• In the 1950s, Henderson served as chief of the Epidemic Intelligence Service at the Centers for Disease Control, then as chief of the Smallpox Eradication Program at CDC. (jhu.edu)
  • The purpose of the ITFDE was to establish criteria and apply them systematically to evaluate the potential eradicability of other diseases in the aftermath of the Smallpox Eradication Program. (cdc.gov)
  • In 1988, the WHO started its eradication program to eliminate the virus from the planet. (springer.com)
  • If you listen to mainstream media news, you'll be told that polio has now been eradicated in India - an accomplishment the Polio Global Eradication Initiative (PGEI), founded in 1988 by the World Health Organization (WHO), Rotary International, UNICEF, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), are attributing to the intense polio vaccination campaign. (vaccineimpact.com)
  • As a member of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, UNICEF has helped to reduce the number of children affected by polio by 99 percent since 1988. (unicefusa.org)
  • A Pakistani man warms himself beside a fire during last sunset of the year 2006 on a hill above Karachi, 31 December 2006 InternationalIndiaAfricaAneela RashidAccording to the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), since 1988, cases of the polio virus have dropped by 99 percent worldwide, from more than 350,000 to just five cases in Afghanistan and Pakistan last year. (newstime24.live)
  • In 1988, when the WHO, UNICEF and Rotary launched the worldwide campaign to eradicate the disease, there were 350,000 cases globally. (sciencealert.com)
  • Global efforts to end polio worldwide began in 1988 with the launch of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) , and have seen great success in the majority of the world. (cdc.gov)
  • Polio incidence has dropped more than 99 percent since the launch of global polio eradication efforts in 1988, but until the final push is made the eradicate polio globally, every country remains at risk. (cdc.gov)
  • Indeed, after the establishment of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in 1988, we have seemingly been on the verge of worldwide polio eradication for a decade or more. (bmj.com)
  • During 1950s, the Government of Nepal undertook a malaria eradication campaign and initiated a massive resettlement program in Terai which resulted in clearing of large tracts of forest and the destruction of much wildlife and habitat. (trekkingencounters.com)
  • Long before DDT was banned, the malaria eradication efforts of the 1950s-60s were grinding to a halt in many African countries for the basic reasons that health systems could not support sustained efforts and donors were tiring of funding the project. (malariamatters.org)
  • One key lesson of the earlier eradication project was that relying on a single intervention technology was not enough to control, much less eradicate, a complicated disease like malaria. (malariamatters.org)
  • The first efforts to eradicate malaria began in the 1950s under the World Health Organisation's Global Malaria Eradication Programme (one that - shamefully - decided to leave sub-Saharan Africa out of the "global" campaign), making use of the anti-malarial drug chloroquine and spraying large areas with the insecticide DDT. (aho.org)
  • Attention on malaria revived in the late 1990s with the creation of the Roll Back Malaria campaign, and the focus on the disease as one of the "big three" global health challenges in the UN's Millennium Development Goals (MDG), and as the main focus of organisations like the Global Fund to Fight Aids, Tuberculosis and Malaria and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. (aho.org)
  • This week Sam McManus gives us an assessment of the prospects for malaria eradication in an interesting feature article. (malariamuseum.com)
  • The creation of the Global Fund and the setting up of the Roll Back Malaria campaign a decade ago raised hopes while the private jets of celebrities such as Bill Gates and Bono have been a regular feature at international malaria conferences. (malariamuseum.com)
  • During the 1950s and 1960s, pesticide regulation evolved to require maximum allowable residue levels of pesticides on foods and to deny registrations for unsafe or ineffective products. (cdc.gov)
  • Thanks to the introduction of safe and effective vaccines in the late 1950s and early 1960s, the condition has largely been forgotten as a public health concern in most high resource settings, including in the UK. (bmj.com)
  • When polio vaccines were developed in the 1950s and 1960s, they led to a dramatic decrease in the spread of poliovirus, eliminating the disease in many countries. (unfoundation.org)
  • WHO smallpox eradication vaccination campaigns and that isolated from sentinel mice and recent outbreaks on dairy these viruses continue to circulate. (cdc.gov)
  • In 1980, the World Health Organization (WHO), after a bined historical information and published data to develop massive vaccination program, announced the eradication insights into the possible origin(s) of the Brazilian VACV of smallpox, the contagious and deadly disease caused by (BRZ-VACV) now established in Brazil. (cdc.gov)
  • The campaign] was a remarkable experience, and something I'm very proud to have been part of," Henderson told the Hub in January 2015 in advance of the opening of a Welch Medical Library exhibition titled Smallpox: Vaccination/Eradication . (jhu.edu)
