• The majority came from Ethiopia, Nigeria, and South Africa. (wikipedia.org)
  • We did have a policy toward South Africa that had been the subject of much division and then was the subject of a lot of unity after the election. (ucsb.edu)
  • Cape Town, South Africa: Human Sciences Research Council Press. (ajtmh.org)
  • Young people's sexual health in South Africa: HIV prevalence and sexual behaviours from a nationally representative household survey. (ajtmh.org)
  • A community-based study to examine the effect of a youth prevention intervention on young people aged 15- 24 in South Africa: results of the baseline survey. (ajtmh.org)
  • The Frontier in History: North America and South Africa Compared. (degruyter.com)
  • Integrating african and western healing practices in South Africa. (bvsalud.org)
  • Two studies were conducted in Kenya and South Africa on the prevalence of adverse events occurring in private and public health-care settings. (who.int)
  • NHANES III, 1988-1994): Multiply Imputed Data Set. (cdc.gov)
  • A total of 39,695 persons selected over the 6-year period in NHANES III (1988-1994). (cdc.gov)
  • Contraband is a key component of illicit trade, and previous analyses have detailed the complicity of transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) in cigarette smuggling in Europe, 6 - 8 Asia, 8 - 11 North America 8 and Latin America, 8 including the TTCs' modus operandi in the illicit tobacco trade. (bmj.com)
  • There is also a black foreign born population from Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean in California. (wikipedia.org)
  • In interviews conducted with 219 bial drugs without a prescription is particularly problemat- adults, we assessed health beliefs and past and present ic in Latin America (9,10). (cdc.gov)
  • The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) were conducted on a periodic basis from 1971 to 1994. (cdc.gov)
  • International biosciences networks : African bioscience network , proceedings of the Symposium on the State of Biology in Africa, held 12-17 April 1981 in Accra, Ghana / edited by Edward S. Ayensu and Julia Marton-Lefevre. (who.int)
  • Rural areas in the Deep South have a disproportionately high prevalence of obesity compared with urban areas of the United States (1-3), as have African American populations compared with white American populations (4). (cdc.gov)
  • While the "Prevalence of Eating Disorders Among African American Women" (Mulholland & Mintz, 2001), and "A Comparison of Black and White Women With Binge Eating Disorder" (Pike, Dohm, Stiegel-Moore, Wilfley, & Fairburn, 2001) offer substantial findings in an area of under representation, the findings of these studies leave many vacancies in the true picture of eating disorders among African American women. (healthyplace.com)
  • When examining studies conducted on eating disorders, there is a major focus on infants, children, and adult women, Caucasian women.There is a deficit of research studies, which evaluate the prevalence of eating disorders among African-American women. (healthyplace.com)
  • In "Prevalence of Eating Disorders Among African American Women" (Mulholland & Mintz, 2001), a significant study was conducted at a large public university in the Midwestern United States that identified two percent (2%) of African American women participants as eating disordered. (healthyplace.com)
  • Further inspection of these clinical studies is necessary to evaluate whether eating disorders in African American women exists, and whether significant support is available to identify prevalence of eating disorders among this subgroup. (healthyplace.com)
  • Even though very few studies have been conducted on African American women and eating disorders, there is a significant push to cover the prevalence of eating disorders among minority women. (healthyplace.com)
  • METHODS-: We combined individual-level county data from the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) (n=204,947) with the 2018 American Community Survey county poverty data as a covariate, and the 2018 U.S. Census county population count data to generate county-level prevalence estimates for being current with any CRC screening test, colonoscopy, and home stool blood test. (cdc.gov)
  • The tobacco industry established relationships with virtually every African American leadership organisation and built longstanding social connections with the community, for three specific business reasons: to increase African American tobacco use, to use African Americans as a frontline force to defend industry policy positions, and to defuse tobacco control efforts. (bmj.com)
  • Although some have suggested that African Americans lack interest in tobacco control, 7 an increasing number of tobacco control programmes are being implemented by and for black communities. (bmj.com)
  • 4, 8 This paper analyses internal tobacco industry documents to show how deeply embedded ties between African American leadership groups and the industry normalise tobacco use and industry presence, influence African American voices in the tobacco control policy process, and obstruct or weaken tobacco control efforts. (bmj.com)
