Trophic levelNitrateRatiosFixationOxygenAnalysesMass spectrometryCompositionUrea nitrogenNitrous oxideOrganicMeasurements2000BiogeochemistryDilution2001Carbon nitrogen1987SpeciesUptakeReconstructionSoilLeaf carbonPhosphorusAbstractDataPhysiologicalTissueSpatial1997EcologicalBiodiversityEmissionsTerrestrialBoneNichesLongitudinalValuesSolarStudyProtein
Trophic level2
- This fractionation enables the use of stable nitrogen isotopes (δ 15 N) to infer trophic level, and high δ 15 N recorded in bone collagen usually indicates high-protein diets (Sponheimer et al. (springer.com)
- The heavier stable nitrogen ( 15 N) and stable carbon ( 13 C) isotopes accrue in consumers with an increase in trophic level ( Post, 2002 ). (frontiersin.org)
Nitrate9
- Stable 15 N isotope incubations under dark and anoxic conditions revealed that axenic S. marinoi is able to reduce intracellular nitrate to ammonium that is immediately excreted by the cells. (frontiersin.org)
- Thirty-one percent of the diatom-derived nitrate was converted to nitrogen gas, indicating that a substantial fraction of the intracellular nitrate pool of S. marinoi becomes available to the aggregate-associated bacterial community. (frontiersin.org)
- Hence, aggregate-associated diatoms accumulate nitrate from the surrounding water and sustain complex nitrogen transformations, including loss of fixed nitrogen, in anoxic, pelagic microniches. (frontiersin.org)
- Additionally, it may be expected that intracellular nitrate not converted before the aggregates have settled onto the seafloor could fuel benthic nitrogen transformations. (frontiersin.org)
- lt;p>Nitrate is further subject to microbial activity that can convert it to nitrogen gas (N2)-the non-toxic, odorless gas that comprises 78% of our atmosphere. (caryinstitute.org)
- A 2â ¯mL sample aliquot was digested with an alkaline solution of persulfate to convert nitrogen containing compounds to nitrate . (bvsalud.org)
- Nitrogen isotopic fractionation associated with growth on dinitrogen gas and nitrate by cyanobacteria. (nature.com)
- In this respect, my thesis examines how biochemical and physical processes regulate the distribution of different nitrogen (N) species and their transformation in various marine environments by evaluating the spatial distribution of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of nitrate (NO3-), in combination with a varying set of complementary biogeochemical tracers. (dal.ca)
- Stable isotopes of oxygen and nitrogen in nitrate identification. (wroc.pl)
Ratios9
- Analysis of stable isotope ratios from mineralised tissue has been widely used for dietary reconstruction. (springer.com)
- Stable isotope ratios of a consumer are closely linked to their diet ( Post, 2002 ) and thus are similar to the bionomic niche axis. (frontiersin.org)
- In recent decades, the natural abundances of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (represented as 13 C/ 12 C and 15 N/ 14 N ratios, respectively) have been widely used to probe biogeochemical and ecological processes. (springeropen.com)
- While traditional stable isotope analyses of tooth enamel (e.g., carbon and oxygen) and trace element ratios (e.g. (blueskytccaalibaba.com)
- Measurements of isotopic ratios is an especially daunting undertaking, mainly because of the extreme weakness of the spectral signatures (emissions) of the less abundant species like carbon-13, nitrogen-15, etc. (eso.org)
- 2010). Stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen and mercury concentrations in 13 toothed whale species taken from the western Pacific Ocean off Japan . (oregonstate.edu)
- 2012). Stable isotope ratios and mercury levels in red meat products from baleen whales sold in Japanese markets . (oregonstate.edu)
- I combine NO3- isotope ratios with nitrous oxide (N2O) isotope measurements to identify the origin of the pronounced N-deficit and N2O supersaturation prevalent in deep Baffin Bay. (dal.ca)
- In chapter 4, I use NO3- isotope ratios measured in the Canada Basin and in the Baffin Bay together with hydrographic data and nutrient ratios as a baseline to evaluate the distribution of Pacific- and Atlantic-derived water masses throughout the Arctic Archipelago. (dal.ca)
Fixation4
- Navarro-Gonzalez, R., McKay, C. P. & Mvondo, D. N. A possible nitrogen crisis for Archaean life due to reduced nitrogen fixation by lightning. (nature.com)
- While natural 'background' levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. (umn.edu)
- W. B. Silvester, "Molybdenum Limitation of Asymbiotic nitrogen Fixation in Forests of Pacific Northwest America," Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Vol. 21, No. 2, 1989, pp. 283-289. (scirp.org)
- J. P. Bellenger, T. Wichard, Y. Xu and A. M. L. Kraepiel, "Essential Metals for Nitrogen Fixation in a Free Living N2 Fixing Bacterium: Chelation, Homeostasis and High Use Efficiency," Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 13, No. 6, 2011, pp. 1395-1411. (scirp.org)
Oxygen4
- Sinking aggregates also represent pelagic microniches with intensified microbial activity, oxygen depletion in the center, and anaerobic nitrogen cycling. (frontiersin.org)
- These continental shelf sediments were previously linked to early cyanobacterial oxygen production, and provide a direct test of conflicting hypotheses concerning the importance of nitrogen oxyanions in the Late Archaean era. (nature.com)
