Phonological performance measured by speech severity indices compared with correlated factors. (9/53)

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Some factors seem to influence speech impairment among phonologically disordered children. The aim was to compare severity indices with some correlated factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational, analytical and cross-sectional study conducted within the Language-Speech-Hearing Sciences Course, Universidade de Sao Paulo. METHOD: Fifty phonologically disordered children with ages ranging from 4 to 11 years took part. The indices were calculated from phonology tests and were correlated with anamnesis and audiological data. Students t test and Spearmans correlation were used to compare percentages of consonants correct (PCC) and process density index (PDI) for children with and without otitis, upper respiratory histories and audiological abnormalities, with regard to whether or not they were comprehended during assessment, their ages when they started to speak and their ages at the assessment. RESULTS: The higher the age at the assessment was, the higher the PCC (imitation: 0.468; naming: 0.431; Spearmans correlation) and the lower the PDI (imitation: 0.459; naming: 0.431); the later the child started to speak, the lower the PCC (imitation p = 0.064; naming p = 0.050) and the higher the PDI (imitation p = 0.067; naming p = 0.042). There were differences between groups with and without upper respiratory history (PCC: imitation p = 0.016, naming p = 0.005; PDI: imitation p = 0.014, naming p = 0.008). There was no difference between the groups regarding otitis, comprehension during the assessment and audiological data. CONCLUSIONS: Children with upper respiratory histories who began to speak later presented more severe speech impairment indices.  (+info)

Language universals in human brains. (10/53)

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Resolving ambiguity: a psycholinguistic approach to understanding prosody processing in high-functioning autism. (11/53)

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Phrase boundary effects on the temporal kinematics of sequential tongue tip consonants. (12/53)

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A magnetic resonance imaging-based articulatory and acoustic study of "retroflex" and "bunched" American English /r/. (13/53)

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Accuracy assessment for AG500, electromagnetic articulograph. (14/53)

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Vertical interincisal trespass assessment in children with speech disorders. (15/53)

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Dysarthric Bengali speech: a neurolinguistic study. (16/53)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Dysarthria affects linguistic domains such as respiration, phonation, articulation, resonance and prosody due to upper motor neuron, lower motor neuron, cerebellar or extrapyramidal tract lesions. Although Bengali is one of the major languages globally, dysarthric Bengali speech has not been subjected to neurolinguistic analysis. We attempted such an analysis with the goal of identifying the speech defects in native Bengali speakers in various types of dysarthria encountered in neurological disorders. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 66 dysarthric subjects, predominantly middle-aged males, attending the Neuromedicine OPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Kolkata. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After neurological examination, an instrument comprising commonly used Bengali words and a text block covering all Bengali vowels and consonants were used to carry out perceptual analysis of dysarthric speech. From recorded speech, 24 parameters pertaining to five linguistic domains were assessed. The Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance, Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used for analysis. RESULTS: The dysarthria types were spastic (15 subjects), flaccid (10), mixed (12), hypokinetic (12), hyperkinetic (9) and ataxic (8). Of the 24 parameters assessed, 15 were found to occur in one or more types with a prevalence of at least 25%. Imprecise consonant was the most frequently occurring defect in most dysarthrias. The spectrum of defects in each type was identified. Some parameters were capable of distinguishing between types. CONCLUSIONS: This perceptual analysis has defined linguistic defects likely to be encountered in dysarthric Bengali speech in neurological disorders. The speech distortion can be described and distinguished by a limited number of parameters. This may be of importance to the speech therapist and neurologist in planning rehabilitation and further management.  (+info)