  • People of African descent first appeared in California from Mexico due to the Spanish Conquest. (wikipedia.org)
  • In broad terms, African American literature can be defined as writings by people of African descent living in the United States of America . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • In Pan-African traditions, the trickster is an animal or human character whose situation and movements symbolize the harsh conditions of millions of people of African descent due to brutal historical forces such as slavery, colonialism, and other oppressions. (oxfordbibliographies.com)
  • Eating disorders in the United States is experienced about the same among Hispanics and whites, is more common among Native Americans, and is less common among blacks and Asians (Stuart & Laraia, 2001). (healthyplace.com)
  • Amy M. Mulholland, and Laurie B. Mintz (2001) conducted a survey to examine the effect of maladaptive eating regulation responses among African American women. (healthyplace.com)
  • These studies showed that Black/African Americans had earlier onset of disease, a more aggressive disease course, and worse survival compared to non-Latino Whites ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • At every income and education level, Black/African Americans have a lower life expectancy than Whites ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • There is substantial evidence that racial discrimination is an important factor undermining the health of Black/African American men and women relative to Whites ( 2 , 4 , 5 , 8 , 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The results regarding differences between African Americans and whites in educational attainment, i.e. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • The incidence rates for cancer among African Americans is 454/100,000 compared to an incidence rate of 394/100,000 for whites. (nationalacademies.org)
  • The incidence rate of cancer among African Americans is increasing by 1.2 percent per year compared to a 0.8 percent increase per year for whites. (nationalacademies.org)
  • However, AA women aged younger than 45 years have a higher rate of breast cancer and are more likely to die from it (American Cancer Society, 2015). (ons.org)
  • Given the higher incidence of TNBC and shorter life span (death at every age and within seven years of diagnosis) among AA women compared to non-Hispanic Caucasian and Asian women (American Cancer Society, 2015), AA women may benefit from learning how to increase their coping capacity, spiritual well-being, and use of helpful coping strategies, to descrease psychological distress and distressing symptoms. (ons.org)
  • The 1994 American Cancer Society (ACS) cancer mortality rate was also higher for African Americans than for Caucasians. (nationalacademies.org)
  • In the Americas, Europe, and other locations where they were brought, enslaved Africans carried knowledge of the trickster persona from their folktales and cultures, and later blended this tradition with lore and customs of Europeans and Native Americans in the New World. (oxfordbibliographies.com)
  • Racist and discriminatory federal, state, and local housing policies significantly contribute to disparities in cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality for individuals that self-identify as Black or African American. (frontiersin.org)
  • This installment of Library Girl, a literary series curated by Ruskin Group Theatre's Susan Hayden, features clips of company members reciting poems by the beloved American playwright. (latimes.com)
  • Born and raised in New York City, Arai, a third-generation Japanese American printmaker, mixed-media artist, public artist and cultural activist, studied art at the Philadelphia College of Art and The Printmaking Workshop in New York. (oxfordartonline.com)
  • When the Louisville Western Branch Library opened in 1905, it took its place in history as the first in the nation to provide library services exclusively for the African American community, using only African American staff. (lfpl.org)
  • However, just as African American history and life is extremely varied, so too is African American literature. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Just as African American history predates the emergence of the United States as an independent country, so too does African American literature have similarly deep roots. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Lucy Terry is the author of the oldest known piece of African American literature- the poem, "Bars Fight" (1746)-although this poem was not published until 1855 in Josiah Holland's "History of Western Massachusetts. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • This collection traces the history and culture of African Americans particularly in the Eastern North Carolina region. (ecu.edu)
  • For 70 years, American Heritage has been the leading magazine of U.S. history, politics, and culture. (americanheritage.com)