- Our data reveal a dominantly anaerobic marine nitrogen cycle in which ammonium-replete ferruginous waters underlay an ephemeral oxygen oasis. (nature.com)
- Restricted oxygen availability could have allowed the upwelling ammonium to reach the photic zone to provide ample nitrogen to fuel a prolific Late Archaean biosphere. (nature.com)
Analyses2
- Here we apply multi-proxy geochemical analyses (Fe speciation, δ 13 C and δ 15 N) to exceptionally well-preserved shales from the approximately 2.7 billion year old Manjeri Formation in the Belingwe Greenstone Belt, Zimbabwe, to evaluate the redox status of Earth's early nitrogen cycle and decipher feedbacks associated with the initial stages of planetary oxygenation. (nature.com)
- Using stomach content data (recent diet) and stable isotope analyses (time-integrated measure of trophic niche use), we observed a split in the trophic niche within the benthic whitefish morph, with individuals specializing on either littoral or profundal resources. (springer.com)
Mass spectrometry2
- The automated online approach provided results in good agreement with simultaneous measurements obtained with the well-established offline approach using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). (wiley.com)
- Determination of total dissolved nitrogen in seawater by isotope dilution gas chromatography mass spectrometry following digestion with persulfate and derivatization with aqueous triethyloxonium. (bvsalud.org)
Composition3
- In this study, we show that the nitrogen isotope composition of organic matter preserved in mammalian tooth enamel (δ 15 N enamel ) records diet and trophic position. (blueskytccaalibaba.com)
- Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. (umn.edu)
- The concentration and isotopic composition of soil carbon and nitrogen were measured from select archived soil cores originally collected for the NSC01 dataset using an isotope ratio mass spectrometer coupled with an elemental analyzer. (ksu.edu)
Urea nitrogen1
Nitrous oxide1
- N2 may appear to be a harmless way to remove nitrogen from effluent waters, but a small portion of the nitrogen is released as a metabolic byproduct, nitrous oxide (N2O) during this process. (caryinstitute.org)
Organic6
- Although the carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions of diverse types of organic matter were measured and discussed by the pioneers of isotope geochemistry (e.g. (springeropen.com)
- As our knowledge of the distributions of carbon and nitrogen isotopes in organic matter and the factors controlling them has accumulated, the scope of isotopic measurements has greatly expanded. (springeropen.com)
- In contrast, the nitrogen (N) isotope ratio of organic material (expressed as δ 15 N vs. AIR in ‰, where δ 15 N = [( 15 N/ 14 N sample / 15 N/ 14 N reference ) − 1] × 1000) derived from bulk tissues or specific compounds (e.g., amino acids) is a widely used proxy for the dietary and trophic behavior of animals in terrestrial and marine food webs. (blueskytccaalibaba.com)
- Despite the potential of nitrogen isotopes for trophic reconstruction, their application in the paleontological record has been limited due to the poor preservation of N-containing organic matter. (blueskytccaalibaba.com)
- Finally, we performed a study on the yield of persulfate oxidation for organic and inorganic nitrogen compounds typically present in seawater . (bvsalud.org)
- NO3- isotopes reflect substantial in situ remineralization of organic matter originating from surface productivity fueled by Pacific-derived nutrients, whereas N2O isotopomer abundances point to sedimentary denitrification as a potential source of the N-deficiency observed in the deep basin. (dal.ca)
Measurements1
- With this work, I highlight the importance and applicability of dual isotope measurements as water mass tracers and provide insights into individual processes within the N cycle. (dal.ca)
20001
- Observations of Comet LINEAR (C/2000 WM1) were carried out with the UV-Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) mounted on the 8.2-m VLT KUEYEN telescope at the ESO Paranal Observatory (Chile) on four occasions during March 2002. (eso.org)
Biogeochemistry1
- Nitrogen plays a central role in marine biogeochemistry. (dal.ca)
Dilution2
- In this study, we propose a novel approach for the determination of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) in seawater combining high-precision isotope dilution GC-MS with persulfate digestion . (bvsalud.org)
- MS/MS) and isotope dilution quantification method. (who.int)
20011
- Also, see the documentation for the primary exam data for laboratory 40 for 2001-2002. (cdc.gov)
Carbon nitrogen2
- This study is the first of its kind to analyse carbon, nitrogen and sulphur stable isotope data from skeletons of the eleventh-seventeenth centuries in Portugal. (springer.com)
- This metabolic plasticity of aspartate enables carbon-nitrogen budgeting, thereby driving the biochemical self-organization of distinct cell states. (elifesciences.org)
19871
- These soil cores were collected from the lowlands (25 cm depth) of four experimental watersheds in 1982, 1987, 2002, 2010, and 2015. (ksu.edu)
Species2
- Carbon and nitrogen are essential elemental constituents of organisms and form various chemical species on Earth. (springeropen.com)
