A medical-surgical specialty concerned with management and care of women during pregnancy, parturition, and the puerperium.

A medical-surgical specialty concerned with the physiology and disorders primarily of the female genital tract, as well as female endocrinology and reproductive physiology.

Hospital department responsible for the administration and management of services provided for obstetric and gynecologic patients.

Surgery performed on the pregnant woman for conditions associated with pregnancy, labor, or the puerperium. It does not include surgery of the newborn infant.

Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of conditions related to pregnancy, labor, and the puerperium and of diseases of the female genitalia. It includes also demonstration of genital and pregnancy physiology.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Insurance against loss resulting from liability for injury or damage to the persons or property of others.

Programs of training in medicine and medical specialties offered by hospitals for graduates of medicine to meet the requirements established by accrediting authorities.

Failure of a professional person, a physician or lawyer, to render proper services through reprehensible ignorance or negligence or through criminal intent, especially when injury or loss follows. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Delivery of the FETUS and PLACENTA under the care of an obstetrician or a health worker. Obstetric deliveries may involve physical, psychological, medical, or surgical interventions.

Selection of a type of occupation or profession.

Women licensed to practice medicine.

Medical problems associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR, such as BREECH PRESENTATION; PREMATURE OBSTETRIC LABOR; HEMORRHAGE; or others. These complications can affect the well-being of the mother, the FETUS, or both.

A subspecialty of Pediatrics concerned with the newborn infant.

An abnormal anatomical passage that connects the VAGINA to other organs, such as the bladder (VESICOVAGINAL FISTULA) or the rectum (RECTOVAGINAL FISTULA).

Surgery performed on the female genitalia.

Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.

A variety of anesthetic methods such as EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA used to control the pain of childbirth.

Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.

Extraction of the FETUS by means of abdominal HYSTEROTOMY.

Tumor or cancer of the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).

Organized services to provide health care to expectant and nursing mothers.

Professional nurses who have received postgraduate training in midwifery.

Excision of the uterus.

Conditions or pathological processes associated with pregnancy. They can occur during or after pregnancy, and range from minor discomforts to serious diseases that require medical interventions. They include diseases in pregnant females, and pregnancies in females with diseases.

The capability to perform acceptably those duties directly related to patient care.

Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.

Organized services to provide health care to women. It excludes maternal care services for which MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES is available.

A medical specialty concerned with the provision of continuing, comprehensive primary health care for the entire family.

An occupation limited in scope to a subsection of a broader field.

Individuals enrolled in a school of medicine or a formal educational program in medicine.

Excess blood loss from uterine bleeding associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR or CHILDBIRTH. It is defined as blood loss greater than 500 ml or of the amount that adversely affects the maternal physiology, such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEMATOCRIT. Postpartum hemorrhage is divided into two categories, immediate (within first 24 hours after birth) or delayed (after 24 hours postpartum).

An infection occurring in PUERPERIUM, the period of 6-8 weeks after giving birth.

The practice of assisting women in childbirth.

Any drug treatment modality designed to inhibit UTERINE CONTRACTION. It is used in pregnant women to arrest PREMATURE LABOR.

Time period from 1801 through 1900 of the common era.

Pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (GENITALIA, FEMALE).

The bond or lack thereof between a pregnant woman and her FETUS.

The alterations of modes of medical practice, induced by the threat of liability, for the principal purposes of forestalling lawsuits by patients as well as providing good legal defense in the event that such lawsuits are instituted.

An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.

Attitudes of personnel toward their patients, other professionals, toward the medical care system, etc.

Results of conception and ensuing pregnancy, including LIVE BIRTH; STILLBIRTH; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION; INDUCED ABORTION. The outcome may follow natural or artificial insemination or any of the various ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES, such as EMBRYO TRANSFER or FERTILIZATION IN VITRO.

Major administrative divisions of the hospital.

Care provided the pregnant woman in order to prevent complications, and decrease the incidence of maternal and prenatal mortality.

Accountability and responsibility to another, enforceable by civil or criminal sanctions.

Undergraduate education programs for second- , third- , and fourth-year students in health sciences in which the students receive clinical training and experience in teaching hospitals or affiliated health centers.

Onset of HYPERREFLEXIA; SEIZURES; or COMA in a previously diagnosed pre-eclamptic patient (PRE-ECLAMPSIA).

The branch of medicine dealing with the fetus and infant during the perinatal period. The perinatal period begins with the twenty-eighth week of gestation and ends twenty-eight days after birth. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Patterns of practice related to diagnosis and treatment as especially influenced by cost of the service requested and provided.

Hospitals located in a rural area.

Extraction of the fetus by means of obstetrical instruments.

