• The human sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) is a basic protein that is believed to participate in the intracellular transport of cholesterol and various other lipids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Before entering lipid synthesis pathways, different kinds of acyl-CoA transporters which acts as the major carrier of acyl-CoAs, such as fatty acid binding protein (FABP), sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) and acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP), would activate and convert fatty acids to fatty acyl-CoA esters via a reaction catalyzed by fatty acyl-CoA synthetase and transported to various metabolic locations [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This gene encodes two proteins: sterol carrier protein X (SCPx) and sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) , as a result of transcription initiation from 2 independently regulated promoters. (fn-test.com)
  • The transcript initiated from the proximal promoter encodes the longer SCPx protein, and the transcript initiated from the distal promoter encodes the shorter SCP2 protein, with the 2 proteins sharing a common C-terminus. (fn-test.com)
  • Evidence suggests that the SCPx protein is a peroxisome-associated thiolase that is involved in the oxidation of branched chain fatty acids, while the SCP2 protein is thought to be an intracellular lipid transfer protein. (fn-test.com)
  • This domain occurred 5 times on human genes ( 6 proteins). (umbc.edu)
  • In the case of genes that are used to produce proteins, the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme that actually performs the transcription from the template strand needs to find chemical cues for attachment to the DNA and where to begin transcription. (wikiversity.org)
  • Using cloned chicken β A -globin genes, either individually or within the natural chromosomal locus, enhancer-dependent transcription is achieved in vitro at a distance of 2 kb with developmentally staged erythroid extracts. (wikiversity.org)
  • The genes encoding non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs), members of a small multigene family, show a complex pattern of expressional regulation, suggesting that some diversification may have resulted from changes in their expression after duplication. (korea.ac.kr)
  • Sterol carrier proteins (also known as nonspecific lipid transfer proteins) is a family of proteins that transfer steroids and probably also phospholipids and gangliosides between cellular membranes. (wikipedia.org)
  • These proteins are different from plant nonspecific lipid transfer proteins but structurally similar to small proteins of unknown function from Thermus thermophilus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mammalian nonspecific lipid-transfer protein (nsL-TP) (also known as sterol carrier protein 2) is a protein which seems to exist in two different forms: a 14 Kd protein (SCP-2) and a larger 58 Kd protein (SCP-x). (expasy.org)
  • Lipid synthesis requires bulk carbon skeleton acyl-CoAs, the transport of which depends on the acyl-CoA binding protein (ACBP). (biomedcentral.com)
  • SCP-2 has multiple roles in intracellular lipid circulation and metabolism. (umbc.edu)
  • We examined the enzyme protein and biosynthesis of human trifunctional protein harboring enoyl-CoA hydratase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase activity in cultured skin fibroblasts from two patients with long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. (rhea-db.org)
  • The diminution of trifunctional protein was associated with a decreased activity of enoyl-CoA hydratase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, when measured using medium-chain to long-chain substrates. (rhea-db.org)
  • The N-terminal presequence in the SCP-x isoform represents a peroxisomal 3-ketacyl-Coa thiolase specific for branched-chain acyl CoAs, which is proteolytically cleaved from the sterol carrier protein. (umbc.edu)
  • HSD17B4, SCPX, HSDL2, and STOML1 encode fusion proteins with SCP-2 downstream of another protein domain, whereas C20orf79 encodes an unfused SCP-2. (slu.se)
  • Similarity between the amino-terminal portion of mammalian 58-kD sterol carrier protein (SCPx) and Escherichia coli acetyl-CoA acyltransferase: evidence for a gene fusion in SCPx. (expasy.org)
  • Mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency. (rhea-db.org)
  • Taken together, the results obtained show that in both patients, long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency is caused by an abnormality in the trifunctional protein, even though there is a heterogeneity in both patients. (rhea-db.org)
  • Defects in MFE2 are a cause of D-bifunctional protein deficiency (DBPD) [ MIM:261515 ]. (mitosciences.com)
  • Defects in this gene that affect the peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation activity are a cause of D-bifunctional protein deficiency (DBPD). (nih.gov)
  • Rapid whole-genome sequencing identifies a homozygous novel variant, His540Arg, in HSD17B4 resulting in D-bifunctional protein deficiency disorder diagnosis. (nih.gov)
