CatalyticProteinsAuxiliary subunitsSignalosomeHelicaseProteasomePeripheralLigaseReceptorEncodesMusculusMacromolecularEukaryoticClathrinProtein complexAlphaExosomeMediateMitochondrialEnzymeMembraneMammalianMolecular weightMutationsMicroscopySwiss-ProtSequenceNuclearSodiumDehydrogenaseBetaDegradationConformational changesStructuralIonsImportant rolesRespiratoryKinase
Catalytic5
- Orthologous to human PIK3C2A (phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 2 alpha). (nih.gov)
- Unlike the clan CA cysteine proteases, the catalytic histidine in caspase-3 plays a critical role during protonation and subsequent ring opening of the epoxide moiety and facilitates the nucleophilic attack by the active site cysteine. (rcsb.org)
- A favorable network of hydrogen bonds involving the oxyanion hole, catalytic histidine, and the atoms in the prime site of the inhibitor enhance the binding affinity and specificity of the aza-peptide epoxide inhibitors toward caspase-3. (rcsb.org)
- The catalytic core of this unusually large (2000kDa, 450Å in length) complex is formed by the 20S proteasome, a barrel shaped structure shown by electron microscopy to comprise of four rings each containing seven subunits. (enzolifesciences.com)
- Catalytic subunit of the neuronal tubulin polyglutamylase complex. (novusbio.com)
Proteins5
- Together, these proteins constitute a new cofactor complex. (novusbio.com)
- Functional proteomics is aimed to understand proteins' biological function and their regulation by studying protein-protein interactions within and among multiprotein complexes through affinity purification and mass spectrometric analysis. (mdanderson.org)
- Because of the low abundance of most native ion channel proteins in mammalian cells, the purified native ion channel complexes are commonly contaminated by an overwhelming number and/or amount of non-specifically co-purified proteins, which makes the downstream mass-spectrometric and functional analyses very difficult. (mdanderson.org)
- These proteins form heterodimeric receptor complexes that mediate class II cytokine signals. (rndsystems.com)
- If the membrane-anchor is missing or defective, Fp and Ip subunits accumulate as soluble proteins in the cytoplasm. (lu.se)
Auxiliary subunits1
- Latest proteomic research shows that native ion channels commonly exist as a large functional unit of "signaling complex" consisting of the ion-conducting pore subunits, variable peripheral auxiliary subunits, and interacting protein partners. (mdanderson.org)
Signalosome2
- COP9 signalosome complex subunit 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COPS3 gene. (wikipedia.org)
- It encodes a subunit of the COP9 signalosome. (wikipedia.org)
Helicase3
- Eukaryotic DNA repair helicase RAD3/ERCC-2, an ATP-dependent 5'-3' DNA helicase involved in nucleotide excision repair of UV-damaged DNA. (embl.de)
- Eukaryotic TFIIH basal transcription factor complex helicase XPB subunit. (embl.de)
- An ATP-dependent 3'-5' DNA helicase which is a component of the core-TFIIH basal transcription factor, involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) of DNA and, when complexed to CAK, in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II. (embl.de)
Proteasome3
- Recognizes the γ subunit of proteasome activator 11S. (enzolifesciences.com)
- The native protein substrates are recognised by subunits, some with ATP binding sites, of the outer 19S caps of the 26S proteasome.A second activator which can associate with the 20S proteasome in the absence of ATP is known as PA28 or the 11S regulator. (enzolifesciences.com)
- Western blot analysis of HeLa cell lysate using Proteasome activator 11S gamma subunit, pAb (Prod. (enzolifesciences.com)
Peripheral1
- The etiology of the severe peripheral neuropathy of trifunctional protein deficiency may result from the unique metabolite, 3-keto-acyl-CoA, after conversion to a methylketone via spontaneous decarboxylation. (medscape.com)
Ligase3
- Using activity-guided purification of tRNA ligase from HeLa cell extracts, we identified HSPC117, a member of the UPF0027 (RtcB) family, as the essential subunit of a tRNA ligase complex. (nih.gov)
- Biochemical reconstitution demonstrates that the mammalian complex possesses inherent E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, using Ube2H as its cognate E2. (elifesciences.org)