  • Discuss and Evaluate the work of various artists within the movement, and explain its significance within the broader context of African American history. (oxfordaasc.com)
  • The decades in American history marked by the Civil Rights and Black Power Movements were also defined by significant contributions in the visual and performing arts by African American artists whose artwork was inspired by many of the social and political themes, issues, and ideas expressed in these movements for social justice. (oxfordaasc.com)
  • In this sense, the American Black Arts Movement embraced a pan-African worldview, while attempting to fashion a uniquely black aesthetic informed by the trials and triumphs of African American history. (oxfordaasc.com)
  • Describing her thoughts when she made the piece, Walker says, "The history of America is built on this inequality…The gross, brutal manhandling of one group of people, dominant with one kind of skin color and one kind of perception of themselves, versus another group of people with a different kind of skin color and a different social standing. (mymodernmet.com)
  • A couple of graduate degrees in History and American Studies. (donorsiblingregistry.com)
  • Logan traces river history through three eras archaic, modern, and postmodern to capture the human history of the river from early Native American farmers through Spanish missionaries to Anglo settlers. (ubcpress.ca)
  • Religion in the Modern American West calls attention to an often overlooked facet of regional history and broadens our understanding of the American experience. (ubcpress.ca)
  • BlackPast is dedicated to providing a global audience with reliable and accurate information on the history of African America and of people of African ancestry around the world. (blackpast.org)
  • The Cleveland Black Futures Fund builds on the ongoing work of the African American Philanthropy Committee of the Cleveland Foundation (AAPC), which has promoted awareness and education about the benefits of wealth and community preservation through philanthropy since 1993. (clevelandfoundation.org)
  • To guide readers, this bibliography gives a comprehensive list of major collections of African, African American, and Caribbean folktales, tale-types, motifs, and scholarly studies of such narratives published since the early 20th century. (oxfordbibliographies.com)
  • For decades we viewed Africa through a cold war prism and through the fight against apartheid. (ucsb.edu)
  • The tobacco industry has been highly influential in the African American community for decades, providing funding and other resources to community leaders and emphasising publicly its support for civil rights causes and groups, while ignoring the negative health effects of its products on those it claims to support. (bmj.com)
  • African Americans have struggled for decades to obtain civil rights and combat discrimination. (bmj.com)
  • A growing population of African American readers helped spur a few individuals to challenge the 1902 legislation which created a free public library system in Louisville. (lfpl.org)
  • California claimed 113,255 African-born residents in 2000. (wikipedia.org)
  • 6 To date, there has been no scholarly analysis of such activity in Africa, although important revelations were put forth about British American Tobacco (BAT) and smuggling in Africa by the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, 8 UK Action on Smoking and Health 12 and investigative journalists in 2000-1 13 including evidence heard by the UK House of Commons Health Select Committee. (bmj.com)
  • According to the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MedPAC), the average cost for African Americans in the last year of life was approximately $32,000 compared to $25,000 for Caucasians (Medicare Payment Advisory Commission, 2000). (nationalacademies.org)
  • ACS statistics also show that over an eight-year period (1989- 1996) the five-year relative survival rate was 62 percent for Caucasians versus 49 percent for African Americans (Greenlee et al. (nationalacademies.org)
  • 17 Documents suggest smuggling has occurred in at least 40 of 54 African countries, including countries with the largest populations. (bmj.com)
  • Even if their primary origins are found in African societies, from where the black populations who had been enslaved into the New World came, tricksters that permeate Pan-African tales of the United States also have sources or parallels in a variety of American cultures. (oxfordbibliographies.com)
  • [3] As Princeton University professor Albert J. Raboteau has said, all African-American studies, including African American literature, "speaks to the deeper meaning of the African-American presence in this nation. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Few studies have focused on overweight and obesity among rural African American youth in the Deep South, despite disproportionately high rates in this group. (cdc.gov)
  • Abstract: A review of published studies reveals a serious deficit in scope of eating disorders among African American women. (healthyplace.com)
