• We are one of the few centres in Malaysia providing both open aortic repair and percutaneous complex Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair (TEVAR), Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) and EndoSuture Aneurysm Repair (ESAR) combined with our homegrown aneurysm coiling technique (Malaya technique). (umgeneralsurgery.my)
  • Looking carefully to the 3-year seriated CT-Scans, the topographic changes of the prostheses and their relationship with the native aortic wall are evident: in the first CT-Scan image (Figure 2A) the endovascular prostheses are next to the pulmonary artery and adherent to the native aortic wall concavity. (lupinepublishers.com)
  • Objective:The availability of endovascular aneurysm repair(EVAR)has gradually increased the number of patients undergoing surgical treatment for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm(rAAA). (or.jp)
  • However, as the patients with rAAA tended to be unsuitable for EVAR because of anatomical complexity, open abdominal surgery is important even in the endovascular era. (or.jp)
  • Carrick MM, Morrison CA, Pham HQ, Norman MA, Marvin B, Lee J, Wall MJ, Mattox KL " Modern management of traumatic subclavian artery injuries: a single institution's experience in the evolution of endovascular repair. . (bcm.edu)
  • A 12-year experience of endovascular repair for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms in all patients. (oru.se)
  • A porcine study of ultrasound-guided versus fluoroscopy-guided placement of endovascular balloons in the inferior vena cava (REBOVC) and the aorta (REBOA). (oru.se)
  • A randomized porcine study of hemorrhagic shock comparing end-tidal carbon dioxide targeted and proximal systolic blood pressure targeted partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in the mitigation of metabolic injury. (oru.se)
  • Endovascular repair of ruptured aneurysm continues to evolve since the advent of endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (EVAR) in the 1990s. (thoracickey.com)
  • The aim of the study is to describe an endovascular manoeuvre that can help in the cannulation and stenting of difficult renal arteries in endovascular thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm exclusion (EVAR) with a branched stent graft. (viamedica.pl)
  • If renal arteries are steep, tortuous, and unfavourable, cannulation failure can preclude a successful endovascular procedure. (viamedica.pl)
  • The aim of the study is to present two cases in which the technique of unusual renal artery (RA) connection was used to provide information that will help in cases of marginally suitable anatomy to bridge the renal arteries and allow endovascular treatment of symptomatic thoracoabdominal aneurysm. (viamedica.pl)
  • Purpose: To report a prospective, nonrandomized pilot study to determine whether fibrin glue aneurysm sac embolization at the time of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a safe and effective procedure to primarily prevent type II endoleaks. (slideshare.net)
  • mean age 73.867.8 years, range 64-86) with degenerative infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm underwent EVAR with bifurcated stent-grafts and fibrin glue injection into the aneurysm sac at the conclusion of the endovascular procedure. (slideshare.net)
  • J Endovasc Ther 2007;14:176-183 Key words: abdominal aortic aneurysm, endovascular repair, stent-graft, type II endoleak, fibrin glue, sac embolization ¤ ¤ With an increasing demand for less invasive procedures, endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) has emerged as a therapeutic alterna- tive to conventional surgery, leading to new complications and, consequently, to the de- velopment of specific techniques for their resolution. (slideshare.net)
  • Özgün Sensebat replied to your comment on presentation Endovascular treatment of subclavian artery occlusive disease . (vascupedia.com)
  • Özgün Sensebat commented on presentation Endovascular treatment of subclavian artery occlusive disease . (vascupedia.com)
  • I recommend endovascular therapy for subclavian artery diseases. (vascupedia.com)
  • Estudo retrospectivo, realizado em um centro de referência, no período de janeiro de 2010 a julho de 2011, em que foram analisados pacientes consecuti-vos submetidos a correção endovascular de dissecção crônica de aorta tipo B complicada pela classiicação de Stanford. (1library.org)
  • Expansion of an additionally introduced balloon allows the surgeon to grab the guidewire in the renal artery, thus excluding an aneurysm during EVAR. (viamedica.pl)
  • On the contrary, an endoleak that is present in the setting of a shrinking aneurysm sac does not need to be treated, even though its impact on long-term outcome following EVAR is unknown. (slideshare.net)
