Midfacial degloving--access to nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses lesions.
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Common surgical approaches for medial maxillectomy include lateral rhinotomy and midfacial degloving. Lateral rhinotomy provides excellent surgical exposure but leaves a bulging scar on the face. Despite its own limitations, midfacial degloving has been preferred to lateral rhinotomy because it does not leave any external scar on the face(1). The aim of this study is to evaluate the cosmetic results and surgical exposure access of midfacial degloving. Treatment morbidity was evaluated through: post operative hospital stay length, blood transfusion needs, complications, pre and post operative hemoglobin levels, disease recurrence, nasal packing, type of suture and antibiotics. Retrospective study was carried out with sixteen patients treated at the Hospital Geral de Fortaleza SESA/SUS from December 1999 through November 2003. Based on the results, we may conclude that midfacial degloving is effective to treat extensive nasal cavity lesions and paranasal sinuses with reduced post operative morbidity. (+info)
Endoscopic sinus surgery for maxillary sinus mucoceles.
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BACKGROUND: Maxillary sinus mucoceles are relatively rare among all paranasal sinus mucoceles. With the introduction of endoscopic sinus surgical techniques, rhinologic surgeons prefer transnasal endoscopic management of sinus mucoceles. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical presentation of maxillary sinus mucoceles and to establish the efficacy of endoscopic management of sinus mucoceles. METHODS: Between 2003 and 2005, 14 patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for maxillary sinus mucocele. The presenting sign and symptoms, radiological findings, surgical management and need for revision surgery were reviewed. RESULTS: There were eight males and six females with an age range of 14 to 65. Ten patients complained of nasal obstruction, five of nasal drainage, five of cheek pressure or pain and one of proptosis of the eye and cheek swelling. The maxillary sinus and ipsilateral ethmoid sinus involvement on computed tomographic studies was seen in 4 patients. Four patients had history of endoscopic ethmoidectomy surgery for ethmoid sinusitis and one had Caldwell-Luc operation in the past. Ethmoidectomy with middle meatal antrostomy and marsupialization of the mucocele was performed in all patients. Postoperative follow-up ranged between 8 to 48 months. All patients had a patent middle meatal antrostomy and healthy maxillary sinus mucosa. No patients need revision surgery. CONCLUSION: The most common causes of mucoceles are chronic infection, allergic sinonasal disease, trauma and previous surgery. In 64% of the patients of our study cause remains uncertain. Endoscopic sinus surgery is an effective treatment for maxillary sinus mucoceles with a favorable long-term outcome. (+info)
Vestibular schwannoma management: current practice amongst UK otolaryngologists--time for a national prospective audit.
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INTRODUCTION: It is generally agreed that the successful management of a vestibular schwannoma (VS) usually involves close collaboration between a neuro-otologist and neurosurgeon. In addition, it is accepted that the experience of the team managing such tumours is one of the key determinants of outcome after surgical intervention. The aim of this study was to identify current practice in the management of such tumours amongst otolaryngologists in the UK and to observe whether such collaborative working practices exist. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional postal questionnaire survey of consultant members of the British Association of Otorhinolaryngologists-Head and Neck Surgeons (n = 542). RESULTS: A total of 336 replies were received (62%). Of respondents, 299 consultants referred their patients to another surgeon for further management; 242 referred to another ENT surgeon (80.9%), 29 to a neurosurgeon (9.7%) and 28 to a combined team (9.4%). Twenty-eight of the responding otolaryngologists (8.6%) managed the tumours themselves, of whom 22 worked with a neurosurgeon. Of these 28 neuro-otologists, nearly two-thirds (64%) had been undertaking VS surgery for more than 10 years. The total number of patients with a VS referred to these 28 consultants during 2001 was 775, with a mean caseload of 29.8, median 23 and a range of 4 to 102 per surgeon. Seven of the 28 otolaryngologists chose their surgical approach entirely based on the size of the tumour. Eight consultants preferred the sub-occipital (SO) approach, 10 the translabyrinthine (TL) approach, three chose between SO and TL approaches. The majority of surgeons had a prospective, computer-based data collection and were willing to give further information about their outcomes and complications. CONCLUSIONS: Amongst the otolaryngologists surveyed in the UK, we have identified 28 neuro-otologists who undertake VS surgery. The majority work with neurosurgical colleagues, confirming collaborative practice. The wide range in caseload raises the issue of training and maintaining standards and in the first instance we recommend a prospective national audit of VS management and outcomes with our neurosurgical colleagues. This would also be of value in manpower planning particularly if a minimum caseload could be identified below which results were seen to be less good. (+info)
Drooling: analysis and evaluation of 31 children who underwent bilateral submandibular gland excision and parotid duct ligation.
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AIM: To evaluate the safety of bilateral submandibular gland excision and parotid duct ligation in order to control drooling in children; to assess its long-term efficacy and complications. STUDY DESIGN: longitudinal cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-one children aged 6 to 13 years (7.6 years old in average), with multiple neurological disabilities were submitted to a bilateral submandibular gland excision with parotid duct ligation in order to control ptyalism between December 1999 and December 2005, mean follow up of 36 months. RESULTS: According to Wilkies success criteria, 87% of children had excellent or good results and insignificant morbidity was insignificant; with temporary parotid edema as the major complication. CONCLUSION: Bilateral submandibular gland excision with parotid duct ligation were safe to be performed in children, with 87% of success in drooling control. (+info)
Evaluation of the management of postoperative aseptic meningitis.
