Comparative study of the composition of TCM Radix notoginseng extract samples before and after acetylation with UV and ELSD detection. (1/39)

OBJECTIVE: To study the derivation, acetylation specifically, as well as the application of evaporative light-scattering detector (ELSD) detection of Panax notoginseng extract for a better understanding of its components, as well as to study the authentication of this Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). METHODS: Acetonitrile-water gradient elution of the samples was used for the analysis and the ultraviolet (UV) detection used to observe the difference between the extract samples before and after acetylation. Mobile phases containing 30% and 85% acetonitrile, respectively, were used to observe the differences between chromatograms of the samples obtained using UV and ELSD detection. RESULTS: By acetylating the extract before analysis, differentiation of the early-eluting components was observed, some of the derivatives were retained extremely strongly. Different eluting profiles were obtained from the extract samples using UV and ELSD. Using the latter technique, different patterns of change in the retention of peaks could be observed, uncovering more information relating to the composition of the extract. CONCLUSION: The decrease of polarities of a part of the hydrophilic components as a result of acetylation of the extract and the differentiation of these early-eluting, difficult-to-separate compounds in the chromatograms should be helpful for the characterization and authentication of the TCM. ELSD can be used to detect the carbohydrates, which are known to have pharmacological effects, and sensitize the detection of glycosides. This is also helpful for the above-mentioned aspects.  (+info)

Notoginseng enhances anti-cancer effect of 5-fluorouracil on human colorectal cancer cells. (2/39)

PURPOSE: Panax notoginseng is a commonly used Chinese herb. Although a few studies have found that notoginseng shows anti-tumor effects, the effect of this herb on colorectal cancer cells has not been investigated. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of colorectal cancer that interferes with the growth of cancer cells. However, this compound has serious side effects at high doses. In this study, using HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cell line, we investigated the possible synergistic anti-cancer effects between notoginseng flower extract (NGF) and 5-FU on colon cancer cells. METHODS: The anti-proliferation activity of these modes of treatment was evaluated by MTS cell proliferation assay. Apoptotic effects were analyzed by using Hoechst 33258 staining and Annexin-V/PI staining assays. The anti-proliferation effects of four major single compounds from NGF, ginsenosides Rb1, Rb3, Rc and Rg3 were also analyzed. RESULTS: Both 5-FU and NGF inhibited proliferation of HCT-116 cells. With increasing doses of 5-FU, the anti-proliferation effect was slowly increased. The combined usage of 5-FU 5 microM and NGF 0.25 mg/ml, significantly increased the anti-proliferation effect (59.4 +/- 3.3%) compared with using the two medicines separately (5-FU 5 microM, 31.1 +/- 0.4%; NGF 0.25 mg/ml, 25.3 +/- 3.6%). Apoptotic analysis showed that at this concentration, 5-FU did not exert an apoptotic effect, while apoptotic cells induced by NGF were observed, suggesting that the anti-proliferation target(s) of NGF may be different from that of 5-FU, which is known to inhibit thymidilate synthase. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that NGF can enhance the anti-proliferation effect of 5-FU on HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cells and may decrease the dosage of 5-FU needed for colorectal cancer treatment.  (+info)

A uniform HPLC method developed for the analysis of Salvia miltiorrhiza, Panax notoginseng, and Fufang Danshen. (3/39)

Fufang Danshen (FFDS) is a famous typical Chinese complex prescription, which is mainly composed of Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SM) and Radix Panax notoginseng (PN). An HPLC method is developed to analyze SM, PN, and FFDS effectively; the effective analysis is achieved by using a gradient elution procedure with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.025% aqueous phosphoric acid (v/v). Through this method, 33 peaks in FFDS are clearly exhibited, and the components that make up the 33 peaks in FFDS are evaluated. Also, the chemical ingredients are compared between the single herbs (SM and PN) and the complex prescription (FFDS). The result indicate that the chemical ingredients in FFDS are not simply a combination of SM and PN. In addition, the HPLC method is suitable for the routine quality control of SM, PN, and FFDS, which could present a uniform quality control method for single medicines and one of the most commonly used Traditional Chinese Medicine-complex prescriptions.  (+info)

Effects of notoginosides on proliferation and upregulation of GR nuclear transcription factor in hematopoietic cells. (4/39)

