2018 host pathogen interactions. Medical search. Frequent questions

Progress with HDT development has been slowed down by the limited understanding of host-pathogen interactions during Mtb infection. (europa.eu)
This novel approach will dissect crucial mechanisms of host-pathogen interaction during Mtb infection and will point to new targets for HDTs of TB. (europa.eu)
Dissemination of pathogens from a primary site of colonization or infection can occur via different routes, including lymphatic vessels and the blood stream ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, we previously established an ex vivo human whole-blood infection model that allowed us to define which immune cells interact with the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans ( 4 ), to identify cross-talk between different components of the host response ( 5 ), and to detect substantial differences between related fungal pathogens ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
The central nervous system (CNS) is extremely resistant to infection by bacterial pathogens due to a combination of protective effects of its bony structures (skull and vertebral column), the meninges, and the blood-brain barrier. (medscape.com)
A subset of plant intracellular NLR immune receptors detect effector proteins, secreted by phytopathogens to promote infection, through unconventional integrated domains which resemble the effector's host targets. (elifesciences.org)
The organisms studied in dual-species transcriptomics experiments are present in different relative abundances and while the read proportions between the two organisms differ by system, most infection models, particularly biologically relevant models, have the total RNA content of the host vastly outnumbering microbe [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The inability to accurately characterize phloem responses to CLas infection remains a significant impediment to understanding CLas-host interactions and to identifying gene targets for engineering resistance. (usda.gov)
The problematic opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of infection in patients with underlying or immunocompromising conditions. (elifesciences.org)
However, clearance of an infection is not only dependent on the ability of the host to induce an immune response following pathogen recognition, but also on the strategies of the pathogen to evade immune defense mechanisms and to express pathogenicity factors allowing them to establish a niche in the host. (elifesciences.org)
My main research interest is to explore structural and molecular level mechanism of host-pathogen interactions during an infection, and how pathogens use defined virulence determinants to target central components of the host's immune system. (lu.se)
Importantly, knowledge about host-pathogen protein-protein interactions occurring during the infection cycle and high-resolution structural data on the formed complexes is often a prerequisite for drug and vaccine development. (lu.se)
Understanding the interaction patterns between a particular virus and human proteins plays a crucial role in unveiling the underlying mechanism of viral infection and pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Virus infection involves several types of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between the virus and its host. (biomedcentral.com)
Climate induced physiological changes that occur in the host and influence mycotoxins and/or Fusarium infection will be useful as markers in plant breeding programs aimed at developing climate resilient fungal resistance strategies. (usda.gov)
Etebari, K., Gharuka, M., Asgari, S. & Furlong, M.J. (2021) Diverse host immune responses of different geographical populations of the coconut rhinoceros beetle to Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV) infection. (insect-host-pathogen.org)
[ 10 ] Survival of the bacillus in nature depends on flea-rodent interaction, and human infection does not contribute to the bacteria's persistence in nature. (medscape.com)

In 2018, Melanie Blokesch was nominated as new member of the the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) National Research Council (starting date: April 2019). (epfl.ch)
With the pathogen SARS-CoV-2, a novel virus that can cause respiratory diseases and pneumonia has been spreading worldwide since the end of 2019. (helmholtz-hzi.de)

Currently, he is the leader of the Chromosome 19 Mexican team (C-HPP), a member of the HUPO Awards Central Committee (since 2018), and was Chair of the HUPO-2022 Congress, celebrated in Cancun, Mexico. (hupo.org)
Juan Carlos De la Concepcion et al, A blast fungus zinc-finger fold effector binds to a hydrophobic pocket in host Exo70 proteins to modulate immune recognition in rice, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2022). (phys.org)

Combination of microbiome analysis and serodiagnostics to assess the risk of pathogen transmission by ticks to humans and animals in central Germany. (cdc.gov)
Cross-alteration of the vertebrate host skin microbiome and the tick microbiome may be essential during the process of tick feeding and for the mechanism of pathogen transmission. (biomedcentral.com)
Several pathogens including tick-borne pathogens ( Borrelia/Borreliella , Anaplasma , Neoehrlichia , Rickettsia ) and opportunistic bacteria ( Williamsia ) were transmitted to the skin microbiome and some of them disseminated to the blood or spleen of the mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Host skin microbiome at the bite site was deeply impacted by the tick bite, to an extent which suggests a role in the tick feeding, in the pathogen transmission, and a potentially important impact on the skin physiopathology. (biomedcentral.com)

