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EndophytesNeotyphodiumHypocrealesFestucaLoliumAcremoniumPoaceaeErgot AlkaloidsSymbiosisAscomycotaFungiErgotaminesXylarialesViscaceaePlant RootsHerbaspirillumAzoarcusDNA, Ribosomal SpacerRhizosphereSaccharumDNA, FungalPlant PoisoningMalvaceaePanicumBiomassNitrogen FixationPhylogenyGluconacetobacterPlant LeavesTaxusSequence Analysis, DNABromusAnimal FeedBasidiomycotaBiological Control AgentsPseudotsugaBacterial Physiological PhenomenaFusariosisMyceliumPanamaCacaoHepatophytaRubiaceaeCladosporiumDendrobiumCajanusMycorrhizaeParaguayBiodiversityPlant DiseasesPlant Shoots
Dark septate endophytesFungal endophytes isolatedFungi2018Diversity2017PersistenceHyphaePathogenFescueBacterialInfectionRhizosphereGrassSoilThresholdMechanismsAbundantSpeciesFilamentousPlantStrainLeavesInteractCommunitiesRootsTissueStudyHostsEffectProtectionGrowthPlantsTotalResearchStudiesAgentsProducePresentPotential
Dark septate endophytes9
  • Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are a group of endophytic fungi characterized by their morphology of melanized, septate, hyphae. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dark septate endophytes have been found in the subantarctic, boreal coniferous forests in Canada, temperate and boreal forests in Northern and Central Europe, exotic pine plantations in New Zealand, temperate grasslands, epiphytic plants in tropical rain forests, alpine environments, and semi-arid environments. (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies in alpine and semi-arid ecosystems have shown that dark septate endophytes are more prevalent than arbuscular mycorrhizae in these environments. (wikipedia.org)
  • Their nitrogen sources are varied, and dark septate endophytes are able to use amino acids (e.g. alanine, glycine, and arginine) equally as efficiently as ammonium, as well as other sources like guanine and uric acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dark septate endophytes have been observed across the plant kingdom in Dicotyledoneae and Monocotyledonae (Angiospermae), and Equisetopsida, Lycopsida, Polypodiopsida, and Psilotopsida (Gymnospermae). (wikipedia.org)
  • Dark septate endophytes are plant root-colonizing fungi that are often darkly-pigmented, with septate hyphae, and form structures inside plant root cells such as microsclerotia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dark septate endophytes are observed more frequently in mature parts of the root system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dark septate endophytes frequently co-occur with mycorrhizal fungi such as arbuscular, ericoid, orchid, and ectomycorrhiza. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are a heterogenous group of conidial or sterile fungi (thought to be ascomycetes) with darkly-pigmented, septate hyphae that commonly colonize plant roots. (thismia.com)
Fungal endophytes isolated1
Fungi5
  • This study elucidates the mechanisms employed by endophytes in protecting the plant from diseases and different bioactivities of importance to humans with a focus on endophytic bacteria and fungi. (frontiersin.org)
  • This review aimed to present the various mechanisms of action used by endophytes in protecting a plant and report some bioactivities of importance to people with special emphasis on endophytic bacteria and fungi. (frontiersin.org)
  • 9 An extra factor that makes them complicated is that some of the fungi involved belong to a group of fungi called endophytes, that actually live in the plant tissue without causing any harm, and then suddenly switch to being pathogens. (wineanorak.com)
  • Considering that filamentous fungi exhibit different lifestyles-saprophyte, pathogen, endophyte, and mutualist, which require many physiological and morphological adaptations, one interesting hypothesis would be correlation between lifestyles and types of FVOCs. (ppjonline.org)
  • These chemicals may be produced by the plants themselves or by endophytes (symbiotic bacteria or fungi) that live in the plants (Sudakin, 2003). (psychosocialsomatic.com)
20181
  • It is important to distinguish epiphytes and endophytes among seed-associated microbes, as the two often differ from one another in their mode of transmission (horizontal vs. vertical transmission) and sources of origin (environmental sources and seed tissues) ( Nelson, 2018 ). (ppjonline.org)
Diversity3
  • Diversity, Phylogeny, anticancer and antimicrobial potential of fungal endophytes associated with Monarda citriodora L. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Water tanks presented the most abundant diversity compared with phyllosphere and endophytes, probably due to the high nutrient concentration, which promotes an ideal environment for complex microbial communities. (scielo.br)
  • endophytes: diversity and functional roles.New Phytologist 182:314-330. (sfnordica.com)