- Particularly in yeast, an organism where gluconeogenesis and glycolytic activity are intermittently coordinated, the multi-subunit GID E3 ligase complex specifically targets the surplus of gluconeogenic enzymes, including the conserved Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (Fbp1), for proteasomal degradation. (elifesciences.org)
Receptor4
- To achieve this, the neuronal SNARE (i.e., soluble N -ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) complex brings the vesicle and presynaptic membranes in close proximity, thereby, mediating the fusion of the two membranes resulting in exocytosis of neurotransmitters. (nature.com)
- The role of nuclear-receptor ligands may, in part, be to recruit such a cofactor complex to the receptor and, in doing so, to enhance transcription of target genes. (novusbio.com)
- We undertook this study to investigate receptor (IL-2R) accumulation is related to whether the cytokine accumulation in PCs the leukocyte content of the platelet comc obtained from single apheresis donors was ponent and can be reduced by prestorage beyond the acceptable limits of WBC conc leukocyte depletion [ 3 ]. (who.int)
- Subunits of the different receptor complexes are shared and serve multiple functions (1). (rndsystems.com)
Encodes1
- This gene encodes a component of the spindle and kinetochore-associated protein complex that regulates microtubule attachment to the kinetochores during mitosis. (antibodies-online.com)
Musculus1
- Mus musculus L antigen family, member 3 (Lage3), mRNA. (genscript.com)
Macromolecular3
- MMDB and VAST+: tracking structural similarities between macromolecular complexes. (nih.gov)
- Accessory subunits are known to provide a structural role, in which they stabilise the assembly of large macromolecular complexes. (helsinki.fi)
- Macromolecular complex annotations are imported from the Complex Portal . (yeastgenome.org)
Eukaryotic1
- Crystal structure of an RNA-bound 11-subunit eukaryotic exosome complex. (mpg.de)
Clathrin1
- clathrin assembly protein complex 1, me. (cornell.edu)
Protein complex1
- Previous studies have indicated that KIN17 is involved in global genome repair, DNA replication, transcription and regulation of the cell cycle as part of a multi-protein complex. (spandidos-publications.com)
Alpha7
- Accordingly, Syntaxin-1 and Synaptobrevin-2 each contribute one and SNAP25 contributes two alpha-helices to the ternary SNARE complex. (nature.com)
- It forms αβ heterodimers with the CD11 alpha subunits ITGAL (αL aka CD11a forming integrin LFA-1), ITGAM (αM aka CD11b, forming integrin Mac-1) and ITGAX (αX aka CD11c, forming integrin p150/95). (guidetopharmacology.org)
- IFN‑ alpha / beta R1, in association with IFN‑ alpha / beta R2, is required for propagating anti‑microbial signal transduction triggered by the type 1 interferons such as IFN‑ alpha and IFN‑ beta (2, 3). (rndsystems.com)
- Ligands preferentially associate with IFN‑ alpha / beta R2, and this complex subsequently forms a stable ternary assembly with IFN‑ alpha / beta R1 (5‑7). (rndsystems.com)
- IFN‑ alpha / beta ‑R1 also associates with IFN‑ gamma R2 even in the absence of IFN‑ gamma stimulation (3). (rndsystems.com)
- The protein is an octamer composed of 4 alpha subunits that contain the LCEH and long-chain 3-hydroxy acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase activities, and 4 beta subunits that contain the LCKT activity. (medscape.com)
- The genes for the alpha and beta subunits have been localized to chromosome 2. (medscape.com)
Exosome1
- RNA degradation paths in a 12-subunit nuclear exosome complex. (mpg.de)
Mediate3
- The DRIPs are almost indistinguishable from components of another cofactor complex called ARC, which is recruited by other types of transcription activators to mediate transactivation on chromatin-assembled templates. (novusbio.com)
- The flavin together with the iron-sulfur clusters function to mediate electron transfer from the dicarboxylate binding site on the Fp subunit to the membrane-anchor domain where quinone is reduced to quinol. (lu.se)
- Flavinylation of Fp in B. subtilis does not require the Ip subunit or the membrane anchor but depends on folding of the Fp polypeptide into a state that can bind FAD and subsequent mediate covalent binding of the FAD [3, 4]. (lu.se)
Mitochondrial3
- The first component of this biological battery is mitochondrial complex I, a very large 1-mega-Dalton protein. (helsinki.fi)
- The work highlights the strength of combining structural biology approaches with molecular simulations in explaining the functioning of mitochondrial complex I, an enzyme of central importance in biological energy conversion and of biomedical relevance. (helsinki.fi)