Scientists at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are using information about human, vector, and pathogen genomes to tackle diverse public health problems, from newborn metabolic disorders to infectious disease outbreaks . (cdc.gov)

We demonstrate that not only the presence of pathogen inherent molecular patterns induces immune responses, but that bacterial motility is linked to a host-cell-induced expression of additional immune modulators. (elifesciences.org)
NLR receptors belong to a family of proteins that enable plants to sense the presence of pathogen effector molecules and mount an immune response to resist disease. (phys.org)

Friesen, M. L. Social evolution and cheating in plant pathogens. (nature.com)

Currently, the mechanisms of interactions or of defense against potential pathogens are often described at the molecular level. (bmj.com)

In the United States, the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis has changed dramatically in the last few decades, primarily due to the introduction of vaccination against common meningeal pathogens. (medscape.com)

The deficiency of immunologic components in the CNS is crucial, as specific antibody and complement components are essential for opsonization of encapsulated bacterial pathogens and their efficient phagocytosis and elimination. (medscape.com)
Advances in Clinical Sample Preparation for Identification and Characterization of Bacterial Pathogens Using Metagenomics. (cdc.gov)

A mechanism used by a fungal pathogen to promote spread of the devastating cereal crop disease, blast, has been revealed in fine detail. (phys.org)

The two laureats: Sigolène Meilhac, head of the Heart Morphogenesis 5-year group at the Institut Pasteur and Jost Enninga, head of the Institut Pasteur's Dynamics of Host-Pathogen Interactions Unit. (pasteur.fr)
Jost Enninga is a director of research at the Institut Pasteur where he manages the Dynamics of Host-Pathogen Interactions unit. (pasteur.fr)
Viral dynamics within plant hosts can be important for understanding plant disease prevalence and impacts. (aimsciences.org)

The coronaviruses are a family of viruses that includes a series of very different pathogens. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
However, the task of predicting protein-protein interactions between a new virus and human cells is extremely challenging due to scarce data on virus-human interactions and fast mutation rates of most viruses. (biomedcentral.com)
Viruses infect all life forms and require host cells to complete their replication cycle by utilizing the host cell machinery. (biomedcentral.com)
In this work, we cast the problem of predicting virus-human protein interactions as a binary classification problem and focus specifically on emerging viruses that has limited experimentally verified interaction data. (biomedcentral.com)
Towards predicting virus-host PPI, some known interactions of other human viruses collected from wet-lab experiments are employed as training data. (biomedcentral.com)
Nevertheless, ticks are the vectors that transmit the widest variety of pathogens (bacteria, viruses and parasites) in the world. (anses.fr)

Jost Enninga's research relates to host-pathogenic bacteria interactions at cellular and molecular level. (pasteur.fr)
His team's work identified molecular cascades used by certain types of intracellular bacteria such as Shigella flexneri , Salmonella enterica , and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, enabling them to access the host cell cytosol. (pasteur.fr)
Bacteria database (VFDB) and Pathogen-Host Interactions database (PHI). (cdc.gov)
Non-motile bacteria are more immunogenic due to a lower expression of arnT upon host-cell contact, but do not produce spermidine and are phagocytosed less. (elifesciences.org)
Experimental results show that our proposed model works effectively for both virus-human and bacteria-human protein-protein interaction prediction tasks. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, the current understanding is that some gut bacteria may also achieve this goal by communicating with human cells and mostly by promoting immune interactions. (bmj.com)

Furthermore, the ability of the pathogen to build biofilms and to persist e.g. in the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients facilitates the establishment of chronic infections, which are largely recalcitrant to antimicrobial therapies. (elifesciences.org)
ABSTRACT Galleria mellonella is a well-accepted insect model for the study of pathogen-host interactions and antimicrobial compounds. (embrapa.br)

2021). Article 14: The specificity of host-pathogen interactions with emphasis on the specific inhibitor enzyme synthesized in the invasion-defense process. (natural-foundation-science.org)
Bishop, C. & Asgari, S. (2021) Altered gene expression profile of Wolbachia pipientis w AlbB strain following transinfection from its native host Aedes albopictus to Aedes aegypti cells. (insect-host-pathogen.org)

