Mental activity, not predominantly perceptual, by which one apprehends some aspect of an object or situation based on past learning and experience.

The ability to generate new ideas or images.

The science that investigates the principles governing correct or reliable inference and deals with the canons and criteria of validity in thought and demonstration. This system of reasoning is applicable to any branch of knowledge or study. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed & Sippl, Computer Dictionary, 4th ed)

A learning situation involving more than one alternative from which a selection is made in order to attain a specific goal.

One of the BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINES concerned with the origin, structure, development, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of animals, plants, and microorganisms.

Instructional use of examples or cases to teach using problem-solving skills and critical thinking.

The artificial language of schizophrenic patients - neologisms (words of the patient's own making with new meanings).

The educational process of instructing.

The biological science concerned with the life-supporting properties, functions, and processes of living organisms or their parts.

Principles, models, and laws that apply to complex interrelationships and interdependencies of sets of linked components which form a functioning whole, a system. Any system may be composed of components which are systems in their own right (sub-systems), such as several organs within an individual organism.

The study of natural phenomena by observation, measurement, and experimentation.

A new pattern of perceptual or ideational material derived from past experience.

The assessing of academic or educational achievement. It includes all aspects of testing and test construction.

An approach or process of practicing oral health care that requires the judicious integration of systematic assessments of clinical relevant scientific evidence, relating to the patient's oral and medical condition and history, with the dentist's clinical expertise and the patient's treatment needs and preferences. (from J Am Dent Assoc 134: 689, 2003)

Investigations into the problems of integrating research findings into nursing curricula, developing problem solving skills, finding approaches to clinical teaching, determining the level of practice by graduates from different basic preparations, etc.

Relatively permanent change in behavior that is the result of past experience or practice. The concept includes the acquisition of knowledge.

The act or practice of literary composition, the occupation of writer, or producing or engaging in literary work as a profession.

A course of study offered by an educational institution.

Intellectual or mental process whereby an organism obtains knowledge.

Use for articles concerning dental education in general.

Individuals enrolled in a school of nursing or a formal educational program leading to a degree in nursing.

Persons trained in an accredited school or dental college and licensed by the state in which they reside to provide dental prophylaxis under the direction of a licensed dentist.

A love or pursuit of wisdom. A search for the underlying causes and principles of reality. (Webster, 3d ed)

Time period from 1901 through 2000 of the common era.

The body of truths or facts accumulated in the course of time, the cumulated sum of information, its volume and nature, in any civilization, period, or country.

Theoretical models which propose methods of learning or teaching as a basis or adjunct to changes in attitude or behavior. These educational interventions are usually applied in the fields of health and patient education but are not restricted to patient care.

Individuals enrolled a school of dentistry or a formal educational program in leading to a degree in dentistry.

The capability to perform acceptably those duties directly related to patient care.

The cognitive and affective processes which constitute an internalized moral governor over an individual's moral conduct.

Chronic mental disorders in which there has been an insidious development of a permanent and unshakeable delusional system (persecutory delusions or delusions of jealousy), accompanied by preservation of clear and orderly thinking. Emotional responses and behavior are consistent with the delusional state.

A cognitive process involving the formation of ideas generalized from the knowledge of qualities, aspects, and relations of objects.

Time period from 1801 through 1900 of the common era.

The science devoted to the comparative study of man.

The process of making a selective intellectual judgment when presented with several complex alternatives consisting of several variables, and usually defining a course of action or an idea.

A false belief regarding the self or persons or objects outside the self that persists despite the facts, and is not considered tenable by one's associates.

Individuals enrolled in a school or formal educational program.

The ability to attribute mental states (e.g., beliefs, desires, feelings, intentions, thoughts, etc.) to self and to others, allowing an individual to understand and infer behavior on the basis of the mental states. Difference or deficit in theory of mind is associated with ASPERGER SYNDROME; AUTISTIC DISORDER; and SCHIZOPHRENIA, etc.

The relation between the mind and the body in a religious, social, spiritual, behavioral, and metaphysical context. This concept is significant in the field of alternative medicine. It differs from the relationship between physiologic processes and behavior where the emphasis is on the body's physiology ( = PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY).

Knowing or understanding without conscious use of reasoning. (Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors, 1994)

The attempt to improve the PHENOTYPES of future generations of the human population by fostering the reproduction of those with favorable phenotypes and GENOTYPES and hampering or preventing BREEDING by those with "undesirable" phenotypes and genotypes. The concept is largely discredited. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Critical and exhaustive investigation or experimentation, having for its aim the discovery of new facts and their correct interpretation, the revision of accepted conclusions, theories, or laws in the light of newly discovered facts, or the practical application of such new or revised conclusions, theories, or laws. (Webster, 3d ed)

The rights of individuals to act and make decisions without external constraints.

Duties that are based in ETHICS, rather than in law.

The teaching staff and members of the administrative staff having academic rank in a dental school.

Standards of conduct that distinguish right from wrong.

Prejudice or discrimination based on gender or behavior or attitudes that foster stereotyped social roles based on gender.