  • Sufficient examination of the relationship of familial roles, cultural influences, and unique stressors to African American women are not prevalent in the available studies and are not evaluated as substantial influences on maladaptive eating regulation responses. (healthyplace.com)
  • 1994. Gas uptake studies of deuterium isotope effects on dichloromethane metabolism in female B6C3F1 mice in vivo . (cdc.gov)
  • Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, December 1994. (cdc.gov)
  • 6 Koigi-Kamau R, Kabare LW, Wanyoike Gichuhi J, Incidence of wound infection rate after caesarean delivery in a district hospital in Central Kenya, East African Medical Journal 82(7): 357-361, 2005. (who.int)
  • Bethesda, MD: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 1987-2008, 2041. (cdc.gov)
  • Understanding cigarette smuggling in Africa is important for two reasons. (bmj.com)
  • Understanding how African Americans spent their free time in a segregated city is vital to fully comprehend the Black community in Omaha, Nebraska. (ops.org)
  • Understanding such cultural diversity will enable scholars and students of Pan-African folklore to have the open-mindedness that is necessary to study the vast traditions that influenced such customs. (oxfordbibliographies.com)
  • In the WHO African Region, understanding of the problems associated with patient safety is hampered by inadequate data. (who.int)
  • As more people across our community and our country engage in a long overdue reckoning with the ugly reality of structural racism in America, many of us are thinking about our experiences and roles in this reality - individually and collectively. (clevelandfoundation.org)
  • Despite segregation and racism, African Americans in Omaha created a vibrant local culture and found ways to have fun. (ops.org)
  • African American Californians, or Black Californians are residents of the state of California who are of African ancestry. (wikipedia.org)
  • Including an additional 1.2% who identified as having partial African ancestry, the figure was 7.0% (2.8 million residents). (wikipedia.org)
  • The settlers and escort soldiers who founded the towns of San José de Guadalupe (San Jose), Yerba Buena (San Francisco), Monterey, San Diego, and La Reina de Los Ángeles (Los Angeles) were primarily mestizo and of mixed Negro and Native American ancestry from the province of Sonora y Sinaloa in Mexico. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pío Pico was a Californio politician, ranchero, and entrepreneur of mixed race with African ancestry, he had served as the last governor of Alta California under Mexican rule (from 1845 until 1846). (wikipedia.org)
  • Juana Briones de Miranda was a Californio business woman of mixed race with African ancestry, she is considered the "Founding Mother of San Francisco", as an early settler of Yerba Buena (now San Francisco). (wikipedia.org)
  • The effort to capture the zeitgeist of African American cultural and political nationalism in art was particularly centered on the idea of defining a black aesthetic that connected African Americans to their African ancestry, while speaking to the specific context of their experience in America. (oxfordaasc.com)
  • To the extent that effort is an important element of worker skill, our results suggest that neither African American nor Latino labor is of lower quality than white labor. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • She explores African American racial identity by creating works inspired by the pre-Civil War American South. (mymodernmet.com)
  • During a temporary assignment as principal of Central High School, Meyzeek, concerned about the lack of adequate reference and reading materials at his school, argued persistently, and persuasively, to the City Library Committee that African Americans should have access to this proposed system. (lfpl.org)
  • Established in 2010, the African American Philanthropy Committee Legacy Fund supports a variety of organizations within the African American community of Greater Cleveland. (clevelandfoundation.org)
  • Documents demonstrate that the complicity of BAT in cigarette smuggling extends to Africa, which includes many of the poorest countries in the world. (bmj.com)
  • During the American Civil Rights movement, authors such as Richard Wright and Gwendolyn Brooks wrote about issues of racial segregation and black nationalism. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Compared to other racial/ethnic groups, African Americans bear the greatest health burden from preventable tobacco related diseases, 1- 5 which kill approximately 45 000 African Americans yearly. (bmj.com)
  • Yet, there was a time in America when these doors of knowledge, culture, self-improvement and universal education were closed to people of color. (lfpl.org)
  • African American oral culture is rich in poetry , including spirituals, African American gospel music , blues , and rap. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • In Discovery Channel's all-new one-hour special TED NUGENT'S GUN COUNTRY, premiering October 10th at 10PM E/P, viewers will get an inside look at American gun culture through the eyes of staunch second amendment defender Ted Nugent. (mediamatters.org)
