Effect of chloride ions on anthrasesamone C production in a Sesamum indicum hairy root culture and identification of the precursor for its abiotic formation.
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The content of anthrasesamone C (5), a rare chlorine-containing anthraquinone, in a hairy root culture of Sesamum indicum increased with increasing chloride ion concentration in the culture medium and reached a maximum at 100 mM. However, the amount of anthrasesamone C (5) in the extract obtained from the hairy roots was increased by incubating the extract. This result suggests that anthrasesamone C (5) was produced from an unidentified metabolite by an abiotic process. 2,3-Epoxyanthrasesamone B (1), a precursor for the non-enzymatic formation of anthrasesamone C (5), was isolated from S. indicum hairy roots cultured in a chloride-deficient medium. Its structure was elucidated to be 2,3-epoxy-9,10-dihydroxy-2-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)-2,3-dihydroanthracene-1,4-dio ne by spectroscopic methods. (+info)
Complete chloroplast genome sequences of important oilseed crop Sesamum indicum L.
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Myostimulating effect of sesamum radiatum aqueous leaf extract in isolated Guinea-pig Taenia caeci contractile activity.
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This study was carried to examine the effects of the aqueous leaf extract of Sesamum radiatum, a laxative plant on the contractile activity of Taenia caeci, an intestinal smooth muscle. Strips of Taenia caeci were rapidly removed from guinea-pig and were suspended between two L-shaped stainless steel hooks in a 10 ml organ bath with Mac Ewen solution. The isometric contractile force of the Taenia caeci strips were recorded by using a strain gauge. S. radiatum aqueous leaf extract (ESera) is a spasmogenic substance. This myostimulant effect is characterized by the increase of the rhythm and the amplitude of isolated guinea-pig Taenia caeci smooth muscle in normal solution and by the development of contracture in modified solution and in solution without calcium. A similar effect was observed with ACh which caused a graded increase of the contractile activity of Taenia caeci. The effects induced by ESera and ACh were reversed in the presence of atropine. The spasmogenic effect induced by ESera could justify partially the use of S. radiatum as laxative in traditional medicine. (+info)
Identification of the metabolites of episesamin in rat bile and human liver microsomes.
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Episesamin is an isomer of sesamin, resulting from the refining process of non-roasted sesame seed oil. Episesamin has two methylendioxyphenyl groups on exo and endo faces of the bicyclic skeleton. The side methylendioxyphenyl group was metabolized by cytochrome-P450. Seven metabolites of episesamin were found in rat bile after treatment with glucuronidase/arylsulfatase and were identified using NMR and MS. The seven metabolites were (7alpha,7'beta,8alpha,8'alpha)-3,4-dihydroxy-3',4'-methylenedioxy-7,9':7',9-diepo xylignane (EC-1-1), (7alpha,7'beta,8alpha,8'alpha)-3,4-methylenedioxy-3',4'-dihydroxy-7,9':7',9-diepo xylignane (EC-1-2) and (7alpha,7'beta,8alpha,8'alpha)-3,4:3',4'-bis(dihydroxy)-7,9':7',9-diepoxylignane (EC-2), (7alpha,7'beta,8alpha,8'alpha)-3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-3',4'-methylenedioxy-7,9':7',9 -diepoxylignane (EC-1m-1), (7alpha,7'beta,8alpha,8'alpha)-3,4-methylenedioxy-3'-methoxy-4'-hydroxy-7,9':7',9 -diepoxylignane (EC-1m-2), (7alpha,7'beta,8alpha,8'alpha)-3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-3',4'-dihydroxy-7,9':7',9-diep oxylignane (EC-2m-1) and (7alpha,7'beta,8alpha,8'alpha)-3,4-dihydroxy-3'-methoxy-4'-hydroxy-7,9':7',9-diep oxylignane (EC-2m-2). EC-1-1, EC-1-2 and EC-2 were also identified as metabolites of episesamin in human liver microsomes. These results suggested that similar metabolic pathways of episesamin could be proposed in rats and humans. (+info)
Development and validation of genic-SSR markers in sesame by RNA-seq.
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