The construction or arrangement of a task so that it may be done with the greatest possible efficiency.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Surgical instrument designed to extract the newborn by the head from the maternal passages without injury to it or the mother.

Time period from 1901 through 2000 of the common era.

The visualization of tissues during pregnancy through recording of the echoes of ultrasonic waves directed into the body. The procedure may be applied with reference to the mother or the fetus and with reference to organs or the detection of maternal or fetal disease.

Disorders or diseases associated with PUERPERIUM, the six-to-eight-week period immediately after PARTURITION in humans.

A course of study offered by an educational institution.

Maternal deaths resulting from complications of pregnancy and childbirth in a given population.

An infant during the first month after birth.

Hospitals engaged in educational and research programs, as well as providing medical care to the patients.

Use for general articles concerning medical education.

A province of western Canada, lying between the provinces of British Columbia and Saskatchewan. Its capital is Edmonton. It was named in honor of Princess Louise Caroline Alberta, the fourth daughter of Queen Victoria. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p26 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p12)

The repetitive uterine contraction during childbirth which is associated with the progressive dilation of the uterine cervix (CERVIX UTERI). Successful labor results in the expulsion of the FETUS and PLACENTA. Obstetric labor can be spontaneous or induced (LABOR, INDUCED).

Health services, public or private, in rural areas. The services include the promotion of health and the delivery of health care.

A malignant cystic or semicystic neoplasm. It often occurs in the ovary and usually bilaterally. The external surface is usually covered with papillary excrescences. Microscopically, the papillary patterns are predominantly epithelial overgrowths with differentiated and undifferentiated papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma cells. Psammoma bodies may be present. The tumor generally adheres to surrounding structures and produces ascites. (From Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972, p185)

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Educational programs for medical graduates entering a specialty. They include formal specialty training as well as academic work in the clinical and basic medical sciences, and may lead to board certification or an advanced medical degree.

Geographic area in which a professional person practices; includes primarily physicians and dentists.

Stipends or grants-in-aid granted by foundations or institutions to individuals for study.

Professional medical personnel approved to provide care to patients in a hospital.

Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient.

Bleeding from blood vessels in the UTERUS, sometimes manifested as vaginal bleeding.

Those physicians who have completed the education requirements specified by the American Academy of Family Physicians.

Women who are engaged in gainful activities usually outside the home.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

A province of Canada lying between the provinces of Manitoba and Quebec. Its capital is Toronto. It takes its name from Lake Ontario which is said to represent the Iroquois oniatariio, beautiful lake. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p892 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p391)

Carbohydrate antigen most commonly seen in tumors of the ovary and occasionally seen in breast, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract tumors and normal tissue. CA 125 is clearly tumor-associated but not tumor-specific.

Neoplasms composed of glandular tissue, an aggregation of epithelial cells that elaborate secretions, and of any type of epithelium itself. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in the various glands or in epithelial tissue.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and an INFECTION. The infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Statistical measures of utilization and other aspects of the provision of health care services including hospitalization and ambulatory care.

A specialty in which manual or operative procedures are used in the treatment of disease, injuries, or deformities.

Educational programs designed to inform physicians of recent advances in their field.

A mixed adenocarcinoma and squamous cell or epidermoid carcinoma.

Pregnancy in which the mother and/or FETUS are at greater than normal risk of MORBIDITY or MORTALITY. Causes include inadequate PRENATAL CARE, previous obstetrical history (ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS), pre-existing maternal disease, pregnancy-induced disease (GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION), and MULTIPLE PREGNANCY, as well as advanced maternal age above 35.

Hospitals maintained by a university for the teaching of medical students, postgraduate training programs, and clinical research.

An incision of the posterior vaginal wall and a portion of the pudenda which enlarges the vaginal introitus to facilitate delivery and prevent lacerations.

The genital canal in the female, extending from the UTERUS to the VULVA. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Physiologic or biochemical monitoring of the fetus. It is usually done during LABOR, OBSTETRIC and may be performed in conjunction with the monitoring of uterine activity. It may also be performed prenatally as when the mother is undergoing surgery.

Reinfusion of blood or blood products derived from the patient's own circulation. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS.

The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a cardiovascular disease. The disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION and it may or may not have a deleterious effect on the pregnant woman or FETUS.

Pathophysiological conditions of the FETUS in the UTERUS. Some fetal diseases may be treated with FETAL THERAPIES.

Published materials which provide an examination of recent or current literature. Review articles can cover a wide range of subject matter at various levels of completeness and comprehensiveness based on analyses of literature that may include research findings. The review may reflect the state of the art. It also includes reviews as a literary form.

The total amount of work to be performed by an individual, a department, or other group of workers in a period of time.

Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.