Effect of octenidine dihydrochloride on viability of protoscoleces in hepatic and pulmonary hydatid diseases.
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BACKGROUND: Use of effective scolicidal agents during puncture, aspiration or injection of a scolicidal agent and reaspiration (PAIR) and surgery for hydatid cysts are essential to reduce the recurrence rate. In this in vitro study, we tried to determine the scolicidal property of a new agent, octenidine dihydrochloride, and of various agents in different concentrations and exposure times. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces were obtained from six patients with liver (n=3) and lung (n=3) hydatid cysts. Various concentrations of octenidine dihydrochloride (0.1%, 0.01% and 0.001% diluted form), povidone iodine (10%, 1% and 0.1% diluted) and 20% saline were used in this study. Viability of protoscoleces was determined with dye-uptake (0.1% eosin) and flame cell activity. RESULTS: Octenidine dihydrochloride 0.1% had strong scolicidal effect in 15 min and octenidine dihydrochloride 0.01% in 30 min. Sixty percent of protoscoleces lost viability at 5 min with octenidine dihydrochloride 0.1%. Viability ratio decreased to 20% at 10 min, and all of them died at 15 min. Povidone iodine 10% and 1% had strong scolicidal effects after 15- and 30 min of exposure, respectively. Saline 20% killed all the protoscoleces in 30-min exposure. CONCLUSION: Because of the rapid and strong scolocidal effectiveness of octenidine dihydrochloride on protoscoleces, it may be used as a scolocidal agent during both perioperative and in the PAIR method. (+info)
Efficacy of autovaccination therapy on post-coronary artery bypass grafting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus mediastinitis.
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We report a case of mediastinitis successfully treated with autovaccine therapy, once conventional surgical and medical therapies had failed. (+info)
Iodopovidone pleurodesis does not effect thyroid function in normal adults.
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Iodopovidone is an effective, safe, cheap, and easily available agent for pleurodesis. On the other hand, topical applications of iodopovidone may cause thyroid dysfunction. The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the effects of intrapleural administration of iodopovidone on thyroid function. Twelve patients have undergone iodopovidone pleurodesis so far. A mixture of 20 ml 10% iodopovidone and 80 ml 0.9% saline solution was administered into the pleural cavity through the chest tube. Thyroid hormone (TSH, TT4, TT3, FT4, FT3) levels were routinely measured just before pleurodesis, and at the 24th and 72nd h of pleurodesis. No statistically significant alteration in thyroid function was determined (P>0.05). We did not observe any signs or symptoms of hyper- or hypothyroidism in any patient. Nine patients had a complete response to pleurodesis (75%). One patient who had undergone iodopovidone pleurodesis suffered from a moderate degree of transient chest pain. In conclusion, iodopovidone pleurodesis is safe and does not cause any thyroid dysfunction in normal adults. (+info)
The effects of sericin cream on wound healing in rats.
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Sericin has good hydrophilic properties, compatibility, and biodegradation, it can be used as a wound-healing agent. We evaluated the effects of sericin on wound healing and wound size reduction using rats by generating two full-thickness skin wounds on the dorsum. Group 1 animals were treated with Betadine on left-side (control) wounds and, with 8% sericin cream on right-side (treated) wounds. Group 2, cream base (formula control) and 8% sericin cream (treated) were topically applied to left-, and right-side wounds respectively. Sericin-treated wounds had much smaller inflammatory reactions, and wound-size reduction was much greater than in the control throughout the inspection period. Mean time in days for 90% healing from sericin-treated wounds was also much less than for cream base-treated wounds. Histological examination after 15 d of treatment with 8% sericin cream revealed complete healing, no ulceration, and an increase in collagen as compared to cream base-treated wounds, which showed some ulceration and acute inflammatory exudative materials. (+info)
Randomised equivalency trial comparing 2.5% povidone-iodine eye drops and ophthalmic chloramphenicol for preventing neonatal conjunctivitis in a trachoma endemic area in southern Mexico.
