Ultrasonographic diagnosis of fetal structural abnormalities in prenatal screening at 11-14 weeks.
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PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to determine the detection rate of structural abnormalities at the 11-14 week ultrasound examination as a part of two-stage screening process in low-risk pregnancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1085 consecutive low-risk pregnant women participated in screening by two-stage ultrasonography for the estimation of the sensitivity of the first and second trimester ultrasound scans in the detection of major anomalies as a part of routine screening. RESULTS: Of 1085 pregnancies, 21 (1.93%) fetuses had at least one major structural defect considered detectable by routine ultrasound screening; 14 (1.29%) were identified at early screening and an additional 5 (0.47%) at late screening. Two abnormalities were not detected prenatally, and data were obtained from the patients after delivery. CONCLUSION: The majority of fetal structural abnormalities can be detected by sonographic screening at 11-14 weeks, but detailed fetal anatomic survey performed at 18-22 weeks should not be abandoned. (+info)
Has the liver and other visceral organs migrated to its normal position in children with giant omphalocele? A follow-up study with ultrasonography.
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Comparison between open and closed methods of herniorrhaphy in calves affected with umbilical hernia.
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Umbilical hernias in calves commonly present to veterinary clinics, which are normally secondary to failure of the normal closure of the umbilical ring, and which result in the protrusion of abdominal contents into the overlying subcutis. The aim of this study was to compare the suitability of commonly-used herniorrhaphies for the treatment of reducible umbilical hernia in calves. Thirty-four clinical cases presenting to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh from July 2004 to July 2007 were subjected to comprehensive study including history, classification of hernias, size of the hernial rings, presence of adhesion with the hernial sacs, postoperative care and follow-up. They were reducible, non-painful and had no evidence of infection present on palpation. The results revealed a gender influence, with the incidence of umbilical hernia being higher in female calves than in males. Out of the 34 clinical cases, 14 were treated by open method of herniorrhaphy and 20 were treated by closed method. Complications of hernia were higher (21%) in open method-treated cases than in closed method-treated cases (5%). Hernia recurred in three calves treated with open herniorrhaphy within 2 weeks of the procedure, with swelling in situ and muscular weakness at the site of operation. Shorter operation time and excellent healing rate (80%) were found in calves treated with closed herniorrhaphy. These findings suggest that the closed herniorrhaphy is better than the commonly-used open method for the correction of reducible umbilical hernia in calves. (+info)
Risk factors related to omphalocele and gastroschisis.
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Omphalocele and gastroschisis are recognized as congenital malformations with a high mortality. Only 60% of children with such malformations survive until the end of the first year of age. It has been suggested that omphalocele and gastroschisis are associated with other congenital malformations, concerning the bones, the heart and the kidney. The aim of the present study is to determine the risk factors in 12 omphalocele and four gastroschisis cases diagnosed and surveyed in the last four years (November 2003-November 2007) at the Emergency County Hospital of Constanta. In 10 of the 16 cases of the studied group, the subjects resulted from spontaneous premature births. None of the cases in the studied group received the maximum APGAR score, values varying between 6 and 9. The average birth weight in the studied group is 2100 g, with values between 950 g and 2900 g. Maternal age is between 15-21-year-old. Average maternal age in cases of second-degree gastroschisis is 6.5 years younger than the witness population and in case of first degree is 5.8 years younger. 87.5% of children's mothers in studied group are first time pregnant, first time gestant. The mother's socio-economic status may be a risk factor on the occurrence of omphalocele and gastroschisis. 81.25% of children's mother in the studied group have no own income and half are single (mono-parental families). None of the studied cases had a history of congenitally malformed siblings, but half of the cases in the studied group associate congenital malformations of gastro-intestinal tract, locomotor system, kidneys and/or heart. The abdominal wall defect existing in gastroschisis is accompanied by the delay of the intestinal loops differentiation. In all cases of gastroschisis in the studied group, the thin intestine caliber is higher or equal to the one of the thick intestine, the intestinal loops remained outside the abdominal cavity have an aspect characteristic to the fifth month of fetal life. (+info)
Ileal perforation in segmental intestinal dilatation associated with omphalocoele.
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Localised dilatation of a segment of the intestine without any macroscopically-identifiable cause is rare, and has been reported in association with omphalocoele in only 14 children up to 2006. In most of these cases, the segmental intestinal dilatation (SID) was either diagnosed incidentally, or due to presentation with partial or complete intestinal obstruction. We report, for the first time, a 37-week-old neonate with bowel perforation in SID associated with omphalocoele. In our case, a long thin vessel that resembled the mesodiverticular vessel of a Meckel's diverticulum was present in the dilated segment, supporting the view that SID and Meckel's diverticulum may be embryologically related. (+info)