Circumferential flow reduction during percutaneous embolotherapy of extracranial vascular malformations: the "cookie-cutter" technique.
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We describe a simple, inexpensive, and very effective method of achieving circumferential flow reduction during direct percutaneous cyanoacrylate embolization of a high-flow vascular malformation of the scalp. By using a plastic "cookie cutter" placed over the lesion and applying various degrees of pressure, both venous outflow from and arterial inflow into the lesion were limited. This flow reduction technique improved both the efficacy and safety of the procedure. (+info)
Localized scalp hair shedding caused by Pheidole ants and overwiew of similar case reports.
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Localized hair shedding caused by Pheidole ants is reported as a newly recognized type of hair loss, mimicking alopecia areata. We report two cases from Kerman, Iran. This sudden hair loss demonstrates that ants such as the Pheidole dimorphic species can cause hair shedding. Fairly clean cutting of the scalp hair takes place just a few micrometers above the skin surface and simulates alopecia areata or mechanical shaving of scalp hair. This infestation has not been reported from other countries, and this report is the second from Iran. (+info)
Isolated scalp involvement with pityriasis versicolor alba (pityrias versicolor albus capitis) in a patient from a dry, temperate region.
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Pityriasis versicolor (tinea versicolor) is a common superficial fungal infection of the skin involving the hyphal (filamentous) form of Pityrosporum orbiculare. Clinical cutaneous infection is common in humid, tropical climates, but declines to less than 5 percent in temperate climates. Isolated face or scalp involvement is rare. We present a boy living in a temperate region who had sudden onset of scalp and hairline involvement with tinea versicolor. (+info)
Magnetoencephalographic analysis of bilaterally synchronous discharges in benign rolandic epilepsy of childhood.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the spatial and temporal relationship between bilateral foci of bilaterally synchronous discharges in benign rolandic epilepsy of childhood (BREC) using a whole-scalp neuromagnetometer. We simultaneously recorded interictal magnetoencephalographic (MEG) and electroencephalographic (EEG) signals in six children with BREC. Interictal spikes were classified into three groups: bilaterally synchronous discharges (BSDs), unilateral discharges on right side (UD-R), and unilateral discharges on left side (UD-L). We used equivalent current dipole (ECD) modelling to analyse the cortical sources of interictal spikes. Both BSDs and UDs were found in Patients 1-4, whereas only UDs were identified in Patients 5 and 6. The ECDs of interictal spikes were located in rolandic regions, 10-20mm anterior and lateral to hand somatosensory cortices. Multi-dipole analysis of BSDs showed two ECDs in homotopic motor areas of the hemispheres. During BSDs, the right-sided activation preceded the left-sided activation by 15-21 milliseconds in Patients 1 and 2. In Patients 3 and 4, the activation occurred 17-20 milliseconds earlier in the left than the right hemisphere. Within the same hemisphere, the sources of BSDs and UDs were located in similar areas. In conclusion, our results imply the cortical epileptogenicity in bilateral perirolandic areas in BREC. The sequential activation during BSDs in both hemispheres suggest the existence of synaptic connections, possibly via the corpus callosum, between bilateral irritative foci. (+info)
Postmarketing surveillance study of permethrin creme rinse.
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BACKGROUND: An observational, epidemiological study was undertaken to evaluate the safety of permethrin 1% creme rinse (Nix) for treatment of head lice infestations. METHODS: Thirty-seven local public health departments enrolled a total of 38,160 patients for 47,578 treatments with permethrin or other pediculicides from September 1, 1986, through January 31, 1988. Follow-up safety information was collected between 7 and 14 days following treatment via return visit or telephone contact. RESULTS: One hundred three adverse events were reported among 41,955 evaluable treatments. The rates of reported adverse events were 2.2 per 1000 treatments among permethrin treatments, 3.4 per 1000 treatments among lindane treatments, and 1.5 per 1000 treatments among other over-the-counter treatments. No serious, unexpected adverse events were detected in the 18,950 patients treated with permethrin. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed the safety profile of permethrin in conditions of general use, as seen in clinical trials. Postmarketing safety monitoring in public health departments of drugs used to treat public health conditions was shown to be feasible. (+info)
Griseofulvin in the mass treatment of tinea capitis.
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The prevalence of ringworm of the scalp in many countries, and the fact that many of the current measures to control it are inconvenient for mass use, lend particular interest to the account given in this paper of mass treatment of tinea capitis in an Arab village in Israel. A total of 446 cases were treated, on an ambulatory basis, with a single daily dose (25-30 mg/kg) of griseofulvin, and it was found that clinical cure, confirmed by microscopy, was achieved in 3-6 weeks in the majority. All cases were cured after 10 weeks' treatment.A preliminary study on 25 hospitalized children had previously shown the drug to be effective and apparently safe, the only side-effects encountered in these children and in the Arab village being nausea, furunculosis and drug eruption. No relapses were seen in the 25 children, who were followed up for from two to six months. (+info)
Nerve sheath myxoma (neurothekeoma)--a case report.
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A case of nerve sheath myxoma also called as neurothekeoma in a 33-year-old woman is described. The lesion appeared as a painful, elevated nodule on the scalp for several months, without an appreciable increase in size. Microscopically, it showed typical histologic characteristics of nerve sheath myxoma, and tumor cells revealed strong, positive reaction for S-100 protein and negativity for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) on immunohistochemical staining. These immunohistochemical findings of this case support the view that the origin cells of this tumor may be schwann cells rather than perineurial cells. The histogenesis and differential diagnosis of this tumor are discussed. (+info)
VISIBLE MASSES OF THE CRANIAL VAULT AND ITS COVERINGS.
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A clinico-pathologic recapitulation of experiences with a variety of masses which are visible and palpable and involve the cranium has led to the realization that examples of almost every major category of disease may be encountered. A review of the many varieties broadens our perspective of the diagnostic possibilities when confronted with a new case. The apparently innocent nature of scalp masses may be misleading, and this review can assist in alerting us to the need for stepwise investigation in tracking down the extent of involvement, especially intracranially. The use of limited office surgical procedures should be reserved for the simplest sebaceous cysts and other, readily identifiable, masses entirely limited to the scalp. The midline mass, in particular, deserves respect for its possible continuity with meninges or neural tissue. It should be remembered that the cranial mass may also be a manifestation of more widespread disease processes. (+info)