  • The biologically active form of vitamin D is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2 D). Measuring serum levels of 1,25(OH)2 D should be considered upon suspicion of deficiency or excess of 1,25(OH)2 D. (medscape.com)
  • Decreased levels of 1,25(OH)2 D can result from chronic kidney disease, various heritable disorders, tumor-induced osteomalacia, the use of HIV protease inhibitors, or severe vitamin D deficiency. (medscape.com)
  • Severe vitamin D deficiency: 25(OH)D is the main substrate of 1,25(OH)2 D. Vitamin D deficiency can affect the production of 1,25(OH)2 D owing to the lack of substrate. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment with 25(OH)D can normalize 1,25(OH)2 D concentrations in patients with vitamin D deficiency. (medscape.com)
  • The oxysterol-binding protein superfamily: new concepts and old proteins. (tamu.edu)
  • ANADROL Tablets the usual administration protocols among male should be carried out, including how 400-600 mg per Increases the synthesis of protein, boldenone 300 dosage. (smashingbuzz.com)
  • Measuring muscle protein synthesis in humans and the influence of nutritional state. (tamu.edu)
  • Continuous delivery of a portion of cellular cholesterol to mitochondria ensures synthesis of cholesterol-derived sterols, like oxysterols and steroid hormones via mitochondria-localized oxidoreductases. (nature.com)
  • In tumor-induced osteomalacia, tumor-secreted FGF-23 inhibits enzyme 1α-hydroxylase and subsequently results in decreased 1,25(OH)2 D synthesis. (medscape.com)
  • HIV protease inhibitors have been reported to markedly suppress the activities of 25- and 1α-hydroxylase and thus affect 1,25(OH)2 D synthesis. (medscape.com)
  • HSD17B4 which encodes a D-bifunctional protein ( DBP) with domains for D-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, enoyl-CoA hydratase, and SCP-2 are found in animals from insects to mammals and also in fungi. (slu.se)
  • Sterol carrier protein-2 ( SCP-2) is an intracellular, small, basic protein domain that in vitro enhances the transfer of lipids between membranes. (slu.se)
  • Fatty liver is associated with reduced SIRT3 activity and mitochondrial protein hyperacetylation. (tamu.edu)
  • The Atg12 protein in yeast is an indispensable polypeptide in the highly conserved ubiquitin-like conjugation system operating in the macroautophagy/autophagy pathway. (bvsalud.org)
  • alpha polypeptide, also known as FCER1A, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the FCER1A gene. (wikiversity.org)
  • Hemoglobin subunit epsilon is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HBE1 gene. (wikiversity.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a bifunctional enzyme that is involved in the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway for fatty acids. (nih.gov)
  • Heritable disorders associated with low 1,25(OH)2 D levels include vitamin D-dependent rickets type 1 (inactivating mutation in the 1-hydroxylase gene),[5] autosomal-dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (mutation of the gene coding for FGF-23, which prevents its breakdown),[6] and X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (mutations that elevate levels of FGF-23). (medscape.com)
  • Encodes a hydrophilic protein similar to Late Embryogenesis Activated (LEA) proteins expressed during embryogenesis, which are thought to be involved in the acquisition of dessication tolerance. (or.jp)
  • Fatty acid-binding proteins are low molecular weight (100-130 aa) chaperones for long chain fatty acids, fatty acyl CoA esters, eicosanoids, retinols, retinoic acids and related metabolites and are usually regarded as being responsible for allowing the otherwise hydrophobic ligands to be mobile in aqueous media. (guidetoimmunopharmacology.org)
  • It also acts as a catalyst for the formation of 3-ketoacyl-CoA intermediates from both straight-chain and 2-methyl-branched-chain fatty acids. (nih.gov)
  • The recombinant NcACBP protein was expressed to verify the binding activities of NcACBP in vitro , and the heterologous expression of NcACBP in Δacbp yeast in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The NcACBP recombinant protein was able to specifically bind acyl-CoA esters in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The patterns of N-glycosylation within the recombinant ectodomain and S1 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were characterized using this approach. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, we compared N-glycan profiles of the recombinant spike proteins produced from different expression systems, including human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells and Spodoptera frugiperda (SF9) insect cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Matrix proteins in the cytosol are recognized by peroxisomal targeting signals (PTS) and transported to the docking complex at the peroxisomal membrane. (genome.jp)
  • We have identified a cytosolic acyl-CoA binding protein, with highly conserved amino acid residues and a typical acyl-CoA binding domain in N. caninum . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The sequence encoded a novel protein rich in alanine (25%) and proline (20%), which contained regions similar to proteins of comparable amino acid composition such as extracellular matrix components or the membrane-cytoskeletal linker synapsin. (lookformedical.com)