These receptors detect effector proteins which are delivered into host cells by invading pathogens and pests to promote virulence. (elifesciences.org)
Discovering how pathogens target plant hosts to promote virulence is essential if we are to understand how diseases develop, in addition to engineering immunity. (phys.org)

The hematogenous is by far the most frequent route for systemic infections of various bacterial and fungal pathogens, in the most severe cases leading to blood stream infections ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
The new factor, an enzyme involved in host-pathogen interactions, may be a viable target for treating staph infections. (vanderbilt.edu)
against intestinal infections, Bacteroides -derived metabolites can also be utilized by pathogens," Westermann explains. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
Our investigators study all aspects of infectious disease ranging from the fundamental science of microbial pathogens to the clinical outcomes of the infections they cause. (imperial.ac.uk)

Host-directed therapies (HDTs) can improve immune mechanisms by augmenting the ability of host cells to kill M. tuberculosis (Mtb) or by modulating the immune response to prevent excessive inflammation, cell death and tissue damage. (europa.eu)
Host defense mechanisms that are normally seen in other areas of the body are inadequate in the CNS for preventing bacterial replication and progression of the disease process. (medscape.com)
With over 20 years of laboratory and research experience in molecular biology, infectious diseases, bioinformatics, food safety, risk study, and vaccine study, she has initiated, directed, and completed numerous research projects and programs, particularly associated with developing pathogen detection methods and for investigating bacterial pathogen-host cell interaction and pathogenic mechanisms. (hoepli.it)
Probiotics are commensal or nonpathogenic microbes that confer beneficial effects on the host through several mechanisms such as competitive exclusion, antibacterial effects, and modulation of immune responses. (hindawi.com)

Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) Clips Database includes articles on pathogen genomics and host-pathogen interactions in infectious disease control and prevention. (cdc.gov)
This database includes published scientific literature, popular press articles, tools, and databases on the emerging role of pathogen genomics and host-pathogen interactions in infectious disease control and prevention. (cdc.gov)

Furthermore, if bacteremia or fungemia occurs transiently or intermittingly, pathogens might not be detectable in every blood sample during hematogenous dissemination ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
We also investigated by PCR and 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding, the diversity of microorganisms transmitted to the host during the process of tick bite at the skin interface and the dissemination of the pathogen in host tissues (blood, heart, and spleen). (biomedcentral.com)

This study provides genomic resources for functional genetics to help dissect factors underlying the host-pathogen interactions. (edu.au)
Objective 3: Determine the genomic diversity of Fusarium Head Blight pathogens and identify species or population-specific differences in host-pathogen interactions, mycotoxin production, or pathogen fitness under different climatic conditions. (usda.gov)
Sub-objective 3.1: Determine the genomic diversity and population affinities of NX-2 strains in relation to other FHB pathogens in North America, and utilize comparative genomics to identify regions of the genome influenced by adaptive evolution. (usda.gov)

Finally, we transferred the disaggregated PtoDC3000 effector arsenal into Pseudomonas fluorescens and show that their cooperative action was sufficient to convert this rhizosphere-inhabiting beneficial bacterium into a phyllosphere pathogen. (nature.com)
Three studies have shown that this bacterium emerged from the gut pathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis shortly after the first epidemic. (medscape.com)

Her lab applies mass spectrometry-based proteomics to investigate host-pathogen interactions with a focus on One Health approaches to overcoming fungal disease. (hupo.org)

Our results emphasize on the value of integrating microbiological and immunological findings to unravel complex and dynamic host-pathogen interactions. (elifesciences.org)
These results emphasize the importance of microbial community interactions and expand the ecological scale at which disease may be attributed. (nature.com)

However, our understanding of how pathogens interact with cellular and humoral host factors in blood is limited, mainly due to technical issues: While it is relatively easy to study the interaction of pathogens with isolated blood cells, or their survival in serum or plasma, such approaches lack the complexity of interactions between different types of immune cells and additional factors, e.g., complement, present in blood. (frontiersin.org)
Since 2016, she has served as the Sherie L. Morrison Professor Microbiology & Immunology, Professor of Pediatrics, and Professor of Physiology & Cellular Biophysics at Columbia University Medical Center in New York City, where she directs the Center for Host Pathogen Interaction. (wikipedia.org)
Dr. Jennifer Geddes-McAlister joined the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology at the University of Guelph in July 2018 and she was recently awarded tenure and promotion to Associate Professor. (hupo.org)

