Impact of mass distribution of free long-lasting insecticidal nets on childhood malaria morbidity: the Togo National Integrated Child Health Campaign.
(26/70)
Risk factors for surgical wound infection in HIV-positive patients undergoing surgery for orthopaedic trauma.
(27/70)
PURPOSE: To identify risk factors associated with surgical wound infection in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) undergoing surgery for orthopaedic trauma. METHODS: Records of 29 male and 7 female HIV-positive patients aged 18 to 47 years who underwent surgery for orthopaedic trauma were reviewed. Data on HIV-specific variables (HIV clinical classification, CD4+ lymphocyte count) and highly active antiretroviral therapy were retrieved, as were data on wound class, fracture type, surgery type, surgical wound infections, and outcomes. Possible risk factors associated with surgical wound infection were analysed. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 27 (range, 19-41) months. Of the 36 patients, 14 (39%) developed surgical wound infections (4 were deep and 10 superficial). 89% and 67% of them were in HIV clinical category B and in CD4+ T-lymphocyte category 3, respectively. 12 of these infections resolved after debridement and prolonged antibiotic treatment, and 2 developed chronic osteomyelitis. Four of the patients had non-union. Surgical wound infections were associated with HIV clinical category B (p<0.001), CD4+ T-lymphocyte category of more than or equal to 2 (p=0.041), and contaminated wounds (p=0.003). CONCLUSION: Identification of risk factors may help minimise morbidity in HIV-positive patients. (+info)
Knowledge and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adult people living with HIV/AIDS treated in the health care centers of the association "Espoir Vie Togo" in Togo, West Africa.
(28/70)
Reproductive capacities and development of a seed Bruchid beetle, Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus, a potential host for the mass rearing of the parasitoid, Dinarmus basalis.
(29/70)
Rapid scale-up of long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets through integration into the national immunization program during child health week in Togo, 2004.
(30/70)
Increased bioavailability of mercury in the lagoons of Lomb, Togo: the possible role of dredging.
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Surface sediments of the lagoons of Lome, Togo, were analyzed for mercury, methylmercury, and trace elements. Concentrations were greater than typical for natural lagoon sediments, and with greater variability within the Eastern lagoon compared to the Western one. The Eastern lagoon is larger and has been dredged in the past, while the Western lagoon, which also receives major waste inputs, has not been dredged and shows less tidal flushing. Accordingly, one naturally believes that the Eastern lagoon is cleaner and probably safe to use due to its natural resources, including fishes to eat. Unexpectedly, we describe here that mercury methylation was greater in the Eastern lagoon, indicating increased bioavailability of mercury, as probably facilitated by past dredging that decreased solid-phase retention of inorganic mercury. Urbanization has historically been more developed in the southern part of the lagoons, which is still reflected in contamination levels of sediment despite dredging, probably because sources of contamination are still more important there today. Such urban contamination emphasizes the need to regulate waste discharges and possible airborne contamination in growing cities of developing countries, and implements environmental and public health monitoring, especially in relation to misbelieves systematically associated with the cleansing effect of dredging activity. (+info)