  • Marginal branch of the right coronary artery, sometimes referred to as the marginal artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • Maham Rahimi, MD, PhD, and Travis Vowels, MD, demonstrate an open repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm with right common iliac artery (CIA) aneurysm and left CIA occlusive disease. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Sudden blockage of an iliac artery causes symptoms in only one leg. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 35 consecutive patients who underwent emergent surgery for rAAA(including ruptured iliac artery aneurysms)between January 2013 and December 2020. (or.jp)
  • Classically, resistance and then complete lack of resistance is felt as the sheath tears the external iliac off the common iliac artery at the origin of the hypogastric. (thoracickey.com)
  • Compression of the left common ILIAC VEIN by the right common ILIAC ARTERY against the underlying fifth LUMBAR VERTEBRA is the typical underlying malformation. (lookformedical.com)
  • there was one failure to access the excluded aneurysm sac due to severe iliac artery calcification. (slideshare.net)
  • The Arc of Riolan (Riolan's arcade, Arch of Riolan, Haller's anastomosis), also known as the meandering mesenteric artery, is another vascular arcade present in the colonic mesentery that connect the proximal middle colic artery with a branch of the left colic artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • The large intestine is primarily supplied by the right colic artery, middle colic artery, and left colic artery. (onteenstoday.com)
  • This non-invasive test shows the anatomy of the carotid vertebral and subclavian artery, blood flow in vessels, narrowing or blockage of vessel and the degree of blockage, presence and location of plaque, Up to 90% of ischemic strokes originate from the carotid arteries and this simple non-invasive test can save many lives with early detection of disease. (rochesterregional.org)
  • Aortic arch aneurysms require the reattachment of the arch vessels, the innominate artery, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery. (keehealthcare.com)
  • It provides an effective anastomosis between these two arteries for the large intestine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tension developing at the suture line of the side-to-side coronary anastomosis and/or blood accumulation within the space around the graft conveyed significant risk of coronary artery dehiscence, pseudo-aneurysm formation and reoperation 1, 2 . (jsurgery.com)
  • The abdominal aortic aneurysm is repaired by rapid anastomosis of the graft to return blood flow to the circulation. (keehealthcare.com)
  • The purpose of an Arterial Doppler ultrasound is to evaluate the blood flow to the upper extremities (arms) and/or lower extremities (legs) arteries and determine if there is blocked or reduced blood flow through these major arteries. (rochesterregional.org)
  • The venous trunk which receives blood from the lower extremities and from the pelvic and abdominal organs. (lookformedical.com)
  • It supplies blood to the abdominal viscera, pelvic organs, and lower extremities. (wordinfo.info)
  • Branches of the aorta can be blocked (occluded) due to atherosclerosis, abnormal growth of muscle in the artery's wall (fibromuscular dysplasia), blood clots, or other disorders. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis is a condition in which patchy deposits of fatty material (atheromas or atherosclerotic plaques) develop in the walls of medium-sized and large arteries, leading to reduced or. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Fibromuscular Dysplasia Fibromuscular dysplasia is abnormal thickening of the walls of arteries that is not related to atherosclerosis or inflammation but that causes artery narrowing or blockage. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Occlusive Peripheral Arterial Disease Occlusive peripheral arterial disease is blockage or narrowing of an artery in the legs (or rarely the arms), usually due to atherosclerosis and resulting in decreased blood flow. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Aortic aneurysm repair is performed when a portion of the aorta has become dilated as a result of medionecrosis in the ascending aorta or atherosclerosis in the arch and descending segments. (keehealthcare.com)
  • Abdominal aortic aneurysm is more common in those who suffer from atherosclerosis or the progressive narrowing and hardening of the arteries over time. (wordinfo.info)