Asgari, S. (2023) Cross-kingdom RNAi to enhance the efficacy of insect pathogens. (insect-host-pathogen.org)

We demonstrate that upon hitting a host cell, motile Pseudomonas aeruginosa induce a specific gene expression program. (elifesciences.org)
Commensal Pseudomonas strains facilitate protective response against pathogens in the host plant. (nature.com)

We also observed host-dependent differences for interaction of platelets with C. albicans , showing enhanced platelet aggregation, adhesion and activation in murine blood. (frontiersin.org)
Our results reveal substantial differences between murine and human whole-blood models infected with C. albicans and thereby demonstrate limitations in the translatability of this ex vivo model between hosts. (frontiersin.org)

Members of the I. ricinus complex can feed on a wide diversity of hosts including humans, domestic and wild mammals, birds, and reptiles. (biomedcentral.com)

Fig. 4: Effectors are sufficient for converting a beneficial strain into a pathogen. (nature.com)

The opportunistic pathogen may infect virtually any tissue and has evolved as a model to study bacterial adaptation to the conditions within the human host. (elifesciences.org)

PTT has a longer cultivated host association and, notably, a greater range of host-pathogen genetic interactions compared to other Pyrenophora spp. (edu.au)
SCIN infects a broad range of animal species, including horses, humans, pigs, which is evolved into strong adaptiveness through genome modification (such as by gene communications with external genetic segments aiming to host-invasion interactions). (natural-foundation-science.org)
Here we present the first reference genome and transcriptome of C. personatum to support studies in phylogenetics, genetic diversity, pathogenicity, and metabolites of this peanut pathogen. (biomedcentral.com)
[ 9 ] These acquired genetic changes have allowed the pathogen to colonize fleas and to use them as vectors for transmission. (medscape.com)

Using protein structure analysis, the study reveals a tight binding mechanism in which a significant proportion of the effector surface is involved in the interaction with the host target. (phys.org)
It can also correctly predict the protein interaction of cell and tumor information contained in one-core network and crossover network.The SDNN-PPI proposed in this paper not only explores the mechanism of protein-protein interaction, but also provides new ideas for drug design and disease prevention. (biomedcentral.com)

Sub-objective 3.2: Characterize competitive interactions of Fusarium graminearum populations on spring and winter wheat. (usda.gov)

ANSES studies both ticks and the pathogens they transmit, in order to identify and characterise them and combat their harmful effects. (anses.fr)
Ticks are therefore considered "vectors" of pathogens responsible for animal and human diseases. (anses.fr)

Arthropod-borne diseases have long been considered as a three-actor system with complex interactions involving the vector, a single pathogen, and the vertebrate host. (biomedcentral.com)
A comprehensive understanding of host-pathogen interactions is crucial to advance treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. (elifesciences.org)
Identification and description of host-pathogen protein-protein interaction interfaces as potential sites for therapeutic intervention and drug development will have an important role in combatting pathogen mediated diseases. (lu.se)
They are responsible for infectious diseases in humans and animals, and are the main vector of animal pathogens in Europe. (anses.fr)

Virus Evol, Jan 29, 2018. (cdc.gov)

This additional task objective acts as a regularizer and also allows to incorporate domain knowledge to inform the virus-human protein-protein interaction prediction model. (biomedcentral.com)

My primary research focus is on investigating disordered bacterial virulence factors and their interactions with the host's innate immune system. (lu.se)
This AVR-Pii-Exo70 interaction was already known to support disease resistance in rice plants expressing the NLR immune receptor protein pair Pii. (phys.org)

Despite the common co-occurrence of Hx with neural disease, few studies have investigated how pre-exposure to Hx changes the long-term ability of resident CNS macrophages/microglia to respond to a subsequent inflammatory insult, such as pathogen exposure or a sterile inflammatory stimulus. (frontiersin.org)
Many of the characterized resistance (R) genes used to confer disease resistance in crop breeding programs encode NLR proteins ( Kourelis and van der Hoorn, 2018 ). (elifesciences.org)
It has become increasingly evident that host-pathogen interactions are not restricted to a linear sequence of action and reaction, but must involve a more complex crosstalk comprising entire reaction networks to determine the outcome of the disease. (elifesciences.org)
How do tick vectors transmit the pathogens that cause disease? (anses.fr)

