TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS IN THE USSR. (9/38)

The author gives the history of the study of tick-borne encephalitis in the USSR, following it up with a description of the etiological and epidemiological aspects and of the pathology, symptomology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the disease. He stresses that other ticks as well as the main vectors of the virus, Ixodes, transmit the disease, in particular Dermacentor and Haemaphysalis. A detailed account of tick-borne encephalitis in the USSR may be of value in the study of the rather similar forms of the disease now being encountered more and more frequently in countries of South-East Asia as well as of northern and eastern Europe.  (+info)

RADIATION PROTECTION IN CANADA. I. (10/38)

The current status of radiation protection in Canada has been summarized in the present paper, the first of a three-part series. Particular emphasis has been placed on the role of the Radiation Protection Division of the Department of National Health and Welfare. Somatic and hereditary effects of radiation exposure are briefly discussed as a basis for an understanding of the radiation protection standards which have been developed at national and international levels. The rapid increase in use of radioactive materials and x-ray apparatus in medicine, industry and research, and the extensive atmosphere testing of nuclear weapons have led to the development of comprehensive radiation protection activities in Canada, especially in the Department of National Health and Welfare. Well-established lines of communication and liaison exist among the various agencies responsible for these activities.  (+info)

PERIPHERAL VASODILATORS IN THE TREATMENT OF MACULAR DEGENERATIVE CHANGES IN THE EYE. (11/38)

Four peripheral vasodilators - tolazoline HCl (Priscoline), nicotinic acid, nicotinyl alcohol (Roniacol), and nylidrin HCl (Arlidin)-were studied in 203 patients over a 13-year period as treatment for macular degenerative changes in the eye.Visual acuity was improved or maintained in 87%. Excellent results were obtained in the treatment of macular edema following cataract surgery and in older patients with diabetic retinopathy. In 126 out of 145 patients with senile macular degeneration, improvement or stabilization was obtained.For all the types of macular degeneration, nylidrin HCl was the most effective of the drugs studied and had the fewest side effects.A recent report based upon animal experiments advises against the use of peripheral vasodilators in degenerative arterial diseases of the eye; however, the assumption made therein that blood volume is a measure of blood flow cannot be accepted. Peripheral vasodilator therapy, which long-term clinical study has shown to be valuable in the treatment of macular degeneration, should not therefore be denied to these patients.  (+info)

THE LISTER LECTURE, 1964: WOUND SEPSIS-FROM CARBOLIC ACID TO HYPERBARIC OXYGEN. (12/38)

The history of Lister's introduction of the antiseptic system is recalled and the circumstances surrounding the original use of carbolic acid for wound treatment, which took place in the Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, on August 12, 1865, are reviewed. The fact that wound sepsis is still prevalent is emphasized, and recent researches on bacterial inhibition under hyperbaric oxygen are described.  (+info)

THE TUBERCULIN TEST. (13/38)

A brief historical review of the tuberculin test is followed by consideration of the immunological factors concerned in the tuberculin reaction. The problems in the interpretation of the test, the dosage and types of material used, and methods of administration are discussed. The current problem of tuberculin reversion with and without treatment, as exemplified by the current study of Halifax school children, is considered in some detail. The role of the tuberculin test in the present-day program of tuberculosis control is indicated.  (+info)

MEDICAL ASPECTS OF THE WESTWARD MIGRATIONS, 1830-60. (14/38)

The exodus to the West which occurred in 1830-60, partly due to the discovery of gold in California in 1849, is examined from a medicohistorical viewpoint. The motivations of the emigrants, their medical emergencies, problems, and practices, and the state of the medical arts in the Western settlements are discussed in terms of the prevailing systems of therapeutics, the availability of supplies and equipment, and the presence or absence of professional doctors.  (+info)

MEDICAL LIBRARIES IN BRITAIN; A BRIEF SURVEY. (15/38)

Monastic institutions, medical corporations and societies, teaching institutions, and research organizations have all played a part in the development of library facilities in Britain. Brief histories of the principal contributors to this development are given. Until recent times private institutions took a greater share than the State in providing and conserving medical literature, and, although the country is now in a very fortunate position, being well stocked with a wide variety of such material, a significant proportion of it is the property of these private institutions and not all of it is freely available. There is still the need for a national library of medicine and for better coordination of existing material. Libraries in hospitals and nurse-training schools are not always adequate. Medical librarians are well organized and in good standing.  (+info)

INTRODUCTION TO CHINESE MEDICAL LITERATURE. (16/38)

The history of medicine in China is divided into four periods, from about 2700 B.C. to the present. Brief descriptions of standard works of these periods (e.g. Pen-Ts'ao, Nei Ching, Nan Ching, Shang Han Lun, Ch'in K'ue Yao Lueh, Chai I Ching, Chou Hou Pei Chi Fang, Mo Ching, Ming I Pieh Lu, Ch'ao Shih Pin Yuan, Chien Chin Yao Fang, Wai T'ai Pi Yao, Hsi Yuan Lu, Pen-Ts'ao Kang-Mu, etc.) are given. The latter part of the paper deals with the state of modern medical research and literature in Mainland China, where equal emphasis is placed on the practice of both traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of diseases, thus resulting in a new era in Chinese medical history. This is based on the information obtainable in Hong Kong. Information about medical developments in Taiwan is readily available elsewhere and so has been omitted.  (+info)