20171
Persistence2
  • 2001. Selection for persistence in endophyte-free Kentucky 31 tall fescue. (ecologiaaustral.com.ar)
  • 1993. Yield and persistence of tall fescue in the south-eastern coastal plain after removal of its endophyte. (ecologiaaustral.com.ar)
Hyphae1
  • Dark septate endophyte hyphae are much smaller in diameter compared to plant roots which allows them to access soil micropores unavailable to plants to forage for water and nutrients. (wikipedia.org)
Pathogen1
  • Then the laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of endophyte on the growth of four pathogen species as well as the brown patch of the host and its neighbor plants. (plant-ecology.com)
Fescue4
  • 1987. Fungal endophyte infection-loline derivative alkaloid concentration of grazed tall fescue. (ecologiaaustral.com.ar)
  • 1989. Influence of endophyte and water regime upon tall fescue accessions. (ecologiaaustral.com.ar)
  • 1996. Does endophyte influence regrowth of tall fescue? (ecologiaaustral.com.ar)
  • Peter Ryan, assistant professor of animal science at Mississippi State University, said fescue is a common forage grass for horses and other livestock in the southeastern United States, but it is frequently infected with a strain of endophyte. (msstate.edu)
Bacterial1
Infection2
  • However, few studies have been reported on the effects of endophyte infection on non-symbiotic neighbours. (plant-ecology.com)
  • 2011. Fungal endophyte detection in pasture grass seed utilising the infection layer and comparison to other detection techniques. (ecologiaaustral.com.ar)
Rhizosphere1
  • Australia, Coniochaeta salicifolia as endophyte from healthy leaves of Geijera salicifolia, Eremothecium peggii in fruit of Citrus australis, Microdochium ratticaudae from stem of Sporobolus natalensis, Neocelosporium corymbiae on stems of Corymbia variegata, Phytophthora kelmanii from rhizosphere soil of Ptilotus pyramidatus, Pseudosydowia backhousiae on living leaves of Backhousia citriodora, Pseudosydowia indooroopillyensis, Pseudosydowia louisecottisiae and Pseudosydowia queenslandica on living leaves of Eucalyptus sp. (bvsalud.org)
Grass1
  • Identification and structural characterization of serobactins, a suite of lipopeptide siderophores produced by the grass endophyte Herbaspirillum seropedicae. (ucsb.edu)
Soil2
  • Seed endophytes are probably the first microbes that can interact with plants during the germination of seeds and development into seedlings before other microbes in the soil do. (ppjonline.org)
  • Russia, Bolbitius sibiricus on à moss covered rotting trunk of Populus tremula, Crepidotus wasseri on debris of Populus tremula, Entoloma isborscanum on soil on calcareous grasslands, Entoloma subcoracis on soil in subalpine grasslands, Hydropus lecythiocystis on rotted wood of Betula pendula, Meruliopsis faginea on fallen dead branches of Fagus orientalis, Metschnikowia taurica from fruits of Ziziphus jujube, Suillus praetermissus on soil, Teunia lichenophila as endophyte from Cladonia rangiferina. (bvsalud.org)
Threshold1
  • 2001. Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices. (cdc.gov)
Mechanisms1
Abundant1
  • Endophytes are abundant in plants and studies are continuously emanating on their ability to protect plants from pathogens that cause diseases especially in the field of agriculture. (frontiersin.org)
Species3
  • In previous studies on marine algae, these symbioses range from innocuous to pathogenic depending on the host and endophyte species. (degruyter.com)
  • Although plant tissue culture has been a successful method to propagate many species, V. aestivalis has not yet been reliably grown as pure callus culture due to a fungal endophyte that exists within the plant. (scirp.org)
  • The two species of endophytes could reduce lesion area of detached host leaves. (plant-ecology.com)
Filamentous3
  • The present study further assessed a pathogenic relationship between filamentous algal endophytes and a red algal host from the western Antarctic Peninsula. (degruyter.com)
  • We analyzed endophyte presence (appearance of filamentous thalli) in the three life history stages of Iridaea cordata and potential impacts on fertility in the fertilized female gametophytes (carposporophytes) and tetrasporophytes. (degruyter.com)
  • The differential presence of filamentous algal endophytes indicates that endophyte pathogenicity indirectly has greater effect on tetrasporophytes and unfertilized gametophytes than on the carposporophytes, which house the products of sexual recombination. (degruyter.com)
Plant6
  • Despite this attributes, a deep understanding of the mechanism employed by endophytes in protecting the plant from diseases is still required for both effectiveness and commercialization. (frontiersin.org)