In this context, we examine the importance of integrating data on domestic and captive animals and cultivated plants by reviewing interactions with their wild counterparts. (pensoft.net)

Grens K. The Scientist, Jan 9, 2018. (cdc.gov)
Daley J. The Scientist, Jan 25, 2018. (cdc.gov)
Yeager A. The Scientist, Jan 29, 2018. (cdc.gov)
Williams R. The Scientist, Jan 31, 2018. (cdc.gov)

However, the stealthy alleles AVR-PikC and AVR-PikF avoid interaction with Pik-HMA and evade host defenses. (elifesciences.org)

22 ] utilized four categories of protein sequence information (AC, CT, LD, MAC) to encode proteins as feature vectors focusing on dimensionality reduction and proposed a new hierarchical PCA-EELM (principal component analysis-integrated extreme learning machine) model to predict protein interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
There are just under 1,000 species of tick in the world, but only a few are vectors of pathogens. (anses.fr)
Lastly, the dramatic population increase will contribute to conditions of overcrowding and poor sanitation-conditions ripe for the flourishing of plague hosts and vectors. (medscape.com)

Here, we will for the first time use the groundbreaking CRISPR technology to screen the human genome in macrophages infected with Mtb and discover genes that are critically involved in host-pathogen interactions. (europa.eu)
Comparisons of susceptible and resistant phloem cell responses to CLas will identify those genes that are differentially regulated during these host responses. (usda.gov)

Computational approaches can assist in vitro experimentation by providing a list of most probable interactions, which actual biological experimentation techniques can falsify or verify. (biomedcentral.com)

The immunology of enzyme inhibitors synthesized in the host cells are summarized in this article, with case studies in mammal species, insect species, plant species. (natural-foundation-science.org)

Whole-blood models can help to elucidate host-pathogens interactions and have been used for several Candida species in human blood. (frontiersin.org)
For human blood, opsonization was shown to decrease platelet interaction suggesting that complement factors interfere with fungus-to-platelet binding. (frontiersin.org)
Most articles published by CDC authors in 2012-2016-especially those reporting original data-were focused on non-human (mostly pathogen) genomics (Figure 2). (cdc.gov)
We developed a multitask transfer learning approach that exploits the information of around 24 million protein sequences and the interaction patterns from the human interactome to counter the problem of small training datasets. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, we employ an additional objective which aims to maximize the probability of observing human protein-protein interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
In order to verify the generalization ability of SDNN-PPI, a 5-fold cross-validation on the intraspecific interactions dataset of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (core subset) and human is used to measure our model in which the accuracy reaches 95.48% and 98.94% respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
The accuracy of 93.15% and 88.33% are obtained in the interspecific interactions dataset of human-Bacillus Anthracis and Human-Yersinia pestis, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
In November 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO), in collaboration with CDC, hosted an informal consultation on monkeypox with researchers, global health partners, ministries of health, and orthopoxvirus experts to review and discuss human monkeypox in African countries where cases have been recently detected and also identify components of surveillance and response that need improvement. (medscape.com)

Dabei sollen vor allem Gene identifiziert werden, die an der Interaktion mit dem Pathogen beteiligt sind, und die zugehörigen Signalwege umfassend charakterisiert werden. (europa.eu)
this contributes to shutdown of host-cell gene expression. (embl.org)
JCVI projects focus on elucidating gene pathways, understanding host responses and ultimately developing new anti-fungal treatments. (jcvi.org)
CLas is a phloem limited pathogen that manipulates phloem gene regulation to facilitate its life cycle. (usda.gov)

Infection17

20192

20222

Microbiome4

Genomes1

Presence of pathogen2

Plant Pathogens1

Potential pathogens1

Epidemiology1

Bacterial pathogens2

Fungal pathogen1

Dynamics3

Viruses6

Bacteria6

Antimicrobial2

20212

Promote virulence2

Infections4

Mechanisms4

Infectious disease2

Dissemination2

Genomic3

Bacterium2

Proteomics1

Results emphasize2

Cellular3

20231

Pseudomonas2

Murine2

Mammals1

Effectors1

Opportunistic1

Genetic4

Mechanism2

Populations1

Ticks2

Diseases4

Evol1

Protein-protein int1

Immune2

Disease4

Context1

Scientist4

Evade1

Vectors3

Genes2

Approaches1

Insect1

Human8

Gene4