AIM: To investigate the effects of panax notoginosides (PNS) on the proliferation of human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, and to explore the signaling pathway of the nuclear transcription factor of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR-NTF) initiated by PNS related with the proliferation. METHODS: The human CD34+ cells and bone marrow nuclear cells were exposed to PNS at a concentration of 0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L, respectively, in semi-solid culture system to observe colony forming unite of all lineages, granulocyte, erythrocyte, and megakaryocyte (CFUGEMM, CFU-GM, CFU-E, and CFU-MK). Three lineages of human hematopoietic cell lines, including granulocytic HL-60, erythrocytic K562, megakaryocytic CHRF- 288, and Meg-01 cells were incubated with PNS at 20 mg/L for 14 d. Meanwhile, dexamethasone (Dex) was used as a positive control. The nuclear protein of the cells was analyzed by Western blotting with monoclonal antibodies against the amino or carboxyl terminus of GR-NTF. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay performed by using the 32P-radiolabeled GR-NTF consensus oligonucleotide. RESULTS: PNS promoted the proliferation of CD34+ cells and significantly raised the colony numbers of CFU-GEMM by 34.7%+/-16.0% over the non-PNS control (P<0.01). PNS also enhanced the proliferation of CFU-GM, CFU-E, and CFU-MK by 39.3%+/- 5.7%, 33.3%+/-7.3%, and 26.2%+/-3.2%, respectively. GR-NTF protein levels of either the amino or carboxyl terminus in K562, CHRF-288, and Meg-01 treated by PNS increased by 2.4-2.8 fold and 1.3- 3.9 fold over the untreated cells. GR-NTF binding activity, initiated by either PNS or Dex, was apparently elevated to form the complex of GR-NTF with DNA as higher density bands in K562 and CHRF-288 cells, and some activity appeared as a band in HL-60 cells induced by PNS. CONCLUSION: PNS displayed the action of hematopoietic growth factor-like or synergistic efficacy to promote proliferation of human progenitor cells, may play a role in the upregulation of gene expression related to proliferation of hematopoietic cells through increasing the GR-NTF synthesis and its DNA binding activity.  (+info)

Pharmacokinetic and absolute bioavailability study of total panax notoginsenoside, a typical multiple constituent traditional chinese medicine (TCM) in rats. (5/39)

LC/ESI/MS method was employed for the pharmacokinetic evaluation of total panax notoginsenoside (TPNS) in rats. After oral or intravenous administration of TPNS at the dosage of 300.0 or 10.0 mg kg(-1) to rats respectively, panax notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, Rd, Re and Rb1 were simultaneous determined in rat plasma. Pharmacokinetic parameters and absolute bioavailability of panax notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, Rd, Re and Rb1 were obtained by the Drug And Statistics for windows (DAS) pharmacokinetic software. The pharmacokinetic parameters of all analytes were different form each other. T(1/2) were changed from 0.72 to 22.16 h and AUC were changed from 1.03 to 98.94 mg/l.h after oral or intravenous administration TPNS or Xuesaitong (TPNS) injection. The absolute bioavailability of R1, Rg1, Rd, Re and Rb1 were of 9.29%, 6.06%, 2.36%, 7.06% and 1.18%, respectively.  (+info)

Effects of aqueous extracts of Aconitum carmichaeli, Rhizoma bolbostemmatis, Phytolacca acinosa, Panax notoginseng and Gekko swinhonis Guenther on Bel-7402 cells. (6/39)

AIM: To investigate the anticancer activity of a chinese medical mixture, WRCP (warming and relieving Cold Phlegm), on hepatocarcinoma Bel-7402 cells. METHODS: Fingerprints of WRCP, which were composed of aqueous extracts of Aconitum carmichaeli, Rhizoma bolbostemmatis, Phytolacca acinosa, Panax notoginseng and Gekko swinhonis Guenther, and aconitine, which could be isolated from Aconitum carmichaeli and have the potential toxicity, were identified by high pressure liquid chromatography. Bel-7402 cells were grown in the presence of WRCP, As(2)O(3) or all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Cell proliferation and viability were determined by trypan blue stain. Apoptosis and cell cycle of Bel-7402 cells were detected by flow cytometry. Morphologic and ultrastructural variations were determined under optic and electronic microscopy. The secretion of alpha-fetoprotein and albumin was detected by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The average quality of aconitine is 1.15 +/- 0.10 microg per 7.5 g extracts. WRCP could suppress the proliferation and viability of Bel-7402 cells. The percentage of apoptosis cells and S phase cells increased on WRCP-treated cells. Treated with WRCP, Bel-7402 cells showed ultrastructural features of differentiation. The alpha-fetoprotein secretion decreased while the albumin secretion increased (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively) markedly in WRCP-treated cells. CONCLUSION: WRCP can affect the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of Bel-7402 cells. It can arrest cells in S phase and has strong cytotoxicity to Bel-7402 cells.  (+info)

Toll-like receptor ligand-induced activation of murine DC2.4 cells is attenuated by Panax notoginseng. (7/39)

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Role of jasmonic acid in alteration of ginsenoside heterogeneity in elicited cell cultures of Panax notoginseng. (8/39)

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