Acute PainPainPain MeasurementPain ManagementPain, PostoperativeAnalgesics, OpioidPain ClinicsPain ThresholdChronic PainAnalgesicsAnalgesiaPain, IntractablePain PerceptionHyperalgesiaAnesthesia Department, HospitalMorphineFacial PainLow Back PainBack PainAcute DiseaseNeuralgiaAbdominal PainNeck PainAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticAnalgesia, Patient-ControlledNociceptorsPelvic PainUnited States Department of DefenseNarcotic AntagonistsPain, ReferredNaloxoneRecovery RoomChronic DiseaseToothacheInjections, SpinalAcupunctureShoulder PainAnesthetics, LocalAnalgesia, EpiduralMusculoskeletal PainBuprenorphineCyclohexanecarboxylic AcidsNarcoticsOpioid-Related DisordersHot TemperatureKetoprofenAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalDiclofenacKetorolacNociceptive PainKetamineCryingFormaldehydeAcetaminophenOxycodoneTreatment OutcomeSpinal CordDouble-Blind MethodGanglia, SpinalLidocaineBehavior, AnimalSkin Physiological PhenomenaCapsaicinOpioid PeptidesTranscutaneous Electric Nerve StimulationFentanylReceptors, OpioidAnesthesiologyPeripheral Nervous System DiseasesEnkephalin, MethionineAnesthetics, DissociativeRats, Sprague-DawleyDexmedetomidineHerpes ZosterQuestionnairesPosterior Horn CellsNerve BlockAminesAnemia, Sickle CellDose-Response Relationship, DrugCarrageenanInfant BehaviorTime FactorsEnkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-Physical StimulationProspective StudiesCold TemperatureInflammationSeverity of Illness IndexHydromorphoneDisease Models, AnimalMyofascial Pain SyndromesReceptors, Opioid, kappaComplex Regional Pain SyndromesEndorphinsVisceral PainTRPV Cation ChannelsEnkephalinsEmergency Service, HospitalAnalysis of Variance