  • A total of twenty eight fungal endophytes belonging to 11 different genera were isolated from this plant. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endophytes are one of the most important parts of plant microbiota. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endophytes are ubiquitous in nature and are found in every plant. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During this process, endophytes interact with each other and their host plant changing the metabolic ability of the plant. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To date, carbohydrate flow from a host plant to a DSE has not yet been demonstrated as it has for AMF (Jumpponen 2001). (thismia.com)
Strain1
  • Burkholderia cepacia strain Lu10-1 is an endophyte that can multiply and spread in mulberry seedlings rapidly and efficiently. (biomedcentral.com)
Leaves1
  • In the intact leaves, the endophyte reduced the disease resistance of both the host and its neighbor grasses L. chinensis to C. lunata and B. sorokiniana . (plant-ecology.com)
Interact1
  • In contrast to the epiphytes that are more likely to show fluctuation in their composition and abundance from one seed to the next in a stochastic and environment-dependent manner, the seed endophytes tend to show relatively stable existence owing to their ability to interact with seeds as well as other microbes. (ppjonline.org)
Communities1
  • Dawson, W., Bateman, G.L. (2001) Fungal communities on roots of wheat and barley and effects of seed treatments containing fluquinconazole applied to control take-all. (ceon.rs)
Roots1
  • Germany, Tetraploa endophytica as endophyte from Microthlaspi perfoliatum roots. (bvsalud.org)
Tissue2
  • The results from this study suggest that in order to obtain endophyte-free callus tissue, vine explants are to be taken from plants grown in a growth chamber simulating springtime conditions, sterilized in a combination of alcohol, bleach, and chlorine dioxide, and plated on selection media containing an antifungal agent, such as chlorothalonil. (scirp.org)
  • This technique could potentially be used with plants that have associated endophytes or other contamination problems to establish callus tissue for research and/or commercial propagation efforts. (scirp.org)
Study3
  • 2001. Pulmonary function of workers exposed to ammonia: A study in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. (cdc.gov)
  • A 2001 study put the cost of trunk diseases in California alone at US$260m per year. (wineanorak.com)
  • This study first verified that the endophytes in A. sibiricum have a positive effect on disease resistance of neighbor grasses to brown patch. (plant-ecology.com)
Hosts2
  • We found that endophytes proliferate throughout significantly more thallus area in tetrasporophyte and unfertilized gametophyte hosts than in carposporophyte hosts, but there was no correlation between endophyte cover and fertility in these individuals. (degruyter.com)
  • These relationships do not appear to be host specific (Jumpponen and Trappe 1998), with some strains forming ectendomycorrhizas but also associating with other hosts in ways not completely understood (Jumpponen 2001). (thismia.com)
Effect1
Protection1
  • Our collection of soybean seed endophytes would be a valuable resource not only for studying biology and ecology of seed endophytes but also for practical deployment of seed endophytes toward crop protection. (ppjonline.org)
Growth1
  • Draft Genome Sequence of the Growth-Promoting Endophyte Paenibacillus sp. (asm.org)
Plants2
  • In the last 20 years, endophytes isolated from most plants have shown themselves to be a rich source of natural products for industrial and agricultural use amongst several other applications. (frontiersin.org)
  • Endophytes are generally isolated from the internal tissues of plants after surface sterilization. (frontiersin.org)
Total1
  • for up to 25% of the total production cost for bananas (Ploetz, 2001). (sfnordica.com)
Research1
  • Jamie left the Taylor lab in December 2001 after being offered a position at the Nichols Research Institute in San Juan Capistrano. (berkeley.edu)
Studies1
Agents1
  • The advantage that endophytes have over other biocontrol agents is the ability to colonize plant's internal tissues. (frontiersin.org)
Produce1
  • In addition endophytes are known to produce a multitude of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical importance [ 4 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Present1
  • Endophytes still present themselves as a peculiar source of possible drugs. (frontiersin.org)
Potential2
  • Anticancer and antimicrobial potential of isolated endophytes have also been investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The isolated endophyte MC-24 L ( C. tenuissimum ) has the potential to be a source of novel cytotoxic/antimicrobial compounds. (biomedcentral.com)