactory bulbs, microstomia, hypoglossia/aglossia) and situs inversus partialis or totalis. (nih.gov)
Symptoms1
- The severity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in youth appears to be reflected in their brain structure, recent NIMH-supported brain imaging studies are finding. (newideas.net)
Consistent3
- The microwave hearing effect produces auditory responses consistent with many observations of brain activation occurring during hallucination. (slavery.org.uk)
- Microwave hearing reports are here reviewed along with studies of brain responses after hallucination for comparison of mechanisms, and observations consistent with simulated hallucination that indicate activation of the hearing pathway. (slavery.org.uk)
- Pathologic findings are variable and include brain stem nuclear aplasia, facial nerve aplasia, and facial muscle aplasia, consistent with a multifactorial etiology. (bvsalud.org)
Cranial4
- Overview of Intracranial Tumors Intracranial tumors may involve the brain or other structures (eg, cranial nerves, meninges). (msdmanuals.com)
- Cranial nerve V comes from what part of the brain stem? (proprofs.com)
- Cranial nerve V, also known as the trigeminal nerve, originates from the pons, which is a part of the brainstem. (proprofs.com)
- Cranial nerves are a set of nerves that emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for controlling various functions of the head and neck. (proprofs.com)
Junction1
- The cochlear nerve arises from the vestibulocochlear nerve for transmission to the cochlear nuclear complex at the brainstem pontomedullary junction. (slavery.org.uk)
Genetics1
- Biological approaches assume that many psychological disorders stem from underlying biological causes, such as structural abnormalities in the brain, biochemical processes, and genetics. (learner.org)
Aplasia1
- Los hallazgos anatomopatológicos son variables e incluyen aplasia nuclear en el tronco encefálico, aplasia del nervio facial y aplasia de los músculos faciales, en línea con la etiología multifactorial. (bvsalud.org)
Cord1
- 2011) for multiple sclerosis integrate data from neurological history, physical examination, and MRI appearances of the brain and cord. (medscape.com)
Neurological2
- Human brain organoids are used for understanding pathogenesis and investigating therapeutic options for neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurological disorders. (mdpi.com)
- But in recent years, much research has explored neurological variants, like serotonin levels in the brain, and a gene variant that could provide some insight. (acsh.org)
Represents2
- Prolongation of P100 latency is the most common abnormality and usually represents an optic nerve dysfunction. (medscape.com)
- Encephalopathy represents a brain state in which normal functioning of the brain is disturbed temporarily or permanently. (medscape.com)
Auditory4
- Some studies regarded as of hallucination indicate brain responses from the more initial auditory pathway that particularly support a microwave hearing mechanism. (slavery.org.uk)
- The above brainstem neural pathways contribute to the Auditory Brainstem Response recorded from surface electrodes. (slavery.org.uk)
- The inferior colliculus connects brainstem auditory centers to the medial geniculate body in the posterior thalamus from which the rather disperse acoustic radiation projects to the primary auditory cortex. (slavery.org.uk)
- Hearing effect pulsed microwave exposure increases rat brain glucose metabolism by [ 14 C] 2-deoxy-D-glucose with particular auditory pathway prominence in the cochlear nucleus, the superior olivary complex, the inferior colliculus, and medial geniculate body. (slavery.org.uk)
Involve1
- HBSL is a form of leukodystrophy, which is a group of conditions that involve abnormalities of the nervous system's white matter. (medlineplus.gov)
Cortex3
- However, in teens who showed improvement, the cortex thickened on the right side, suggesting how brain changes may help explain improvements in coping with ADHD, report Drs. Philip Shaw and Judith Rapoport, NIMH Child Psychiatry Branch, and colleagues. (newideas.net)
- Brain regions (blue, purple) where children with ADHD have a thinner cortex are part of circuitry that controls attention and motor activity. (newideas.net)
- Additionally, some studies have shown that hyperexcitability in the cortex [ 9 - 13 ], suggests that an unbalanced inhibition-excitation system in the brain contributes to the pathophysiology of migraines. (researchsquare.com)
Clinically1
- For some time, electroencephalography (EEG) has been employed clinically as a measure of brain function in the hope of determining and differentiating certain functional conditions of the brain. (medscape.com)
Patient's1
- Clinical dementia is a fairly broad-based decline of brain function, and most definitions center on the patient's intellectual decline and memory dysfunction. (medscape.com)
Syndrome1
- There is certainly overlap between Guillain-Barré syndrome, Miller Fisher syndrome and Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis, as well as other conditions associated with anti-ganglioside antibodies such as chronic ophthalmoplegia with anti-GQ1b antibody. (wikipedia.org)
Dysfunction1
- It is used in patients with cognitive dysfunction involving either a general decline of overall brain function or a localized or lateralized deficit. (medscape.com)
Findings2
- Despite the promise of the new findings, MRI brain scans are still an experimental research tool and cannot yet be used to diagnose or predict outcomes for individuals with ADHD, cautioned Shaw. (newideas.net)
- The substantiation for a simulated hallucination mechanism is compared to brain response findings during hallucination in review. (slavery.org.uk)
Regions1
- Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated symmetric polymicrogyria affecting the frontoparietal regions most severely, as well as ventriculomegaly, bilateral white matter signal changes, and small brainstem and cerebellar structures. (nih.gov)
Scans1
- Nevertheless, in recent years major progress has been made in the spatial resolution of brain scans using high resolution PET camera and fused MR images. (omicsonline.org)
Abnormal1
- In only 30% of cases is an MRI brain scan abnormal. (wikipedia.org)
Improve1
- These technological advances should improve the semiology of brain abnormalities demonstrated by 18 F-FDG PET. (omicsonline.org)
Increases1
- It receives blood from a vein in the nasal cavity, runs backwards, and gradually increases in size as blood drains from veins of the brain and the DURA MATER. (bvsalud.org)
Found1
- In a Stanford Medicine study, scientists transplanted stem cells into mice and found reduction of brain abnormalities typical of Alzheimer's disease. (stanford.edu)
Clinical2
- citation needed] The clinical features and course of the condition, the associated auto-antibodies against relevant antigens, and the response to treatment, all suggest that Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis is an autoimmune disease. (wikipedia.org)
- Yet, while previous NIMH imaging studies had shown that most parts of the brain are relatively smaller in ADHD, they did not look at how these differences might be related to clinical outcome. (newideas.net)
Specific1
- However, the specific roles of glutamate and glutamine (Glx) and gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA), which are the major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the brain, in migraine are not fully understood. (researchsquare.com)
Central1
- Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis is a rare inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, first described by Edwin Bickerstaff in 1951. (wikipedia.org)
Attention1
- The apparent normalization of cortical thickness in the better outcome youth may reflect a persistence of neural connections that provides an extended period for the sculpting of complex brain circuits supporting attention," suggested Shaw. (newideas.net)
Surgery1
- Biological Treatments attempt to alter brain functioning with chemical or physical interventions, including drugs that act directly on the brain and body, surgery, and electroconvulsive therapy. (learner.org)
Lower1
- The brainstem is the lower, stalk-like portion of the brain. (proprofs.com)
Patients1
- We report here that 18 F-FDG PET could demonstrate brainstem changes in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). (omicsonline.org)