  • We report our findings during follow up of a 49 years male underwent ascending aorta replacement for acute Type A aortic dissection and subsequently surgical replacement of aortic arch and TEVAR due to huge enlargement of the thoraco-abdominal false lumen. (lupinepublishers.com)
  • The patient underwent ascending aorta replacement for acute Type A aortic dissection five years earlier. (lupinepublishers.com)
  • We report three successive cases of visceral artery dissection: one patient with celiac trunk dissection and two with dissection of the superior mesenteric artery. (bvsalud.org)
  • The association between fluoroquinolone use and higher occurrence of aneurysm and dissection remains discussed in aortic syndrome. (bvsalud.org)
  • The potential link between FQ and visceral artery dissection is even less described but should be reported in the absence of previous cases in the literature. (bvsalud.org)
  • Which is the largest artery in stomach supply? (onteenstoday.com)
  • The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity. (onteenstoday.com)
  • The aorta is the largest artery of the body. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The largest arterial conduit, or artery, in the abdominal cavity: The abdominal aorta refers to the portion of the largest artery in the body below the diaphragm to the bifurcation, the right and left common iliac arteries or the upper and largest, part of the bony pelvic girdle. (wordinfo.info)
  • Due to huge enlargement of the thoraces-abdominal false lumen an additional surgical treatment for the replacement of aortic arch was needed 2 years later and was achieved by means of the E-Vita Open stent-graft prosthesis Jotec Inc, Hechingen, Germany. (lupinepublishers.com)
  • Liffman and Co-workers found that the risk of modular disconnection was higher when the seal between the graft and the aneurysm sac is blood tight, the blood pressure is high and the diameter of the graft is small in relation with a large native aneurysm. (lupinepublishers.com)
  • Despite the introduction of these technical modifications, complications after composite graft replacement of the ascending aorta have not been eliminated. (jsurgery.com)
  • Evaluation of Stent Graft First-Line Surgical Strategy for a Ruptured Abdominal Aneurysm J. Hayashi et al. (or.jp)
  • After discussing with the patient the risks and the benefits of the surgical procedure, the patient was submitted to pancreatoduodenectomy en bloc with portal vein resection while the continuity of the portal vein was reestablished by using a cadaveric graft originating from the abdominal aorta. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Aortic aneurysm repair involves the removal of a dilated (enlarged) portion of the aorta replaced by a woven or knitted Dacron graft to continue uninterrupted blood flow through the aorta and all branch vessels. (keehealthcare.com)
  • The coronary arteries are reconnected to the graft. (keehealthcare.com)
  • If the renal arteries are involved in the aneurysm, they will be reattached to the graft. (keehealthcare.com)
  • Additionally, if the superior celiac, mesenteric, or inferior celiac arteries are involved, they will also be reattached to the graft. (keehealthcare.com)
  • What is the main artery that takes blood to the abdominal organs? (onteenstoday.com)
  • Arteries are blood vessels which play vital role in supplying oxygen and essential nutrients to various body organs. (onteenstoday.com)
  • Most of the abdominal organs are supplied by three major arteries namely the celiac artery which supplies blood to stomach, pancreas, spleen. (onteenstoday.com)
  • These symptoms are shared by pathologies of other abdominal organs and it is therefore very difficult to identify mesenteric lesions clinically. (sajr.org.za)
  • Scar tissue inside the peritoneum of the abdominal organs, usually involving the intestines and causing an obstruction: The abdominal adhesion may be a result of surgery or the result of a trauma or chronic inflammation. (wordinfo.info)
  • Recently, perfusion CT has aroused the interest of many researchers who are studying the applicability of imaging modalities in the evaluation of abdominal organs and diseases. (docksci.com)
  • Abdominal aortic branch occlusion is blockage or narrowing of one of the large arteries in the abdomen that come off of the aorta. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Those are the main vessels that come off of the aorta, the main artery in our body. (ianswertoyou.com)
  • Along with branches of the internal iliac arteries, it is usually sufficiently large to supply the oxygenated blood to the large intestine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Of these branches, the gastroduodenal artery supplies blood to the pylorus of the stomach and the nearby duodenum of the small intestine. (onteenstoday.com)
