A practice whereby tokens representing money, toys, candy, etc., are given as secondary reinforcers contingent upon certain desired behaviors or performances.

The application of modern theories of learning and conditioning in the treatment of behavior disorders.

General name for two extinct orders of reptiles from the Mesozoic era: Saurischia and Ornithischia.

The species Panthera tigris, a large feline inhabiting Asia. Several subspecies exist including the Siberian tiger and Sumatran tiger.

A genus of long-legged, swift-moving felines (FELIDAE) from Africa (and formerly Asia) about the size of a small leopard.

Large, chiefly nocturnal mammals of the cat family FELIDAE, species Panthera leo. They are found in Africa and southern Asia.

The branch of psychology concerned with psychological methods of recognizing and treating behavior disorders.

Dissertations embodying results of original research and especially substantiating a specific view, e.g., substantial papers written by candidates for an academic degree under the individual direction of a professor or papers written by undergraduates desirous of achieving honors or distinction.

Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)

A course of study offered by an educational institution.

An area of water mostly surrounded by land, usually smaller than a gulf, and affording access to the sea.

Persons who have no permanent residence. The concept excludes nomadic peoples.

A partially enclosed body of water, and its surrounding coastal habitats, where saltwater from the ocean mixes with fresh water from rivers or streams. The resulting mixture of seawater and fresh water is called brackish water and its salinity can range from 0.5 to 35 ppt. (accessed http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/estuaries/estuaries01_whatis.html)

The sexual attraction or relationship between members of the same SEX.

Abuse, overuse, or misuse of a substance by its injection into a vein.

Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.

The venous trunk which receives blood from the lower extremities and from the pelvic and abdominal organs.

A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts; atomic number, 22; atomic weight, 47.90; symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures. (Dorland, 28th ed)

The formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) within a vein.

Organizations established by endowments with provision for future maintenance.

Gross hypo- or aplasia of one or more long bones of one or more limbs. The concept includes amelia, hemimelia, phocomelia, and sirenomelia.

The study of the structure, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of bacteria, and BACTERIAL INFECTIONS.

Mental disorders related to feeding and eating usually diagnosed in infancy or early childhood.

Equipment required for engaging in a sport (such as balls, bats, rackets, skis, skates, ropes, weights) and devices for the protection of athletes during their performance (such as masks, gloves, mouth pieces).

General or unspecified injuries involving the foot.

The procedure of presenting the conditioned stimulus without REINFORCEMENT to an organism previously conditioned. It refers also to the diminution of a conditioned response resulting from this procedure.

Innate response elicited by sensory stimuli associated with a threatening situation, or actual confrontation with an enemy.

Investigations into the problems of integrating research findings into nursing curricula, developing problem solving skills, finding approaches to clinical teaching, determining the level of practice by graduates from different basic preparations, etc.

Critical and exhaustive investigation or experimentation, having for its aim the discovery of new facts and their correct interpretation, the revision of accepted conclusions, theories, or laws in the light of newly discovered facts, or the practical application of such new or revised conclusions, theories, or laws. (Webster, 3d ed)

Use for general articles concerning medical education.

Software used to locate data or information stored in machine-readable form locally or at a distance such as an INTERNET site.

Organized activities related to the storage, location, search, and retrieval of information.

The geographical area of Asia comprising BORNEO; BRUNEI; CAMBODIA; INDONESIA; LAOS; MALAYSIA; the MEKONG VALLEY; MYANMAR (formerly Burma), the PHILIPPINES; SINGAPORE; THAILAND; and VIETNAM.

A loose confederation of computer communication networks around the world. The networks that make up the Internet are connected through several backbone networks. The Internet grew out of the US Government ARPAnet project and was designed to facilitate information exchange.

Those factors which cause an organism to behave or act in either a goal-seeking or satisfying manner. They may be influenced by physiological drives or by external stimuli.

Lists of words, usually in alphabetical order, giving information about form, pronunciation, etymology, grammar, and meaning.

The addition of descriptive information about the function or structure of a molecular sequence to its MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA record.

Databases devoted to knowledge about specific genes and gene products.

Individuals enrolled in a school of medicine or a formal educational program in medicine.

Conditions characterized by a significant discrepancy between an individual's perceived level of intellect and their ability to acquire new language and other cognitive skills. These disorders may result from organic or psychological conditions. Relatively common subtypes include DYSLEXIA, DYSCALCULIA, and DYSGRAPHIA.

Individuals enrolled in a school or formal educational program.

The educational process of instructing.

Foods and beverages prepared for use to meet specific needs such as infant foods.

Use for articles on the investing of funds for income or profit.

A family of gram-negative methanotrophs in the order Rhizobiales, distantly related to the nitrogen-fixing and phototrophic bacteria.

Controlled operation of an apparatus, process, or system by mechanical or electronic devices that take the place of human organs of observation, effort, and decision. (From Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 1993)

Personnel who provide dental service to patients in an organized facility, institution or agency.

Institutional funding for facilities and for equipment which becomes a part of the assets of the institution.

Controlled operations of analytic or diagnostic processes, or systems by mechanical or electronic devices.

The use of automatic machines or processing devices in libraries. The automation may be applied to library administrative activities, office procedures, and delivery of library services to users.