  • While the original story quoting the sick children's parents was pulled from the Internet, a "cache" of the story was still available and follow-up stories reported that some Pakistani health officials had been suspended for providing the expired drops, which were distributed during a spring 2012 vaccination campaign. (vaccineimpact.com)
  • After Jonas Salk discovered a vaccine in the 1950s, massive global vaccination campaigns came tantalizingly close to exterminating a disease that once affected hundreds of thousands each year. (inthesetimes.com)
  • But although Syria is included in that effort, its vaccination campaigns systematically favored pro-Assad areas, despite the fact that every one of the country's polio victims came from opposition-held areas, Sparrow charged. (inthesetimes.com)
  • In this article, we'll explore the history and eradication of polio in the United States, shed light on the current situation in New York, and emphasize the importance of vaccination and immunization efforts. (ifhanoi-lespace.com)
  • However, through innovative approaches and widespread vaccination campaigns, the country has successfully eliminated polio within its borders. (ifhanoi-lespace.com)
  • By identifying areas with low vaccination rates and implementing targeted vaccination campaigns, we can mitigate the risk of further spread. (ifhanoi-lespace.com)
  • In its northern Muslim-majority areas, authorities were forced to stop vaccination campaigns in 2003 and 2004 by Islamic extremists. (sciencealert.com)
  • A new $5.5 billion plan being pushed by the World Health Organization strives to eliminate polio entirely, phase out vaccination campaigns and secure polio vaccine stockpiles in case the virus somehow manages to re-emerge. (kuer.org)
  • Despite some of the most successful international vaccination campaigns in history, the poliovirus continues to circulate around the world, posing a threat of neurological damage and even paralysis to anyone who is not vaccinated. (technologynetworks.com)
  • A nurse gives twins the oral polio vaccine as part of the Palestinian Ministry of Health's vaccination campaign. (unfoundation.org)
  • A strong proponent of SBCC, the senator described three communication campaigns that helped position vaccination as a social norm, built trust of frontline health workers and elicited community ownership of health. (jhu.edu)
  • But after the break, Part 2 opens, where OPV has become the villain, and IPV [the inactivated vaccine Jonas Salk developed in the early 1950s], the forgotten one, becomes the real hero. (latimes.com)
  • The journey to eradicate this disease began in the 1950s with the development of effective vaccines by Dr. Jonas Salk and Dr. Albert Sabin. (ifhanoi-lespace.com)
  • The successful eradication of smallpox in 1977 and the ongoing campaigns to eradicate dracunculiasis by 1995 and poliomyelitis by 2000 should ensure that eradication of selected diseases will continue to be used as a powerful tool of international public health. (cdc.gov)
  • The rollout of the polio vaccine in 1954 led to a worldwide campaign to eradicate the deadly viral disease. (unicefusa.org)
  • And although polio campaigns have largely managed to eradicate the virus across the world, Pakistan and Afghanistan remain the last two countries yet to be declared polio-free.In order to be officially considered polio-free, a country must show an absence of wild poliovirus transmission for at least three consecutive years, according to the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. (newstime24.live)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) on Tuesday declared that Africa was free of wild poliovirus , a landmark in a decades-long campaign to eradicate the notorious disease around the world. (sciencealert.com)
  • The new Global Polio Eradication and Endgame Strategic Plan aims to bring the number of new wild polio cases down to zero by 2015 and eradicate the virus entirely by 2018. (kuer.org)
  • 100 years poliovirus: from discovery to eradication. (springer.com)
  • Prospects for the eradication program were evaluated, with particular emphasis being placed on why certain countries still have not succeeding in interrupting wild-type transmission of poliovirus. (springer.com)
  • Discussion also centred on the role of inactivated poliovirus vaccines in the eradication program and the maintenance of a poliovirus-free world, whenever this goal should be achieved. (springer.com)
  • At the end of the symposium, Neal Nathanson also chaired an open discussion entitled "The Endgame of Poliovirus Eradication" with Chumakov, Kew and Tangermann on the panel. (springer.com)
  • The vaccine-derived strain of poliovirus is connected to the oral polio vaccine (OPV), which is the main vaccine used in polio eradication efforts around the world. (unfoundation.org)
  • There's a bitter irony hidden at the heart of the eradication campaign: The primary tool eradicators have used to combat the virus - the oral polio vaccine created by Albert Sabin in the late 1950s - is itself causing outbreaks of the disease. (latimes.com)
  • It was endemic around the world until a vaccine was found in the 1950s, though this remained out of reach for many poorer countries in Asia and Africa. (sciencealert.com)
  • But by the early 1950s, Sabin and many other immunologists and epidemiologists were convinced that an oral attenuated live-virus vaccine would be more effective. (technologyreview.com)
