Economic stress in childhood and adulthood, and self-rated health: a population based study concerning risk accumulation, critical period and social mobility.
(49/64)
Integrating social science and behavioral genetics: testing the origin of socioeconomic disparities in depression using a genetically informed design.
(52/64)
Impaired black health professionals: vulnerabilities and treatment approaches.
(54/64)
The impaired black health professional is in a unique position in American society. Factors that contribute to this uniqueness include: the small number of black health professionals, which limits resources for program development and referrals; overt and covert racism in society and in medical school curriculums; differences in black and white drug and alcohol abuse and suicide patterns; and upward mobility, which tends to isolate the black professional from black support systems. These factors need to be recognized by the health care profession. Bias-free investigations are needed to provide more information on ethnic differences so that impaired health professional programs and services may give more appropriate treatment. (+info)
The contribution of European case registers to research on schizophrenia.
(55/64)
Psychiatric case registers have become important instruments for epidemiological research and for the evaluation of care provided for persons suffering from schizophrenia. Under the condition of a sufficient provision of care, case registers permit relatively reliable estimates of "treated" incidence and prevalence, and enable the investigation of associations between morbidity risks, disease courses, and variables such as ecological, social, and occupational factors. The linkage with twin, adoption, and birth registers provides new opportunities for the investigation of the impact of genetic versus environmental factors on the probability of becoming ill with schizophrenia. On the basis of long-term utilization figures, case registers enable a valid measure for controlling utilization, effectiveness, quality, and costs of care. Because case registers take demographic and regional factors into account, they enable better planning of mental health services--a task that grows more important with the shift from hospital-based to community-based treatment, especially for the chronic patients. (+info)
Social class mortality differentials: artefact, selection or life circumstances?
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Data from 10 years follow up of mortality in the OPCS Longitudinal Study are used to relate deaths of men in 1976-81 to their social class as recorded by the 1971 census. Explanations of social class mortality differentials are critically reviewed in the light of these new data. The similarity between the class differentials observed for men aged 15-64 years in this study and those reported in the 1970-2 Decennial Supplement on Occupational Mortality indicate that the published gradients were not in fact grossly distorted by numerator denominator biases. Distortions to gradients observed in the early years of the longitudinal study and ascribed to selective health related mobility out of employment from the principal social classes to the permanently sick had largely worn off after five years of follow up. Sharp gradients at ages over 75 years, similar to those at younger ages, suggest that, for men aged over 50 years, selective health related mobility between social classes does not contribute to differentials in mortality. (+info)