Influence of long time storage in mineral water on RNA stability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli after heat inactivation. (33/68)

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Preventive effect of co-administration of water containing magnesium ion on indomethacin induced lesions of gastric mucosa in adjuvant-induced arthritis rat. (34/68)

It is well known that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have significant side effects, such as gastroenteropathy, and that rheumatoid arthritis patients taking NSAIDs are more susceptible to NSAIDs-induced gastric lesions as compared with patients with other diseases. We demonstrate the preventive effect of the co-administration of bittern water (BW, nigari-sui in Japanese), which enables the effective intake of Mg(2+), on the ulcerogenic response to indomethacin in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rats. Four kinds of BW with different Mg(2+) contents; ranging from 10-200 mg/l Mg(2+) (BW-10, 25, 50, 200) were used in this study. Arthritis was induced by the injection of 50 microl of a suspension of 10 mg/ml heat-killed butyricum (Mycobacterium butyricum) in Bayol F oil into the plantar region of the right hind foot and tail of rats. Oral administration of indomethacin (40 mg/kg) caused hemorrhagic lesions in the gastric mucosa of AA rats at 14 d after adjuvant injection, and the lesion score of AA rats administered indomethacin was significantly higher than that of normal rats administered indomethacin. The expression of the mRNA for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression and the production of nitric oxide (NO) in the gastric mucosa of AA rats were also increased by the administration of indomethacin. The co-administration of BWs decreased the ulcerogenic response to indomethacin in AA rats. In addition, the administration of BW attenuated the increase in iNOS mRNA expression and NO production in AA rats receiving indomethacin. The oral administration of Mg(2+) to AA rats had a potent preventive effect on the ulcerogenic response to indomethacin in AA rats, probably due to an inhibition in the rise in iNOS and NO levels in the gastric mucosa.  (+info)

Effect of thermal water and adjunctive electrotherapy on chronic low back pain: a double-blind, randomized, follow-up study. (35/68)

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Health beliefs about bottled water: a qualitative study. (36/68)

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The different effects of fluid with and without carbohydrate ingestion on subjective responses of untrained men during prolonged exercise in a hot environment. (37/68)

This study examined the effects of maintaining euhydration by ingesting fluids with or without carbohydrate on subjective responses of untrained men during prolonged exercise in a hot environment. Six healthy untrained subjects completed 90 min of cycling exercises at 55% maximal oxygen consumption (V(O2max)) in a hot environment (temperature: 28(o)C, humidity: 50%) under three different experimental conditions. During the first trial, subjects did not ingest fluids during exercise (dehydration (DH) trial). In the second and third trials, subjects received mineral water (MW) and hypotonic fluid containing carbohydrate (HF), respectively, in amounts equaling their weight loss in the DH trial. At the end of exercise, the overall rating of perceived exertion (RPE-O) was lower in the MW and HF trials than in the DH trial (14.3+/-1.0 and 13.7+/-0.6 vs 17.7+/-1.0, p<0.05, respectively). RPE-cardiovascular and RPE-legs were lower at the end of exercise in the HF trial compared with the DH trial. V(O2), heart rate (HR), and rectal temperature increased during exercise in the three trials. At the end of exercise, the drift in V(O2) was lower in the MW and HF trials than in the DH trial (304+/-41 and 339+/-40 vs 458+/-33 mL, p<0.05, respectively). HR at the end of exercise in the HF trial was lower than in the DH trial (158+/-5 vs 173+/-7 bpm, p<0.05). These results suggest that maintaining euhydration during prolonged exercise in untrained men could attenuate RPE-O and that hypotonic electrolyte-carbohydrate solution could attenuate RPE-legs during exercise.  (+info)

Microbiological quality of drinking water from dispensers in Italy. (38/68)

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Sodium-rich carbonated natural mineral water ingestion and blood pressure. (39/68)

INTRODUCTION: There is a strong positive correlation between sodium chloride intake and hypertension. In industrialized countries the ingestion of carbonated and non-carbonated mineral water is an important source of calorie-free fluids. The mineral content of these waters varies greatly, with many brands containing high levels of sodium. However, some mineral waters contain greater amounts of bicarbonate instead of chloride as the anion associated with the sodium cation. This is relevant because it is well established that the effect of sodium on blood pressure depends on the corresponding anion. Additionally the pressor effect of sodium bicarbonate is much lower than that of equivalent amounts of sodium chloride. The aim of our work was to evaluate the effect of ingesting a sodium-rich carbonated mineral water (Agua das Pedras) on blood pressure values in normotensive individuals. METHODS: This crossover, non-blinded study evaluated 17 individuals (9 female and 8 male), aged 24-53 years, median body mass index (BMI) < 23, randomly allocated in two groups, ingesting 500 ml/day of Agua das Pedras or Agua Vitalis. Each arm of the study lasted 7 weeks, with 6 weeks of washout between them. Twenty-four hour urinary samples were collected at the beginning and end of each arm to determine pH and sodium and potassium excretion. Blood pressure and body weight were measured weekly throughout the study. A mixed-effects model was used to compare groups (p < 0.05). The Wilcoxon test was used to analyze electrolyte excretion. RESULTS: No differences were observed in blood pressure values between treatments or from baseline values. We found a positive correlation between BMI and blood pressure. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The daily ingestion of 500 ml of Agua das Pedras had no effect on blood pressure. A study by Schorr and co-workers found that the ingestion of bicarbonate-rich water (1.5 l/day) had hypotensive effects in an elderly population. However, these results should be verified in hypertensive subjects, who are more likely to be salt sensitive, since in some of these individuals blood pressure rises even when sodium is ingested as sodium bicarbonate.  (+info)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreak linked to mineral water bottles in a neonatal intensive care unit: fast typing by use of high-resolution melting analysis of a variable-number tandem-repeat locus. (40/68)

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