  • [ 3 ] Ischemic colitis is the most prevalent ischemic injury of the GI tract and includes features such as acute abdominal pain, hematochezia,and diarrhea. (medscape.com)
  • The authors' findings suggest that cocaine-related ischemia should be considered in young patients presenting with acute abdominal pain and/or rectal bleeding with evidence of bowel wall thickening or pneumatosis on either imaging or colonoscopy. (medscape.com)
  • Abdominal plain radiography is usually an initial examination undertaken in most cases involving acute abdominal problems. (medscape.com)
  • Multiphasic CT angiography (CTA) has been recommended for patients with suspected acute mesenteric ischemia or isolated right-sided ischemia. (medscape.com)
  • In patients with atrial fibrillation who have been anti-coagulated, acute abdominal pain may be due to haemorrhage rather than ischaemia. (svuhradiology.ie)
  • After general anesthesia is administered, the surgeon will make an incision through the length of the sternum to repair an ascending, arch, or thoracic aortic aneurysm. (keehealthcare.com)
  • Angiography is the standard imaging approach for detecting fibromuscular dysplasia/arterial stenoses and aneurysms. (medscape.com)
  • As embolisation of thrombus related to the atrial fibrillation was suspected to be the cause of the abdominal pain, a dual-phase (arterial and portal venous) CT of the abdomen was performed as this helps to identify changes of ischaemia. (svuhradiology.ie)
  • These images are from the arterial phase - note the intense high density in the abdominal aorta and, immediately anterior to it, the superior mesenteric artery. (svuhradiology.ie)
  • However, previous studies that measured BF in a "single vessel with small size volume", such as the superior mesenteric and coeliac arteries, were concerned solely with the target organ in the gastrointestinal area, and therefore evaluation of alterations in these single arterial BFs under various states was sometimes limited to "small blood volumes", even though there was a relatively large change in flow. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At present, angiography remains the standard imaging approach for detecting fibromuscular dysplasia/arterial stenoses and aneurysms, though its role is being redefined. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] Bowel ischemia is mainly a disease of old age caused by atheroma of mesenteric vessels. (medscape.com)
  • CT is the single best test after plain radiography because it can exclude many other causes of abdominal pain and can also establish the diagnosis of intestinal ischemia. (medscape.com)
  • Ultrasonography is a noninvasive technique that may provide useful information, particularly in investigating chronic mesenteric ischemia. (medscape.com)
  • It is unlikely to be conclusive in excluding mesenteric ischemia. (medscape.com)
  • Signs and symptoms of chronic intestinal ischemia can include: Abdominal cramps or fullness, usually within 30 minutes after eating, and lasting one to three hours. (onteenstoday.com)
  • The diagnostic and prognostic information available from captopril renography and the increasing availability of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) have reduced the use of renal arteriography as a diagnostic tool, except in evaluating kidneys with intrarenal branch-artery stenoses and those with complex vascular anatomy, including multiple accessory arteries. (medscape.com)
  • MRA provides accurate information about the number of renal arteries, the size of the kidneys, and the presence of anatomic variants. (medscape.com)
  • In patients with atrial fibrillation and abdominal pain, CT may identify infarcts in the kidneys, spleen, gallbladder and bowel. (svuhradiology.ie)
  • The abdominal aorta provides blood to the abdominal structures, such as the testes, ovaries, kidneys, and stomach. (wordinfo.info)
  • The clinical manifestations reflect the arteries involved and most commonly include hypertension caused by renal-artery stenosis (RAS) or strokes from carotid artery disease. (medscape.com)
  • CTA with maximum intensity projection (MIP) and quantitative measurement of stenosis is an accurate noninvasive technique for diagnosing fibromuscular dysplasia/stenosis of the visceral arteries, regardless of the etiology. (medscape.com)
  • Abdomen - University of Manitoba Anatomy figure: 39:01-02 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Branches of the superior mesenteric artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • The aorta runs from your heart through the center of your chest and abdomen. (onteenstoday.com)