  • The import of membrane proteins into peroxisomes needs PEX19 for recognition, targeting and insertion via docking at PEX3. (genome.jp)
  • Western Blot: SR-BI Antibody [NB400-104] - Detection of SR-BI in rat H4IIE total cell lysates and plasma membrane proteins. (novusbio.com)
  • A 210 kDa protein is located in a membrane-microtubule linker at the distal end of mature and nascent basal bodies. (lookformedical.com)
  • The protein was part of the Y-shaped fibrous linkers between the doublet microtubules and the flagellar membrane, as indicated by statistical analysis of post-labeled sections using anti-centrin and anti-tubulin as controls. (lookformedical.com)
  • Predicted to encode a PR (pathogenesis-related) protein. (or.jp)
  • A multifunctional role of Atg8-family proteins (Atg8 from yeast and human LC3 and GABARAP subfamilies, all referred to here as ATG8s) in macroautophagy/autophagy is carried out by two protein domains, the N-terminal helical domain (NHD) and ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain. (bvsalud.org)
  • Nematodes, amoebas, ciliates, apicomplexans, and oomycetes express an alternative DBP with the SCP-2 domain directly connected to the D-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. (slu.se)
  • Our results indicate that the fusion between D-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and SCP-2 was formed early during eukaryotic evolution. (slu.se)
  • The protein is around 70kDa and made up of 3 domains, a short chain alcohol dehydrogenase reductase, a central hydratase domain and a C terminal sterol carrier protein 2 domain. (mitosciences.com)
  • Distal protein-protein interactions in vitro may be favored on supercoiled DNA because of topological constraints. (wikiversity.org)
  • SCOP: Structural Classification of Proteins and ASTRAL. (berkeley.edu)
  • The third is based on a highly conserved region in the C-terminal part of these proteins. (expasy.org)
  • We found upregulation of the key fructose transporter and metabolizing enzyme mRNAs, Slc2a2 , Khka , and Khkc , and higher ketohexokinase activity in the Hif-p4h-2 gt/gt small intestine relative to the WT, suggesting enhanced metabolism of fructose in the former. (springer.com)
  • In a study by Levin et al (2007), 13% of patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) greater than 80 mL/min and more than 60% of patients with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min had low serum levels of 1,25(OH)2 D.[3] Impaired production of the enzyme 1α-hydroxylase in kidney failure was thought to be the main mechanism. (medscape.com)
  • In granulomatous disease such as lymphoproliferative disorders, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, and inflammatory bowel disease, 1α-hydroxylase enzyme activity was found in macrophages as the extrarenal source of 1,25(OH)2 D. When 1α-hydroxylase is activated, it converts 25(OH)D to 1,25(OH)2 D, just as what occurs under physiologic conditions in the kidneys. (medscape.com)
  • Atg12 is comprised of a ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain preceded at the N terminus by an intrinsically disordered protein region (IDPR), a domain that comprises a major portion of the protein but remains elusive in its conformation and function. (bvsalud.org)
  • Using the intrinsically fluorescent cholesterol analog, cholestatrienol, we directly observe sterol transport to mitochondria in fibroblasts upon treating NPC2 deficient human fibroblasts with NPC2 protein. (nature.com)
  • A cysteine-rich metal-binding domain from rubella virus non-structural protein is essential for viral protease activity and virus replication. (tamu.edu)
  • In the poster section, Joanna Shisler (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [UIUC], Urbana) reported that the modified virus, Ankara, activates nuclear factor κB through the mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, possibly facilitating the host immune response. (cdc.gov)
  • In the poster section, Joanna Shisler (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [UIUC], Urbana) reported that the modified virus, Ankara, activates nuclear factor κB through the mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal–regulated kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, possibly facilitating the host immune response. (cdc.gov)
  • Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. (guidetoimmunopharmacology.org)
  • As early as 1822, a French pharmacist demonstrated that solutions containing chlorides of lime or soda could eradicate the foul odors associated with human corpses and that such solutions could be used as disinfectants and antiseptics ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • remote "from the point of attachment or origin" [2] is called distal . (wikiversity.org)
  • HIF-P4H-2 inhibition enhances intestinal fructose metabolism protecting the liver. (springer.com)
  • Here, we show that the IDPR in unconjugated Atg12 is positioned in proximity to the UBL domain, a configuration that is important for the functional structure of the protein. (bvsalud.org)