All of the divisions of the natural sciences dealing with the various aspects of the phenomena of life and vital processes. The concept includes anatomy and physiology, biochemistry and biophysics, and the biology of animals, plants, and microorganisms. It should be differentiated from BIOLOGY, one of its subdivisions, concerned specifically with the origin and life processes of living organisms.

Use for general articles concerning nursing education.

Clusters of topics that fall within the domain of BIOETHICS, the field of study concerned with value questions that arise in biomedicine and health care delivery.

Individuals enrolled in a school or formal educational program in the health occupations.

The act or fact of grasping the meaning, nature, or importance of; understanding. (American Heritage Dictionary, 4th ed) Includes understanding by a patient or research subject of information disclosed orally or in writing.

Study of mental processes and behavior of schizophrenics.

Individuals enrolled in a school of pharmacy or a formal educational program leading to a degree in pharmacy.

The life of a person written by himself or herself. (Harrod's Librarians' Glossary, 7th ed)

Theoretical representations that simulate psychological processes and/or social processes. These include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

The end-result or objective, which may be specified or required in advance.

The philosophy or code pertaining to what is ideal in human character and conduct. Also, the field of study dealing with the principles of morality.

A philosophically coherent set of propositions (for example, utilitarianism) which attempts to provide general norms for the guidance and evaluation of moral conduct. (from Beauchamp and Childress, Principles of Biomedical Ethics, 4th ed)

The state or quality of being kind, charitable, or beneficial. (from American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th ed). The ethical principle of BENEFICENCE requires producing net benefit over harm. (Bioethics Thesaurus)

A four-year program in nursing education in a college or university leading to a B.S.N. (Bachelor of Science in Nursing). Graduates are eligible for state examination for licensure as RN (Registered Nurse).

The feeling-tone accompaniment of an idea or mental representation. It is the most direct psychic derivative of instinct and the psychic representative of the various bodily changes by means of which instincts manifest themselves.

A person's view of himself.

Use for general articles concerning medical education.

The capability to perform the duties of one's profession generally, or to perform a particular professional task, with skill of an acceptable quality.

The exchange or transmission of ideas, attitudes, or beliefs between individuals or groups.

The continuous developmental process of a culture from simple to complex forms and from homogeneous to heterogeneous qualities.

The study and practice of medicine by direct examination of the patient.

The practical application of physical, mechanical, and mathematical principles. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Stereotyped patterns of response, characteristic of a given species, that have been phylogenetically adapted to a specific type of situation.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

The process of discovering or asserting an objective or intrinsic relation between two objects or concepts; a faculty or power that enables a person to make judgments; the process of bringing to light and asserting the implicit meaning of a concept; a critical evaluation of a person or situation.

Individuals enrolled in a school of medicine or a formal educational program in medicine.

The obligations and accountability assumed in carrying out actions or ideas on behalf of others.

Formal instruction, learning, or training in the preparation, dispensing, and proper utilization of drugs in the field of medicine.

Examination of the mouth and teeth toward the identification and diagnosis of intraoral disease or manifestation of non-oral conditions.

The principles of proper professional conduct concerning the rights and duties of the dentist, relations with patients and fellow practitioners, as well as actions of the dentist in patient care and interpersonal relations with patient families. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Includes both producing and responding to words, either written or spoken.

The ability to acquire general or special types of knowledge or skill.

A personality disorder in which there are oddities of thought (magical thinking, paranoid ideation, suspiciousness), perception (illusions, depersonalization), speech (digressive, vague, overelaborate), and behavior (inappropriate affect in social interactions, frequently social isolation) that are not severe enough to characterize schizophrenia.

Educational institutions providing facilities for teaching and research and authorized to grant academic degrees.

Readiness to think or respond in a predetermined way when confronted with a problem or stimulus situation.

Conceptual functions or thinking in all its forms.

The principles of professional conduct concerning the rights and duties of the physician, relations with patients and fellow practitioners, as well as actions of the physician in patient care and interpersonal relations with patient families.

The application of a concept to that which it is not literally the same but which suggests a resemblance and comparison. Medical metaphors were widespread in ancient literature; the description of a sick body was often used by ancient writers to define a critical condition of the State, in which one corrupt part can ruin the entire system. (From Med Secoli Arte Sci, 1990;2(3):abstract 331)

A nursing specialty concerned with promoting and protecting the health of populations, using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences to develop local, regional, state, and national health policy and research. It is population-focused and community-oriented, aimed at health promotion and disease prevention through educational, diagnostic, and preventive programs.

A state of harmony between internal needs and external demands and the processes used in achieving this condition. (From APA Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed)

The application of scientific knowledge to practical purposes in any field. It includes methods, techniques, and instrumentation.

Type of declarative memory, consisting of personal memory in contrast to general knowledge.

An enduring, learned predisposition to behave in a consistent way toward a given class of objects, or a persistent mental and/or neural state of readiness to react to a certain class of objects, not as they are but as they are conceived to be.

The conscious portion of the personality structure which serves to mediate between the demands of the primitive instinctual drives, (the id), of internalized parental and social prohibitions or the conscience, (the superego), and of reality.

Sensation of enjoyment or gratification.

A chronic form of schizophrenia characterized primarily by the presence of persecutory or grandiose delusions, often associated with hallucination.