- Long-chain 3-hydroxy acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (LCHAD) is 1 of 3 enzymatic activities that make up the trifunctional protein of the inner mitochondrial membrane. (medscape.com)
Enzyme6
- By combining the power of structural biology, biochemistry and multiscale molecular simulations, researchers from Germany and Finland found a key role of an accessory subunit in energy production by respiratory complex I, a central bioenergetic enzyme. (helsinki.fi)
- In this study, researchers from Goethe University and the Max Planck Institute for Biophysics, Frankfurt, Germany, and the Department of Physics, University of Helsinki (UH), Finland studied the functioning of complex I by focusing on one accessory subunit of the enzyme (NDUFA6/LYRM6). (helsinki.fi)
- We have analysed the crystal structure of the native enzyme at 1.95 Angstroms resolution using multiple isomorphous replacement (MIR) and, subsequently, the ternary enzyme product complex with APS and PPi bound to the active site. (rcsb.org)
- The enzyme consists of six identical subunits arranged in two stacked rings in a D:3 symmetric assembly. (rcsb.org)
- This enzyme complex metabolizes long-chain fatty acids, and the long-chain 3-hydroxy acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase activity is specific for compounds of C12-C16 chain length. (medscape.com)
- Succinate:quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) is both a Krebs´ citric acid cycle enzyme and a component (Complex II) of the respiratory chain in aerobic cells. (lu.se)
Membrane6
- The PI 3-kinase PI3KC2α regulates mouse platelet membrane structure and function independently of membrane lipid composition. (nih.gov)
- The SNARE complex assembles from vesicular Synaptobrevin-2 as well as Syntaxin-1 and SNAP25 both anchored to the presynaptic membrane. (nature.com)
- Ion channels are membrane protein complexes that translocate ions across cell or organelle membranes, underlying a broad range of the most basic physiological processes from nerve and muscle excitability, to membrane potential setting, pH/cell volume regulation, secretion and absorption. (mdanderson.org)
- In the Fp subunit of SQR, and the closely related membrane-associated fumarate reductase of anaerobic organisms, FAD is covalently attached via an 8α-N(3)-histidyl linkage to a histidine (His) in a conserved sequence in the N-terminal part of the polypeptide. (lu.se)
- SQR in E. coli and B. subtilis can be assembled in the membrane without covalently bound FAD but are enzymatically inactive [3, 4, 6]. (lu.se)
- Notably, certain B. subtilis mutants with mutated Fp lack covalently bound flavin and do not assemble the SQR polypeptides in the membrane [3]. (lu.se)
Mammalian2
- Neil Hunter and colleagues show that RNF212 is essential for crossing-over during mammalian meiosis and functions to couple chromosome synapsis to the formation of crossover-specific recombination complexes. (nature.com)
- Here, we identified all subunits of the mammalian GID/CTLH complex and provide a comprehensive map of its hierarchical organization and step-wise assembly. (elifesciences.org)
Molecular weight1
- These subunits, with an apparent relative molecular weight of approximately 29kDa, form ringlike heteromeric complexes of ~200kDa possibly with an α 3 β 3 stoichiometry. (enzolifesciences.com)
Mutations4
- Jake Gratten and colleagues discuss challenges in interpreting the role of de novo mutations in neuropsychiatric and other complex diseases. (nature.com)
- Heymut Omran, Mary Porter and colleagues identify the nexin link-dynein regulatory complex subunit DRC1 from Chlamydomonas and show that mutations in the human DRC1 homolog CCDC164 cause primary ciliary dyskinesia. (nature.com)
- 1987) Heterogeneous mutations in the beta subunit common to the LFA-1, Mac-1, and p150,95 glycoproteins cause leukocyte adhesion deficiency. (guidetopharmacology.org)
- Mutations in KEOPS-complex genes cause nephrotic syndrome with primary microcephaly. (genscript.com)
Microscopy1
- Here we report the reconstruction using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy of the complex between subunits BchD and BchI of Rhodobacter capsulatus Mg-chelatase in the presence of ADP, the nonhydrolyzable ATP analog AMPPNP, and ATP at 7.5 A, 14 A, and 13 A resolution, respectively. (lu.se)
Swiss-Prot1