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AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of 2.5% povidone-iodine eye drops (PIED) compared with ophthalmic chloramphenicol (OC) for preventing neonatal conjunctivitis. METHODS: 2004 neonates were enrolled from three rural hospitals in a trachoma endemic area. They were randomly assigned to receive either PIED (n = 1024) or OC (n = 974). Infectious conjunctivitis was confirmed by laboratory methods, including specific search for Chlamydia trachomatis by polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS: During the first 48 hours after birth, PIED and OC had similar efficacy against bacterial conjunctivitis (95% confidence interval (CI), -0.031 to -0.004; p = 0.01); from day 3 to day 15, PIED was 6% less effective than OC (95% CI, -0.058 to -0.006; p = 0.01); after day 16 there was no significant difference between the groups (95% CI, -0.022 to 0.041; p = 0.57). However, the risk of C trachomatis conjunctivitis was increased in neonates receiving PIED prophylaxis (relative risk = 1.99 (95% CI, 1.07 to 3.71), log-rank p = 0.029). Ocular side effects were rare and self limiting in both groups (p = 0.223). CONCLUSIONS: PIED seems to increase the risk of acquiring chlamydial conjunctivitis in neonates. Additional measures are required to prevent mother to fetus transmission of chlamydial infection during pregnancy, delivery, and after birth. (+info)
Instillation of povidone iodine to treat lymphocele and leak of lymph after renal transplantation.
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Lymphoceles are common surgical complications of renal transplantation. Recently minimal invasive therapy has been advised. We studied the safety and efficacy of instillation of povidone iodine via transcutaneous catheter for treatment of lymphoceles and leaks of lymph. We studied 10 (four males, six females) kidney transplant recipients who developed lymphoceles after transplantation and four (three males, one female) who developed leaks of lymph. We treated these cases by povidone iodine after placement of transcutaneous catheters with guidance of ultrasound and confirmed the presence of lymph by biochemical analysis. After dilution of povidone iodine to 5% with normal saline, 20cc were instilled and dwelled in the cavity for 30 minute three times daily. The lymph was then allowed to drain by gravity. For the leaks of lymph, which occurred immediately post operation, the catheters were placed during transplantation surgery. All patients were followed up for four months. After one week of instillation, all lymph leaks were completely blocked. Furthermore, nine (90%) cases of lymphocele resolved after 15 days of therapy. We conclude that instillation of diluted povidone iodine for treatment of lymphocele and leak of lymph is safe and effective and it may be considered as first choice for these conditions. (+info)
Traditional smallpox vaccination with reduced risk of inadvertent contact spread by administration of povidone iodine ointment.
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One concern with traditional smallpox vaccination is inadvertent spread of virus to atopic or immunocompromised contacts. To reduce this risk, we tested the ability of povidone iodine to inactivate infectious virus at the vaccination site beginning at 7 days after transcutaneous smallpox vaccination. This ointment rapidly inactivated virus on the skin without reducing neutralizing antibody titers or antiviral T cell responses. Moreover, there was no delay in healing/eschar separation following povidone iodine application. Together, this indicates that administration of an antiviral/antimicrobial cream can effectively block virus shedding after traditional smallpox vaccination and reduce the risks of autoinoculation or contact spread. (+info)
Evaluation of "instant" preparation of the colon with povidone-iodine.
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The antimicrobial effect of 20 minutes exposure to 10% povidone-iodine solution and to 5% neomycin-erythromycin solution was evaluated in vitro in 6 suspensions of dog feces. Povidone-iodine eliminated aerobic growth (P less than 0.001) and reduced anaerobes 4.01 +/- 1.06 (P less than 0.02); C. perfringens was the only anaerobic organism grown. Forty unprepared dogs underwent resection of the sigmoid colon and primary anastomosis. Twenty received normal saline and 20 povidone-iodine injected intraluminally immediately before resection. The colon contents of povidone-iodine treated dogs grew only 0.07 +/- 0.07 aerobes and 3.74 +/- 0.49 anaerobes (all Clostridia) (log10/ml colon contents) (P less than 0.001). All povidone-iodine dogs survived 3 weeks with no anastomotic leaks; three controls died from anastomotic leak within the first week (P = 0.12). Reexploration of survivors revealed less perianastomotic reaction in the povidone-iodine group. Twenty minutes exposure to povidone-iodine produced a significant decrease in bacterial counts in vitro and in unprepared sigmoid colon. No adverse effects were demonstrated. (+info)