  • To achieve the final push towards global eradication of polio, CDC's Emergency Operation Center (EOC) remains activated to coordinate CDC's response. (cdc.gov)
  • Since December 2, 2011, approximately 545 workers have supported CDC's polio eradication efforts in the EOC and in the field. (cdc.gov)
  • Two major health crises in the mid-1950s established CDC's credibility and ensured its survival. (cdc.gov)
  • CDC continues its close collaboration with partners, including the World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Rotary International, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to ensure a coordinated global and country-level response to make the eradication of polio a reality. (cdc.gov)
  • From 1966 to 1977, he was director of the WHO's global smallpox eradication campaign. (jhu.edu)
  • The first effective polio vaccines emerged in the 1950s, kicking off massive campaigns to immunize every person, with an emphasis on children. (technologynetworks.com)
  • In the early 1950s, an estimated 50 million cases of smallpox occurred worldwide each year. (jhu.edu)
  • First fully loosed upon the earth in the early 1950s, the wonder material of the age detonated like an atom bomb. (thetyee.ca)
  • By the early 1950s, Ukrainian Greek Catholics were the largest underground religious community in the world, living an entirely clandestine existence. (eppc.org)
  • The polio virus was the most feared disease of the 20th century, and ravished the United Stated during the late 1940s through early 1950s-crippling nearly 35,000 people in the U.S. each year. (cdc.gov)
  • D. A. Henderson - the man who organized the worldwide eradication of smallpox - was then at the U.S. Communicable Disease Center (now the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) in Atlanta. (technologyreview.com)
  • The ITFDE defined eradication as 'reduction of the worldwide incidence of a disease to zero as a result of deliberate efforts, obviating the necessity for further control measures. (cdc.gov)
  • While many African countries haven't had a case of wild polio in years, since 1996, eradication efforts "have prevented up to 1.8 million children from crippling life-long paralysis and saved approximately 180,000 lives," the UN agency said. (sciencealert.com)
  • Second, remembering the "falsification industry" of the past should make us more alert to the lies of the present, which are omnipresent in the Russian propaganda campaign against Ukraine's efforts to build a future of democracy, prosperity, and freedom. (eppc.org)
  • This issue of MMWR Recommendations and Reports consolidates the deliberations of the International Task Force for Disease Eradication (ITFDE), which was convened six times from 1989 through 1992 to evaluate diseases as potential candidates for global eradication (1-7). (cdc.gov)
  • The term 'elimination' is sometimes used synonymously with 'eradication,' but it refers to a single country, continent, or other limited geographic area, rather than global eradication. (cdc.gov)
  • That's a staggering drop from when The Carter Center began leading the global eradication effort in 1986, when the parasitic disease infected 3.5 million people. (gobluesun.com)
  • This historic achievement was only possible thanks to the leadership and commitment of governments, communities, global polio eradication partners and philanthropists," Moeti said. (sciencealert.com)
  • We've never been so close to eradication as we are now," says Hamid Jafari, the director of Global Polio Eradication at WHO. (kuer.org)
  • The goal of global polio eradication is to ensure that polio ceases to infect any persons worldwide. (cdc.gov)
  • Global eradication will save billions of dollars and prevent the paralysis of nearly 200,000 children each year. (cdc.gov)
  • Somewhat counterintuitively, type 2 OPV campaigns have instead been conducted for outbreak control because of their greater ability to interrupt transmission, but have still ultimately driven further outbreaks-a vicious cycle ensuing. (bmj.com)
  • Examples of this level of eradication are the use of chemotherapy with ivermectin to eliminate blindness resulting from onchocerciasis and of vitamin A to eliminate xerophthalmia. (cdc.gov)
  • The names of the members of the ITFDE, the criteria they developed and used, and summaries of the papers that were presented to the ITFDE by various experts are included in this report, as well as a brief history of the concept of disease eradication since the late 19th century. (cdc.gov)
  • While this countersubversive tradition cannot in itself explain why McCarthyism came to dominate American politics during the late 1940s and 1950s, it does help account for its emotional impact and for its characteristic paranoia. (upenn.edu)
  • In particular, the history of drug resistance in India stretches back to the country's first antibiotic trials in 1950s Madras (now Chennai). (somatosphere.net)
  • This report summarizes the conclusions of the International Task Force for Disease Eradication (ITFDE), a group of scientists who were convened by a secretariat at the Carter Center of Emory University six times during 1989-1992. (cdc.gov)
  • An important part of the work was to help identify key impediments to improved prevention and control of the diseases under discussion, even if the disease was not considered to have potential as a candidate for eradication. (cdc.gov)
