Encapsulation of shiitake (Lenthinus edodes) flavors by spray drying.
(1/5)
Powdery encapsulation of shiitake flavors, extracted from dried shiitake, was investigated by spray drying. Flavor retention increased with an increase in drying air temperature and solid content, and decreased with an increase in dextrose equivalents of maltodextrin. A heat-treatment of the extract liquid made the lenthionine concentration increase, but did not influence the concentrations of the other flavors. The formation of lenthionine with heat-treatment could be described by the consecutive unimolecular-type first order reaction. Lenthionine content in a spray-dried powder prepared with the heated extracted liquid significantly increased. alpha-Cyclodextrin was the most suitable encapsulant of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrins to prepare the spray-dried powder, including lenthionine. The flavor retentions were markedly increased by using of alpha-cyclodextrin and maltodextrin in combination as an encapsulant. (+info)
Platinum (II) complexes with stereochemically-defined thiepane dioxide diamine ligands as anticancer drugs.
(2/5)
Platinum (II) complexes are accredited with biological activities. New complexes with thiepane dioxide diamine as ligands, characterized by defined stereochemical features, a flexible 7-membered thiepane moiety and by C2 symmetry, were prepared. The complexes, related to the diamino cyclohexane family of platinum complexes, were soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide with the solvent substituting one chloride ion. These positively-charged complexes were tested against a human carcinoma cell line A431 and its cisplatin-resistant counterpart A431/Pt and were found to show: i) capability in bypassing cisplatin-resistance; ii) cytotoxicity comparable to that of oxaliplatin; iii) lower activity than cisplatin. In both cells lines, [PtCl(DACH)(DMSO)]+ was more cytotoxic than oxaliplatin. The best activity was shown by the platinum complexes with ligands which presented C2 symmetry. (+info)
Discovery of a novel class of AKT pleckstrin homology domain inhibitors.
(3/5)
Characterization of DNA damage and cytotoxicity induced in two human colon carcinoma cell lines by cyclodisone.
(4/5)
Cyclodisone is an active alkylating antitumor agent that is being considered for Phase 1 clinical trials in humans and is currently undergoing toxicological evaluation. Cyclodisone was found to be more toxic to human colon carcinoma cells of the Mer- phenotype (BE) than cells of the Mer+ phenotype (HT-29). DNA interstrand cross-links were observed in the sensitive cell line but only at concentrations which were extremely toxic. No DNA interstrand cross-links were observed in the resistant cell line. Total DNA cross-links, which reflect both DNA interstrand and DNA-protein cross-linking, were observed in either cell type but were greater in quantity and persisted longer in the sensitive BE cell line, when compared to those produced in the resistant HT-29 cell line. DNA strand breaks were also observed in both cell types and were found to be protein associated. The mechanism of action of cyclodisone would appear to be related to the presence of total DNA cross-links and might involve an, as yet, unidentified DNA-protein interaction. (+info)
DNA reactivity and in vitro cytotoxicity of the novel antitumor agent 1,5,2,4-dioxadithiepane-2,2,4,4-tetraoxide (NSC-348948) in human embryo cells.
(5/5)
1,5,2,4-Dioxadithiepane-2,2,4,4-tetraoxide (cyclic-SoSo) is structurally a novel synthetic compound but may functionally act as an alkylating agent. The effects of cyclic-SoSo on DNA were studied in IMR-90 and VA-13 human embryo cells by means of DNA alkaline elution analysis. In contrast to a number of bifunctional alkylating agents, cyclic-SoSo produced no DNA-DNA interstrand cross-links in either cell line, even at concentration which produced a greater than 3 log cell kill. At equimolar concentrations cyclic-SoSo induced DNA-protein cross-links in both cell lines to a similar extent. Frank DNA breaks and alkali-labile DNA lesions were detected in both cell lines. A greater quantity of strand breaks appeared in the IMR-90 than in the VA-13 cell line after exposure to cyclic-SoSo. However, cyclic-SoSo was more cytotoxic to the VA-13 cell line in vitro than to the IMR-90 cell line. Thus cyclic-SoSo may not be a typical bifunctional alkylating agent in that its mechanism of action does not appear to involve DNA interstrand cross-linking. (+info)