- While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO 2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. (umn.edu)
Uptake1
- Because of the specificity of its uptake by the human body, radioactive isotopes of iodine can also be used to treat thyroid cancer . (wikipedia.org)
Reconstruction1
Soil1
- The use of stable isotopes of N and O in N 2 O has been proposed as a way to better constrain the global budget of atmospheric N 2 O and to better understand the relative contributions of the main microbial processes (nitrification and denitrification) responsible for N 2 O formation in soil. (nau.edu)
Leaf carbon1
- A significant contribution of g mes to leaf carbon isotope discrimination values was observed. (afs-journal.org)
Phosphorus4
- The typical U.S. citizen eats an excess of 37% nitrogen and 62% phosphorus over recommended daily intakes (RDI). (caryinstitute.org)
- These microbes separate the nitrogen and phosphorus from the solid materials, first releasing it as ammonium (NH4+) or phosphate (PO43- ) in the effluent. (caryinstitute.org)
- lt;p>Sewage effluent is a great fertilizer because it contains the nitrogen and phosphorus in forms that plants can assimilate into new plant tissue. (caryinstitute.org)
- The bioavailability of essential nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus has fluctuated with the chemical evolution of Earth surface environments over geological timescales. (nature.com)
Data4
- Nitrogen isotope data from equatorial Pacific sediment cores. (pangaea.de)
- Richards and Hedges 1999 ), especially when combined with carbon isotope data. (springer.com)
- The high quality of the data obtained of this moving 9th-magnitude object has permitted a determination of the cometary abundance of various elements and their isotopes [2] . (eso.org)
- Based on isotope data and water mass mixing estimates, I highlight the different biogeochemical histories of nutrients feeding the northern and southern WEP, and provide support for the theory of a predominantly Southern Ocean source of NO3- to the EUC. (dal.ca)
Physiological2
- We review the biochemical and physiological bases of the use of carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions as an approach for environmental and ecological studies. (springeropen.com)
- Moreover, it is evident that physiological factors have an important influence on tissue δ15N values and can lead to erroneous bulk tissue or amino acid isotope-based reconstructions of foraging habits. (up.ac.za)
Tissue1
- Stable isotope analysis (SIA) provides an alternative dietary analysis tool to SCA, with use of fin tissue, scales and/or epidermal mucus potentially enabling its non-destructive application. (kmae-journal.org)
Spatial1
- This study identifies variation in the trophic niches of two herbivorous coral reef fishes with contrasting trophic strategies, using Stable Isotopes Bayesian Ellipses in R, along a spatial gradient of changing coral reef habitats. (frontiersin.org)
19972
- The only other comet in which this isotope has been observed is famous Comet Hale-Bopp - this was during the passage in 1997, when it was much brighter than Comet LINEAR. (eso.org)
- BioCON (Biodiversity, CO 2 , and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. (umn.edu)
Ecological1
- An important application of the analysis of carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions is in ecological studies. (springeropen.com)
Biodiversity2
- BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO 2 , and decreasing biodiversity. (umn.edu)
- Why Biodiversity, CO 2 , and Nitrogen? (umn.edu)
Emissions1
- Gaseous Nitrogen Emissions from Grasslands Wallingford, Oxon CAB International (CABI). (rothamsted.ac.uk)
Terrestrial1
Bone1
- Additionally, the human samples have higher stable isotope differences, in comparison with faunal samples, than would be expected within the food web, particularly for δ 13 C. This human bone collagen δ 13 C enrichment may reflect a diet rich in aquatic protein intake, which is also supported by δ 34 S archived in human and faunal samples, and the presence of oysters and cockles shells at the excavation. (springer.com)
Niches1
- Furthermore, the use of isotopic niches underlines the utility of stable isotopes in studying the potential impacts of environmental change on feeding ecology. (frontiersin.org)
Longitudinal1
Values1
- Nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) isotope values measured chronologically along the length of metabolically inert keratinous tissues can be used as a nutritional biomarker to retrospectively reconstruct the foraging ecology and eco-physiology of consumers. (up.ac.za)
Solar1
Study1
- Reconstructed δ13C and δ15N profiles from baleen whale earplugs (N = 17, n = 950 laminae) in this study provide the first recorded birth to death stable isotope profiles for baleen whales. (tdl.org)
Protein3
- lt;p>Humans eat a protein-rich diet, so we excrete a lot of nitrogen, which is a major component of protein. (caryinstitute.org)
- We need protein to grow, but clearly our diets provide an overabundance of protein, otherwise we wouldn't excrete so much nitrogen. (caryinstitute.org)
- J. Glass, A. Poret-Peterson, F. Wolfe-Simon and A. Anbar, "Molybdenum Limitation Induces Expression of the Molybdate-Binding Protein Mop in a Freshwater Nitrogen-Fixing Cyanobacterium," Advances in Microbiology , Vol. 3 No. 6A, 2013, pp. 9-15. (scirp.org)