  • African American literature exists within the larger realm of post-colonial literature, even though scholars draw a distinctive line between the two by stating that "African American literature differs from most post-colonial literature in that it is written by members of a minority community who reside within a nation of vast wealth and economic power. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • We conducted and analyzed in-depth interviews with African American community members who interact with youth in varying contexts (home, school, church, community). (cdc.gov)
  • The collection highlights African American groups on campus, the civil rights movement, the African American laborers' role in the Southern economy, and the African American community. (ecu.edu)
  • This problem is especially pernicious in the African American Community, were the paucity of positive male role models is widespread. (menteach.org)
  • This study also aims to provide educational stakeholders (administrators, community leaders, policy makers, etc.) with techniques that can be used to recruit and subsequently retain African American males in the classroom. (menteach.org)
  • By looking at entertainment in North Omaha, we can see the many positive ways African Americans built their community. (ops.org)
  • So you did that and they call you a super-predator and I'm letting people out of jail now, that you have treated the African-American population community, you have treated the black community about as bad as anybody in this country. (thedemocraticstrategist.org)
  • On November 10, 2020, the American Heart Association (AHA) issued a call to action. (frontiersin.org)
  • Binge eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) is appropriate for "disorders of eating that do not meet the criteria for any specific Eating Disorder" (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, p. 550). (healthyplace.com)
  • For instance, in the United States, other sources of such figures are found in Native American, European American, and Hispanic cultures where there are folkloric traditions with tricksters that are very similar to their African American counterparts. (oxfordbibliographies.com)
  • California has one of the highest concentrations of black Africans in the Western United States. (wikipedia.org)
  • [2] Nonetheless, African American literature has generally focused on themes of particular interest to Black people in the United States, such as the role of African Americans within the larger American society and what it means to be an American. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Here we highlight three key housing policies - "redlining," zoning, and the construction of highways - which have wrought a powerful, sustained, and destructive impact on cardiovascular health in Black/African American communities. (frontiersin.org)
  • They passed through a deep dark tunnel and emerged in sort of a twilight zone where there is an America without black people. (snopes.com)
  • Assess the social and historical significance of the Black American Arts Movement. (oxfordaasc.com)
  • It was written by Black producer, Oscar Micheaux, and starred African American actors. (ops.org)
  • Paper presented at the National Conference on Alternative Teacher Certification (Washington, DC, April 1994). (hoagiesgifted.org)
  • Gentrification in California has caused some African Americans in California to become homeless and has pushed them out of historical urban centers like Oakland, San Francisco and Los Angeles, and into new cheaper suburban regions, like East Contra Costa, Inland Empire and Central Valley. (wikipedia.org)
  • What would this country be like without the contributions of Blacks, as African-Americans? (snopes.com)
  • Martin Luther King, Jr. said, "by the time we leave for work, Americans have depended on the inventions from the minds of Blacks. (snopes.com)
  • African American writing has also tended to incorporate oral forms such as spirituals, sermons, gospel music , blues , and rap. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • The study was the recent upsurge in overweight and obes- conducted to contrast nutritional status and ity in American children. (who.int)
  • 5. Even if there were streets on which cars and a rapid transit system could operate, they were cluttered with paper because an African American, Charles Brooks, invented the street sweeper. (snopes.com)
  • He began working at the paper in 1994 and compiled its movie, TV and arts listings. (latimes.com)
  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a serious form of breast cancer that occurs more frequently in younger African American (AA) women (Susan G. Komen, 2012). (ons.org)
  • Because African American young women were not allowed to attend balls and dances with their white peers, the YWCA sponsored alternative events for them. (ops.org)