Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus bind to the 56K to 58K glycoprotein.
(53/119)
A panel of murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the two major glycoproteins of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BDV) was produced and assayed by serum neutralization, radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) and immunoblotting. Based on their viral polypeptide specificity and on their ability to neutralize viral infectivity, the MAbs in the panel were divided into three classes: Class 1 MAbs reacted with the 56K to 58K glycoprotein and neutralized the virus, class 2 MAbs recognized the 56K to 58K glycoprotein but were not neutralizing, and class 3 MAbs reacted with the 48K glycoprotein and did not neutralize the virus. These results identify the 56K to 58K protein as one of the envelope glycoproteins of BDV. Evidence was obtained indicating that it is responsible for the induction of neutralizing antibodies. No large uncleaved precursors of the 56K to 58K protein could be identified unequivocally by RIP of infected cell extracts, suggesting that this polypeptide is proteolytically processed cotranslationally. A subset of MAbs that reacted with BDV isolates of the noncytopathic biotypes yielded similar results, indicating that these findings are applicable to both biotypes of BDV. (+info)
Typing of cytopathic and noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus reference and Canadian field strains using a neutralizing monoclonal antibody.
(54/119)
Cytopathic and noncytopathic reference strains as well as Canadian field isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus were analyzed by neutralization and immunofluorescence tests using a bovine viral diarrhea virus-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibody. Results on reference strains indicated three major antigenic groups: I) NADL-like, II) New York 1-like and III) Oregon C24V-like. Field isolates could be segregated into groups I and II and none could be typed into the group III. It appears that most bovine viral diarrhea virus strains share a common antigen which carries a major neutralization epitope. These characteristics would make this monoclonal antibody a useful reagent for taxonomic and epizootiological studies. (+info)
Monoclonal antibody analyses of cytopathic and noncytopathic viruses from fatal bovine viral diarrhea virus infections.
(55/119)
A panel of monoclonal antibodies that recognize the two major glycoproteins of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BDV) was used to evaluate the antigenic relationship between cytopathic (CP) and noncytopathic (NCP) viruses isolated from cattle dead or dying from fatal BDV infections. Various unrelated BDV isolates were initially screened by indirect immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies directed against the 56- to 58- and 48-kilodalton glycoproteins of the virus. A wide spectrum of reactivity that was independent of biotype was found. Biological clones of the same isolate showed only minor variations from the parental isolate, as did isolates taken from different animals located on the same farm. A similar analysis was repeated with pairs of CP and NCP viruses isolated from 16 unrelated clinical cases of BDV infection resulting in fatal disease. The reactivity patterns within individual pairs of isolates taken from the same animals were in most instances very similar and in some cases indistinguishable from one another. The results demonstrate that antigenic similarity between biotypes is a consistent finding in animals dying from fatal BDV infections. In view of the wide degree between biotypes is a consistent finding in animals dying from fatal BDV infections. In view of the wide degree of variation in reactivity patterns between unrelated BDV isolates, the close antigenic similarity of CP BDV to the homologous NCP BDV of a given pair strongly suggests that CP BDV arises by mutation from NCP BDV. (+info)
Viral antigen distribution in the central nervous system of cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus.
(56/119)
Distribution of viral antigens in the central nervous system of 25 cattle with a persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection was studied. Using a polyclonal antiserum produced in pigs and the direct immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase technique, BVDV antigen was located exclusively in neurons. Predilection sites for viral persistence were cerebral cortex and hippocampus; in other areas of brain and spinal cord, viral antigens were in single neurons or small groups of neurons. There was no morphological evidence of cellular alteration due to viral persistence. Perivascular lymphocytic infiltrations were in affected nervous tissue. It is concluded that the central nervous system is an important location for persistence of BVDV. (+info)