Warfare involving the use of living organisms or their products as disease etiologic agents against people, animals, or plants.

An acute infection caused by the spore-forming bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics.

Tactical warfare using incendiary mixtures, smokes, or irritant, burning, or asphyxiating gases.

Living organisms or their toxic products that are used to cause disease or death of humans during WARFARE.

A genus of parasitic FUNGI in the family Nosematidae. Some species are pathogenic for invertebrates of economic importance while others are being researched for possible roles in controlling pest INSECTS. They are also pathogenic in humans.

The use of biological agents in TERRORISM. This includes the malevolent use of BACTERIA; VIRUSES; or other BIOLOGICAL TOXINS against people, ANIMALS; or PLANTS.

An acute, highly contagious, often fatal infectious disease caused by an orthopoxvirus characterized by a biphasic febrile course and distinctive progressive skin eruptions. Vaccination has succeeded in eradicating smallpox worldwide. (Dorland, 28th ed)

A highly toxic gas that has been used as a chemical warfare agent. It is an insidious poison as it is not irritating immediately, even when fatal concentrations are inhaled. (From The Merck Index, 11th ed, p7304)

A species of bacteria that causes ANTHRAX in humans and animals.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent ANTHRAX.

A live VACCINIA VIRUS vaccine of calf lymph or chick embryo origin, used for immunization against smallpox. It is now recommended only for laboratory workers exposed to smallpox virus. Certain countries continue to vaccinate those in the military service. Complications that result from smallpox vaccination include vaccinia, secondary bacterial infections, and encephalomyelitis. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Non-native organisms brought into a region, habitat, or ECOSYSTEM by human activity.

INSECTS of the order Coleoptera, containing over 350,000 species in 150 families. They possess hard bodies and their mouthparts are adapted for chewing.

A plague-like disease of rodents, transmissible to man. It is caused by FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS and is characterized by fever, chills, headache, backache, and weakness.

The etiologic agent of TULAREMIA in man and other warm-blooded animals.

Weapons that are capable of a high order of destruction and/or of being used to destroy large numbers of people. It includes NUCLEAR WEAPONS, and biological, chemical, and radiation weapons.

A weapon that derives its destructive force from nuclear fission and/or fusion.

Toxic substances formed in or elaborated by bacteria; they are usually proteins with high molecular weight and antigenicity; some are used as antibiotics and some to skin test for the presence of or susceptibility to certain diseases.

Small-arms weapons, including handguns, pistols, revolvers, rifles, shotguns, etc.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

Warfare involving the use of NUCLEAR WEAPONS.

The material that descends to the earth or water well beyond the site of a surface or subsurface nuclear explosion. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Chemical and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Skin diseases caused by bacteria.

Disruption of structural continuity of the body as a result of the discharge of firearms.

'Horns' is not a term used in medical terminology; however, in a general context, it may refer to abnormal bony growths arising from the skull, which can be caused by various conditions such as tumors, cysts, or genetic disorders.

The removal of contaminating material, such as radioactive materials, biological materials, or CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS, from a person or object.

Heat and stain resistant, metabolically inactive bodies formed within the vegetative cells of bacteria of the genera Bacillus and Clostridium.

Cell surface receptors that bind peptide messengers with high affinity and regulate intracellular signals which influence the behavior of cells.

Hostile conflict between organized groups of people.

The collective name for islands of the Pacific Ocean east of the Philippines, including the Mariana, PALAU, Caroline, Marshall, and Kiribati Islands. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p761 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p350)

The injuries caused by conducted energy weapons such as stun guns, shock batons, and cattle prods.

The use or threatened use of force or violence against persons or property in violation of criminal laws for purposes of intimidation, coercion, or ransom, in support of political or social objectives.

Regulations to assure protection of property and equipment.

Substances and materials manufactured for use in various technologies and industries and for domestic use.

Individual or group aggressive behavior which is socially non-acceptable, turbulent, and often destructive. It is precipitated by frustrations, hostility, prejudices, etc.

Procedures outlined for the care of casualties and the maintenance of services in disasters.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Antisera from immunized animals that is purified and used as a passive immunizing agent against specific BACTERIAL TOXINS.

Agencies of the FEDERAL GOVERNMENT of the United States.

Deliberate and planned acts of unlawful behavior engaged in by aggrieved segments of the population in seeking social change.

"Military science" is not typically considered a medical term, but rather refers to the study and practice of the techniques, methods, and theories used in warfare, including strategy, tactics, logistics, and military technology.

Devices or tools used in combat or fighting in order to kill or incapacitate.

Injuries resulting when a person is struck by particles impelled with violent force from an explosion. Blast causes pulmonary concussion and hemorrhage, laceration of other thoracic and abdominal viscera, ruptured ear drums, and minor effects in the central nervous system. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.

A synthetic tetracycline derivative with similar antimicrobial activity.