- A synthetic peptide that maps to a region between residues 1 and 50 of human Cofactor Required for Sp1 transcriptional activation, subunit 3 using the numbering given in Swiss-Prot entry Q9ULK4 (GeneID 9439). (novusbio.com)
Sequence2
- While the general sequence of SNARE complex formation is well-established, our knowledge on possible intermediates and stable off-pathway complexes is incomplete. (nature.com)
- The Fp and Ip subunits are both very conserved with respect to composition and polypeptide sequence [1]. (lu.se)
Nuclear1
- The pure PA28 activator is a complex of two alternating subunits, PA28α and PA28β, which share approximately 50% homology but also show considerable similarity (30-40%) to a nuclear protein of unknown function, the Ki autoantigen (now referred to as PA28γ). (enzolifesciences.com)
Sodium3
- Sodium channel β1 subunits modulate α subunit gating and cell surface expression and participate in cell adhesive interactions in vitro . (jneurosci.org)
- Our results show that β1 subunits play important roles in the regulation of sodium channel density and localization, are involved in axo-glial communication at nodes of Ranvier, and are required for normal action potential conduction and control of excitability in vivo . (jneurosci.org)
- β1 subunits affect sodium channel gating and cell surface expression when expressed in heterologous cells in vitro . (jneurosci.org)
Dehydrogenase5
- Affected infants with long-chain 3-hydroxy acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency, which is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, present in infancy with acute hypoketotic hypoglycemia. (medscape.com)
- Some patients who are deficient in all 3 enzymatic activities of the protein have been described, although most have an isolated long-chain 3-hydroxy acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency, which results in the inability to metabolize long-chain fatty acids. (medscape.com)
- Patients with long-chain 3-hydroxy acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency may develop a profound CNS deficiency of docosahexanoic acid ethyl ester (DHA), 22:6n-3. (medscape.com)
- Occurrence frequency of either isolated long-chain 3-hydroxy acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase activity deficiency or trifunctional protein deficiency is unknown in the United States. (medscape.com)
- Patients with long-chain 3-hydroxy acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase activity deficiency usually present with hypoketotic hypoglycemia, cardiomyopathy, hypotonia, and hepatomegaly at a median age of 6 months. (medscape.com)
Beta1
- The studies also reveal that subtle movements of the N-terminal loop of the beta-subunit occur when the P4 Asp is replaced by a P4 Ile, whereas the N-terminal loop and the safety catch Asp179 are completely disordered when the P4 Asp is replaced by P4 Cbz group. (rcsb.org)
Degradation1
- SKI2 has a role in the 3'-mRNA degradation pathway, repressing dsRNA virus propagation by specifically blocking translation of viral mRNAs, perhaps recognizing the absence of CAP or poly(A). (embl.de)
Conformational changes1
- The reconstructions demonstrate substantial differences between the conformations of the complex in the presence of ATP and ADP, and suggest that the C-terminal integrin-I domains of the BchD subunits play a central role in transmitting conformational changes of BchI to BchD. (lu.se)
Structural3
- The five crystal structures of caspase-3-aza-peptide epoxide inhibitor complexes reported here reveal the structural basis for the mechanism of inhibition and the specificities at the S1' and the S4 subsites. (rcsb.org)
- Structural insights into the nucleic acid remodeling mechanisms of the yeast THO-Sub2 complex. (mpg.de)
- Structural Model of a CRISPR RNA-Silencing Complex Reveals the RNA-Target Cleavage Activity in Cmr4. (mpg.de)
Ions1
- Literature data on equilibria between solid calcium phosphates having the apatite structure and aqueous solutions containing Na + and CO 3 2- ions were reexamined in view of the present data about the complexation of ions in such systems. (degruyter.com)
Important roles1
- These results suggest that, as channel modulators, β subunits play important roles in control of electrical signaling and, as CAMs, β subunits act as critical communication links between extracellular and intracellular signaling molecules. (jneurosci.org)
Respiratory1
- Why is Bacillus subtilis respiratory Complex II not assembled when produced in Escherichia coli? (lu.se)