OrganismsChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, Agriculture
Herbicide ResistanceHerbicidesPlant WeedsLoliumAcetolactate SynthaseEchinochloaAminobutyratesDrug ResistancePlants, Genetically ModifiedAcetyl-CoA CarboxylasePoaceaeGlycineTobaccoAtrazineGenes, Dominant2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic AcidMutationDrug Resistance, MicrobialDrug Resistance, Bacterial2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic AcidDrug Resistance, Neoplasm

Isolation of herbicide-resistant 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase from cultured Coptis japonica cells. (17/64)

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) catalyzes the formation of homogentisate from 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate and O(2). In plants, HPPD has been identified as a molecular target for herbicides. We report the isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding a HPPD from cultured Coptis japonica cells. Recombinant CjHPPD showed significantly higher half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) values for the HPPD-inhibiting herbicide destosyl pyrazolate than other plant HPPDs.  (+info)

Pathway engineering of Brassica napus seeds using multiple key enzyme genes involved in ketocarotenoid formation. (18/64)

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Real-time quantification of wild-type contaminants in glyphosate tolerant soybean. (19/64)

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High-frequency modification of plant genes using engineered zinc-finger nucleases. (20/64)

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Monitoring the occurrence of genetically modified oilseed rape growing along a Japanese roadside: 3-year observations. (21/64)

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Novel bacterial N-acetyltransferase gene for herbicide detoxification in land plants and selection maker in plant transformation. (22/64)

Phosphinothricin (PPT) is the active ingredient in bialaphos, which specifically inhibits glutamine synthetase in land plants. We isolated a novel PPT-resistant gene from a soil bacterium, Nocardia sp., and characterized it. The encoded protein, consisting of 177 amino acids, showed significant similarity to bacterial N-acetyltransferases, and we originally designated the gene MAT (methionine sulfone N-acetyltransferase). The recombinant MAT protein exhibited functions as a methionine sulfone and PPT N-acetyltransferase in vitro. The PPT N-acetyltransferase activity reached the maximum at pH 8-8.5, indicating that the protein might optimally function in chloroplasts. We therefore constructed a MAT gene, encoding the enzyme with a chloroplast-localizing signal in its amino-terminus. Plant transformation with the construct resulted in the generation of PPT-resistant rice and Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the transformed Arabidopsis was selectable in a synthetic medium containing PPT. The MAT gene thus facilitated establishment of herbicide-resistant plants, and as a new selectable gene marker.  (+info)

Evolution of glyphosate resistance in a Lolium rigidum population by glyphosate selection at sublethal doses. (23/64)

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Simulating the evolution of glyphosate resistance in grains farming in northern Australia. (24/64)

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