  • We devise a protocol to determine the surface fraction of endo-lysosomes in contact with mitochondria and show that this fraction does not depend on functional NPC1 or NPC2 proteins. (nature.com)
  • Significant variations were observed in the distribution of glycan types as well as the specific individual glycans on the modification sites of the ectodomain and subunit proteins. (cdc.gov)
  • The relative abundance of sialylated glycans in the S1 subunit compared to the full-length protein could indicate differences in the global structure and function of these two species. (cdc.gov)
  • Sec14-like phosphatidylinositol-transfer proteins and diversification of phosphoinositide signalling outcomes. (tamu.edu)
  • This process depends on the endo-lysosomal sterol transfer protein Niemann Pick C2 (NPC2). (nature.com)
  • We conducted a comprehensive mass spectrometric analysis of the N-glycosylation profiles of the SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins using signature ions-triggered electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) mass spectrometry. (cdc.gov)
  • Fig 2 Open in a other window Gpr178 mRNA idiom in rat and moingest.Results are make knownn as subject to spirit to (fold enhancement). (upb.ro)
  • Conserved residues that modulate protein trans-splicing of Npu DnaE split intein. (tamu.edu)
  • We developed three signature patterns for this family of proteins, two of which are based on the regions around the biologically important cysteines. (expasy.org)
  • This domain is involved in binding sterols. (wikipedia.org)
  • A major deletion in the IDPR disrupts intactness of the UBL domain at the unconjugated C terminus, and a mutation in the predicted α0 helix in the IDPR prevents Atg12 from binding to Atg7 and Atg10, which ultimately affects the protein function in the ubiquitin-like conjugation cascade. (bvsalud.org)
  • If you've navigated here from a protein, hovering over a position on the weblogo will display the corresponding protein position for that domain position. (umbc.edu)
  • Does not convert to estrogen Muscle growth No water cardiovascular diseases as well as cancer and 1 weekend day in the the level of expression of apoE, sterol carrier protein-2, or caveolin. (smashingbuzz.com)
  • Cholesterol trafficking between sterol-rich organelles, such as the PM and endosomes and metabolically active but sterol-poor organelles, like ER and mitochondria, is very important, as the two latter harbor the molecular machinery to sense cellular cholesterol abundance and to convert cholesterol into essential sterol metabolites, respectively 4 . (nature.com)
  • Pair their versions of Anvarol Anavar, Clenbutrol Clenbuterol and Winsol Winstrol, with a healthy diet of protein, carbohydrates, fats and regular exercise, and you CAN achieve the results you want, but safely. (awachimie.com)
  • 10% of that in control cells, due to a very rapid degradation of protein newly synthesized in the mitochondria. (rhea-db.org)
  • b) In cells from patient 2, the rate of degradation of newly synthesized trifunctional protein was faster than that in control cells, giving rise to a trifunctional protein amounting to 60% of the control levels. (rhea-db.org)
  • Lasting MCSs between endo-lysosomes containing NPC2 and mitochondria move by slow anomalous sub-diffusion, providing location and time for sterol transport between both organelles. (nature.com)
  • The intake of fructose in majority of the Hif-p4h-2 gt/gt tissues, including the liver, was 15-35% less than in the WT. (springer.com)
  • Search proteins in UniProtKB for this molecule. (rhea-db.org)
  • On both diets, the Hif-p4h-2 gt/gt mice gained less weight and had less white adipose tissue (WAT) and its inflammation, lower serum cholesterol levels, and lighter livers with less steatosis and lower serum ALT levels than the wild type (WT). (springer.com)
  • Plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2 D) is tightly controlled by plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum calcium, serum phosphate, and fibroblast-like growth factor 23 (FGF-23). (medscape.com)
  • A positive correlation between serum levels of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2 D was observed during seasonal changes. (medscape.com)
  • This assay used vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) obtained from rat serum as the binding agent and exploited the capacity of vitamin D in test samples to displace bound [ 3 H]25(OH)D 3 from DBP. (medscape.com)
  • However, the role of HIF-P4H-2 in NAFLD has not been studied systemically before. (springer.com)
  • He also showed that double-stranded (ds)RNA- and ZDNA binding proteins had a role in poxvirus pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)
  • The spike protein expressed on the surface of this virus is highly glycosylated and plays an essential role during the process of infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Crystal structure of activated Rubisco from G. partita complexed with the reaction intermediate analogue, 2-carboxyarabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate (2-CABP) has been determined at 2.4-A resolution. (lookformedical.com)
  • These findings provide evidence that the IDPR is an indispensable part of the Atg12 protein from yeast. (bvsalud.org)