Using GafChromic film to estimate the effective dose from dental cone beam CT and panoramic radiography.
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Enzymatic hydrolysis of gelatin layers of X-Ray films and release of silver particles using keratinolytic serine proteases from Purpureocillium lilacinum LPS # 876.
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Enzymatic decomposition of gelatin layers on used X-ray films and repeated utilization of the enzyme for potential application in silver recovery were investigated using keratinolytic serine proteases from Purpureocillium lilacinum LPS # 876. At pH 9.0, the enzymatic reaction was enhanced by the increase of enzyme concentration or by the increase of the temperature up to 60. Under the conditions of 6.9 U/ml, 60, and pH 9.0, hydrolysis of the gelatin layers and the resulting release of silver particles were achieved within 6 min. The protective effect of polyols against thermal denaturation was investigated. The presence of glycerol and propylene glycol increased enzyme stability. When the reusability of the enzyme for gelatin hydrolysis was tested, it could be seen that it could be effectively reused for more cycles when glycerol was added, compared with the enzyme without protective agents. The results of these repeated treatments suggested that a continuous process of recycling silver from used X-ray is feasible. Keeping in mind that recycling is (at the present time) needed and imperative, it can be remarked that, in this research, three wastes were successfully used: hair waste in order to produce serine proteases; glycerol in order to enhance enzyme thermal stability; and used Xray films in order to recover silver and PET films. (+info)
Phenotypic diversity in white adults with moderate to severe Class III malocclusion.
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Evaluation of screening whole-breast sonography as a supplemental tool in conjunction with mammography in women with dense breasts.
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Adaptation aftereffects in the perception of radiological images.
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Simplified X-ray film method for detection of bacterial volatilization of mercury chloride by Escherichia coli.
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A simplified X-ray film method for detecting bacterial production of Hgo by Escherichia coli was developed. There was excellent agreement of results between this X-ray film method and radioactive mercury volatilization assays. Although not quantitative, the X-ray film method has the advantages of being rapid, simple to perform, and inexpensive. (+info)
Some factors influencing interobserver variation in classifying simple pneumoconiosis.
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Three experienced physician readers assessed the chest radiographs of 743 men from a coal mining community in West Virginia for the signs of simple pneumoconiosis, using the ILO U/C 1971 Classification of Radiographs of the Pneumoconioses. The number of films categorised by each reader as showing evidence of simple pneumoconiosis varied from 63 (8.5%) to 114 (15.3%) of the 743 films classified. The effect of film quality and obesity on interobserver agreement was assessed by use of kappa-type analytic procedures for measuring agreement on categorical data. Poor film quality and obesity both affected agreement adversely. Poor quality films were disproportionately frequent in obese individuals, as defined by the Quetelet index. On control of film quality by stratification, the effect of obesity on interobserver profusion agreement was no longer evident. (+info)
Improved record keeping and photography of silver-stained two-dimensional electrophoretograms by way of "XRD images".
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Kodak X-Ray Duplication film provides a relatively simple and inexpensive medium for producing full-size positive-image transparencies ("XRD images") from silver-stained two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoretograms. In these XRD images, the spot or band pattern of a polychromatic silver-stained gel is represented as black against a clear background, regardless of the color of the spot in the gel itself. Thus, XRD images may be overlapped with transillumination for visual gel-to-gel comparisons, may be easily subjected to scanning densitometry, and may have the exposure adjusted to provide the proper background for black-and-white photography. I describe here the details of the XRD method and the design of a new apparatus for producing XRD images in a wet-gel "contact-print" format, which improves the method. (+info)