  • Between the extremes of disease 'control' (reduction in incidence and/or prevalence) and 'eradication,' several intermediate levels of impact on diseases may be described. (cdc.gov)
  • In perhaps its most widely hailed public health effort, the organization recently announced that only 14 human cases of Guinea worm disease were reported in all of 2021, the result of years of public health campaigns to improve access to safe drinking water in Africa. (gobluesun.com)
  • This year the eradication of rinderpest, or cattle plague as it is also known, will be officially declared making it only the second disease in history to be systematically eliminated by human intervention. (srcf.net)
  • In order for the final push towards polio eradication to be achieved, sensitive and timely disease surveillance must be able to detect where the polio virus could still be present. (cdc.gov)
  • The massive campaign has included armies of eradicators, mountains of research and the dedication of numerous governments and NGOs. (latimes.com)
  • Today is a historic day for Africa," said Professor Rose Gana Fomban Leke, whose commission certified that no polio cases had occurred on the continent for the past four years, the threshold for eradication. (sciencealert.com)
  • The United States has made significant progress in the eradication of polio. (ifhanoi-lespace.com)
  • During Wednesday morning's keynote, the Honorable Senator Ayesha Raza Farooq outlined how Pakistan is making progress in their last mile toward polio eradication. (jhu.edu)
  • This propaganda, designed to convince people of the value and importance of vaccinations, takes the form of falsified statistics, misleading statements, public scare campaigns and in many cases, downright lies! (whale.to)
  • Nigeria, long a pool of infection, has vigorous new leadership dedicated to the campaign, and this has led to a sharp reduction in polio there. (latimes.com)
  • Rachel Carson shown here in a 1950s photograph alongside the cover of her landmark 1962 book, "Silent Spring," Houghton Mifflin hardback. (pophistorydig.com)
  • Klag described the eradication of smallpox as "one of the greatest public health achievements in history. (jhu.edu)
  • Social media accelerates the spread of misinformation around viruses, but whisper campaigns during public health emergencies are nothing new. (unicefusa.org)
  • The eradication of polio in the United States is an inspiring success story that showcases what can be achieved through scientific advancements and public health initiatives. (ifhanoi-lespace.com)
  • However, it was the availability of effective antimicrobial therapy, screening and treatment for symptomatic individuals and proactive partner notification, freely administered to both men and women, that led to the substantial declines in syphilis rates in the 1950s. (bmj.com)
  • True eradication usually entails eliminating the microorganism itself or removing it completely from nature, as in the case of smallpox virus, which now exists only in storage in two laboratories. (cdc.gov)
  • Fake news like this makes it difficult for health workers conducting house-to-house campaigns to vaccinate children. (unicefusa.org)
  • Senator Farooq is the Prime Minister of Pakistan's point person on polio eradication . (jhu.edu)
  • He went on to the U.S. Naval Academy during World War II and pursued a career as a Cold War Naval officer before returning to Plains, Georgia, with Rosalynn and their young family to take over the family peanut business after Earl Carter's death in the 1950s. (gobluesun.com)
  • So as World War II was winding down, the Stalinist regime began a campaign of calumny-nicely described by historian Bohdan Bociurkiw as a "falsification industry"-that painted Ukraine's Greek Catholics as treasonous "bandits" and "criminals" who had worked hand-in-glove with the "German-fascist occupiers," and who were sabotaging "the socialist transformation in western Ukraine. (eppc.org)
  • The VDPV2 detected in the UK is likely to be the result of such a campaign elsewhere and reminds us once again of our interconnected world. (bmj.com)
  • We've been waiting a long time for the eradication of polio. (latimes.com)
  • Rinderpest has been a significant catalyst for the birth and development of modern veterinary science and its eradication is a monumental victory for the discipline. (srcf.net)
  • More than 20 workers involved in the campaign lost their lives. (sciencealert.com)
  • At the height of the polio epidemic in the United States in the 1950s, after some researchers floated the erroneous notion that there was a correlation between ice cream consumption and the spread of polio, ice cream sales plummeted . (unicefusa.org)
  • In the 1950s, polio was spread all around the globe. (kuer.org)
  • 8 In the absence of good epidemiological data on men, many argued that to screen and treat one sex and not another would be ineffective in terms of eradication or control. (bmj.com)
  • the mixture of offensives became far more potent than any single campaign would have been. (upenn.edu)
  • Resentment of ethnic Chinese economic aptitude grew in the 1950s as Native Indonesian merchants felt they could not remain competitive. (wikipedia.org)
  • This is combined with a campaign of economic sabotage, the disruption of the food distribution chain and acts of rioting. (marxist.com)