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BACKGROUND: A consensus conference recommended empirical antibiotic therapy for all patients with postoperative meningitis and treatment withdrawal after 48 or 72 h if cerebrospinal fluid culture results are negative. However, this approach is not universally accepted and has not been assessed in clinical trials. METHODS: We performed a cohort study of all patients who received a diagnosis of postoperative meningitis from January 1998 through May 2005 in a teaching hospital. From January 1998 through September 2003 (control period), guidelines were lacking or were not implemented. From October 2003 through May 2005 (interventional period), all patients received a predefined intravenous antibiotic therapy that was discontinued on the third day if the meningitis was considered aseptic. Clinical outcome and duration of antibiotic therapy were analyzed for each patient. RESULTS: Seventy-five episodes of postoperative meningitis (21 cases of bacterial meningitis and 54 cases of aseptic meningitis) were investigated. Patients with aseptic meningitis received antibiotic treatment for a mean +/- standard deviation duration of 11+/-5 days during the control period and 3.5+/-2 days during the intervention period (P=.001). The duration of antibiotic treatment for bacterial meningitis was not significantly different between the 2 periods. All episodes of bacterial and aseptic meningitis were cured, and complications were rare during both periods. CONCLUSIONS: Stopping antibiotic treatment after 3 days is effective and safe for patients with postoperative meningitis whose cerebrospinal fluid culture results are negative. (+info)
The evolution of surgery in the management of neck metastases.
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In spite of advancement in science, molecular medicine and target therapies, surgical treatment of metastases using different techniques, from selective neck dissection to extended radical neck dissections, form a major part in the management of neck metastases. This is due to the fact that, so far, there is no treatment more effective for resectable neck metastases, than surgery. Since most head and neck cancer patients die due to loco-regional progression of disease, and a very large majority of them do not live long enough to develop distant metastases, the status of neck lymph nodes remains the single most important prognostic factor, in these cases. In the 100 years since George Washington Crile described Radical Neck Dissection, we now have a much better understanding of the biological and clinical behaviour of neck metastases. This has ultimately led to the conservative approaches of selective neck dissections depending on the primary site of the tumour, type of tumour and the characteristic features of the metastases themselves. A search of the literature on neck lymph nodes and neck dissections, on the internet and in old publications, not available in the electronic media, has been carried out. Using this as the basis, we arranged, in sequence, the dates of various landmarks in the treatment of head and neck cancer related to neck dissections to emphasize the overall process of evolution of neck dissection thereby showing how the field of head and neck surgery has travelled a long way from radical neck dissection to its modifications and further to selective neck dissections and sentinel node biopsies. The present understanding of the patterns of neck metastases enables us not only to adequately treat the neck metastases, but also to diagnose metastases from unknown primaries. Therefore, depending on the site of the primary tumour, it is now easy to predict the most probable route of metastatic spread and vice versa. This has enabled us to adopt modified and selective neck dissections which have ultimately led to a dramatic reduction in morbidity and almost eliminated mortality due to neck dissection. In the near future, molecular diagnostics and targeted therapies for treating metastases should be able to further reduce the burden of head and neck cancer. (+info)
Open septorhinoplasty: operative technique and grafts.
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In this case series, the senior author details his series of patients who had undergone open septorhinoplasty for functional and/or aesthetic purposes in the Otorhinolaryngology Department at the Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM), Kuala Lumpur between January 2003 and September 2005. There were 23 patients, consisting of 15 men and 8 women from different Malaysian ethnic groups. Discussion on open septorhinoplasty with regards to operative technique, grafts and implants is presented from an otorhinolaryngologist's point of view. (+info)
Endoscopic transnasal approach to sellar tumors.
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Transsphenoidal surgery for sellar region tumors is traditionally done only by neurosurgeons. The use of endoscopes has permitted a direct transnasal approach to the sphenoidal sinus, without dissection of the septal mucosa, reducing postoperative morbidity. AIM: The purpose of this study was to assess the technical difficulties, and per and postoperative complications of the otolaryngological management of the endoscopic transnasal approach to the sellar region. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 159 patients undergoing sellar region surgery between March 2001 and December 2006 were assessed retrospectively. 91 patients who underwent 95 endoscopic transnasal procedures were included in this study. STUDY DESIGN: a clinical retrospective study. RESULTS: The endoscopic transnasal technique was feasible for every patient, independent of age, anatomical variations, tumor characteristics, tumor etiology, and previous surgical history. There was no need to remove the middle turbinate or septal deviations in any of the cases. The most significant peroperative complication was CSF leak during tumor removal (13.68%). Postoperative complications were: nasal bleeding (8.42%), CSF leak (8.42%), and meningitis (2.19). CONCLUSION: The transnasal endoscopic approach was accomplished with minimal invasion, preserving nasal structures in all 95 procedures, independent of age, anatomical variations, tumor characteristics,tumor etiology, and previous surgical history. (+info)