  • The abdominal aorta begins at the diaphragm, splitting to become the paired iliac arteries in the lower abdomen. (onteenstoday.com)
  • Pain may be in the abdomen, back, or legs, depending on which artery is blocked. (msdmanuals.com)
  • CT scan of abdomen showing decreased aorto-mesenteric distance. (journalmc.org)
  • The conjoined sheet-like tendons of the oblique and transverse muscles of the abdomen: In Susan's class at college she learned about abdominal aponeurosis and why the fibrous membrane was necessary for the functions to the body. (wordinfo.info)
  • A bandage or elasticized wrap that is applied around the lower part of the torso to support the abdomen: An abdominal binder is sometimes applied after surgery to decrease discomfort, and so it increases a patient's ability to begin ambulatory or walking activities and and to increase recovery. (wordinfo.info)
  • Eric Peden, MD, and Manuel Rojo, MD, demonstrate an exploratory laparotomy and mesenteric artery and heptaic artery bypass. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Cardiopulmonary bypass was established with the right common carotid artery and internal jugular vein and the infected conduit was replaced with larger-sized one under electrically-induced ventricular fibrillation. (or.jp)
  • If the tumor is wrapped around those aorta, then it's very difficult to bypass it. (ianswertoyou.com)
  • Depending on the location of the aneurysm, cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (arch), cardiopulmonary bypass (ascending), or left heart bypass (thoracic) may be required. (keehealthcare.com)
  • Cardiac procedures consisted of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (n = 4), aortic valve replacement (n = 3), mitral valve plasty (n = 2), total arch replacement (n = 1), and descending aorta replacement (n = 1). (go.jp)
  • To ascertain the influence of technique of coronary button implantation in patients undergoing Bentall's procedure with respect to survival, re-exploration for bleeding, anastomotic complications of proximal and distal aortic suture lines, formation of coronary aneurysm and pseudo-aneurysm, kinking and coronary ostial narrowing. (jsurgery.com)
  • The modified open button technique and proximal aortic conduit suturing is associated with reduced perioperative bleeding, no aneurysm or pseudo-aneurysm formation at the coronary and distal aortic anastomoses. (jsurgery.com)
  • This 52-year-old man presented with pain in the left upper quadrant and was found to have a 3.2-cm aneurysm of the distal splenic artery. (medscape.com)
  • This ultrasound is used to determine the location and severity of narrowing of the extremity artery, if a blockage is indicated. (rochesterregional.org)
  • Ultrasound imaging as an imaging modality for the abdominal aorta (AA) is highly valuable due to its high diagnostic yield coupled with advantages that include a noninvasive approach, cost-effectiveness, capability for point-of-care imaging, absence of procedure-related complications, lack of ionizing radiation and iodinated contrast use, and relatively short procedural duration. (emedicalacademy.com)
  • Abdominal ultrasound is performed with 1.5- to 6.5-MHz curved-array probes that have a large footprint, wide beam point, and convex beam shape, thus allowing a wide field of view and optimal imaging of the AA. (emedicalacademy.com)
  • The aim of this article is to describe the spectrum of imaging findings of the various mesenteric lesions using ultrasound and CT. (sajr.org.za)
  • Evaluation of the mesentery is often neglected during routine ultrasound (US) because of inadequate training and unfamiliarity with the common US features encountered with mesenteric disease. (sajr.org.za)
  • Understanding the characteristic radiological patterns on ultrasound (USG) and CT offers valuable insights for differential diagnoses of mesenteric lesions and their treatment. (sajr.org.za)
  • BF Ab can be determined theoretically using Doppler ultrasound by subtracting BF in the bilateral proximal femoral arteries (FAs) from BF in the upper abdominal aorta (Ao) above the coeliac trunk. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Vascular services deal with imaging of the body's network of blood vessels, which includes the arteries, veins and capillaries that carry blood to and from the heart. (rochesterregional.org)
  • We also sometimes can't do surgery [when the tumor] involves the great blood vessels, the superior mesenteric vein and superior mesenteric artery. (ianswertoyou.com)
  • To decrease surgery time, these three vessels can be treated as a single vessel by using part of the patient's native aorta to create an island. (keehealthcare.com)
  • Thoracic aneurysms require special care to protect the spinal vessels that supply blood to the spinal cord. (keehealthcare.com)
  • Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is an uncommon angiopathy of uncertain etiology associated with heterogeneous histologic changes that may affect the carotid and vertebral circulation, visceral arteries, and peripheral arteries. (medscape.com)
  • In human anatomy, the marginal artery of the colon, also known as the marginal artery of Drummond, the artery of Drummond, and simply as the marginal artery, is an artery that connects the inferior mesenteric artery with the superior mesenteric artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • The marginal artery runs in the mesentery close to the large intestine as part of the vascular arcade that connects the superior mesenteric artery and the inferior mesenteric artery. (wikipedia.org)
  • This means that the inferior mesenteric artery does not have to be re-implanted (re-attached) into the repaired abdominal aorta in abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. (wikipedia.org)
  • When you eat, your heart pumps extra blood to your stomach and small intestine through your aorta. (onteenstoday.com)
  • The superior mesenteric artery branches from the abdominal aorta inferior to the celiac trunk and provides oxygenated blood to most of the small intestine and the proximal large intestine. (onteenstoday.com)
  • The mesentery is a broad fan-shaped fold of peritoneum that suspends the loops of small intestine from the posterior abdominal wall. (sajr.org.za)
  • At a mean follow-up of 161.6±69.9 months, the actuarial survival was 92.6±0.02% (95% CI: 86.9%-96.1) and there were no anastomotic aneurysm or pseudo-aneurysm formation, no kinking of the coronary ostia or ostial narrowing. (jsurgery.com)
  • Problems encountered with these techniques include bleeding from the proximal conduit implant site and reattached coronary artery origins, suture line disruption, coronary artery distortion and late development of pseudoaneurysms 6-14 . (jsurgery.com)
  • Ascending aortic aneurysms may involve the aortic valve or coronary arteries. (keehealthcare.com)
  • The stomach is supplied by a rich system of arteries derived from the celiac trunk, the first major visceral branch of the abdominal aorta. (onteenstoday.com)
  • Zenith t-Branch is a one-size prosthesis that has four downward-oriented branches dedicated to the visceral arteries: celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and both RAs. (viamedica.pl)
  • The study found that short-term crude, or actual, survival rates improved among patients who underwent surgery to repair a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. (onteenstoday.com)
  • On average, patients who underwent repair for a ruptured aneurysm lived 5.4 years after surgery. (onteenstoday.com)
  • AORTA - Official Journal of the Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven Hospital is devoted to diseases of the aorta, both thoracic and abdominal with both occlusive and aneurysm disease being covered. (thieme.com)
  • Risk of clot formation and rupture of the aneurysm, seen in 50% of cases, as well as dilation to a size greater than 4 in (10 cm) promote repair of the aneurysm by surgical techniques. (keehealthcare.com)
  • Conclusion: This clot engineering approach to aneurysm sac embolization at the time of endografting appears to be safe and may spare the patient a repeated catheter-based intervention or surgical procedure. (slideshare.net)
  • This time frame was not acceptable in urgent cases of symptomatic or ruptured aneurysms. (viamedica.pl)
  • In unstable patients, there may not be time for placement of closure devices prior to sheath placement, and the femoral arteries can be exposed and primarily repaired at the end of the case. (thoracickey.com)
  • Rapid percutaneous femoral access is followed by the placement of a stiff wire into the descending thoracic aorta followed by a 12 French introducer sheath, and an occlusion balloon as described by Li et al. (thoracickey.com)
  • Sudden blockage of the lower aorta where it divides into the common iliac arteries causes both legs to suddenly become painful, pale, and cold. (msdmanuals.com)
  • We showed with both experience and theory that Korotkoff sounds are paradoxically not sound waves emerging from the brachial artery but rather shear vibrations conveyed in surrounding tissues by the nonlinear pulse wave propagation. (bvsalud.org)
  • After insertion of a long (380 cm) hydrophilic guidewire passing through the left brachial artery and femoral artery, the long 12F sheath was introduced through the left axillary artery. (viamedica.pl)
  • However, target artery cannulation and connection with the bridging stents can be challenging in unfavourable anatomy. (viamedica.pl)