Surgical resolution of chronic tissue irritation caused by extruded endodontic filling material.
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Controversy remains regarding the relative toxicity versus inertness of endodontic filling materials, including gutta-percha, in vital tissues.We discuss reaction to and possible toxicity of gutta-percha and sealers and present 2 cases of symptomatic chronic inflammatory reaction where gutta-percha and associated filling materials were found to have extruded past the confinement of the root structure and were embedded in soft tissue and bone. Successful surgical removal of the extruded gutta-percha with surrounding granulation tissue prompted proper healing and resolution of the long-term symptoms. (+info)
Brazilian gutta-percha points. Part I: chemical composition and X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Eight nonstandardized gutta-percha points commercially available in Brazil (Konne, Tanari, Endopoint, Odous, Dentsply 0.04, Dentsply 0.06, Dentsply TP and Dentsply FM) were analysed chemically and by X-ray diffraction, and their chemical compositions were compared. The organic fraction (gutta-percha polymer and wax/resin) of the gutta-percha points was separated from the inorganic fraction (ZnO and BaSO4) by dissolving them in chloroform. The gutta-percha polymer was precipitated with acetone. The inorganic fraction was analysed by elemental microanalysis. Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) and X-ray diffraction were employed to identify the chemical elements and compounds (barium sulfate and zinc oxide). The barium sulfate content was calculated based on the percentage of sulfur found in the elemental microanalysis. All analyses were repeated three times. The means and standard deviations of the percentage by weight of gutta-percha in the points were: Konne (17.6 +/- 0.30), Tanari (15.2 +/- 0.30), Endopoint (16.7 +/- 0.23), Odous (18.8 +/- 0.20), Dentsply 0.04 (15.7 +/- 0.17), Dentsply 0.06 (16.6 +/- 0.17), Dentsply TP (21.6 +/- 0.15) and Dentsply FM (16.3 +/- 0.23). The means and standard deviations of the zinc oxide content were: Konne (79.9 +/- 0.10), Tanari (81.9 +/- 0.07), Endopoint (81.3 +/- 0.40), Odous (79.7 +/- 0.26), Dentsply 0.04 (77.9 +/- 0.03), Dentsply 0.06 (78.2 +/- 0.07), Dentsply TP (69.8 +/- 0.19) and Dentsply FM (72.6 +/- 0.70). The method utilized was appropriate to quantify gutta-percha, wax/resin, zinc oxide and barium sulfate. Cone brands without barium sulfate were found. An unusual high wax/resin percentage was detected in Dentsply FM (p = 0.0003). Dentsply TP showed the highest gutta-percha percentage. (+info)
A radiographic study of the relationship between technical quality of coronoradicular posts and periapical status in a Jordanian population.
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A radiographic study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the technical quality of coronoradicular posts and periapical status. A total of 400 periapical radiographs, including 560 posts, of patients attending the Dental Department at Jordan University Hospital were scanned and studied. It was found that maxillary teeth were more frequently restored with posts (65.36%) than mandibular teeth (34.64%). Tapered posts accounted for 73.93% of the posts used. The ratio of the mean post length to crown length was 0.8, and that to root length was 0.45. The mean length of the remaining gutta percha apical to the end of the post was 6.22 mm. In addition, 25% of the posts deviated from the line of the root canal. Periapical radiolucency was evident in 53.93% of the assessed teeth. It is concluded that inadequate root canal treatment and coronoradicular posts are associated with increased prevalence of periapical radiolucency, and that general dental practitioners should be better trained in performing endodontic treatment and restoring endodontically treated teeth. (+info)
Influence of the remaining coronal structure on the resistance of teeth with intraradicular retainer.
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The aim of this study was to compare the resistance of endodontically treated teeth with intraradicular retainer different amounts of remaining coronal structure. Fifty freshly extracted maxillary canines were endodontically treated and randomly assigned to five groups (n=10), as follows: group 1 (control) = teeth with custom cast post and core; group 2 = teeth without remaining coronal structure; group 3, 4 and 5 = teeth with 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm of remaining coronal structure, respectively. All specimens in groups 2 to 5 were restored with prefabricated post and resin core. The teeth were embedded in acrylic resin and the fracture strength was measured on a universal testing machine at 45 degrees to the long axis of the tooth until failure. Data were analyzed statistically by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test. There was no significant differences (p>0.05) between the control group and group 2, and between groups 3, 4 and 5 (p>0.05). Control group and group 2 had significantly higher resistance strength than groups 3, 4 and 5 (p<0.00001). The findings of this study showed that teeth without remaining coronal structure had significantly higher fracture strength than those with remaining coronal structure (1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm). When the dental crown was not completely removed, the amount of remaining coronal dentin did not significantly affect the fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth with intraradicular retainer. (+info)
Comparative analysis of microleakage and seal for 2 obturation materials: Resilon/Epiphany and gutta-percha.
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OBJECTIVE: Microleakage continues to be a main reason for failure of root canal therapy, where the challenge has been to achieve an adequate seal between the internal tooth structure and the main obturation material, gutta-percha. The Resilon/Epiphany (R/E) system uses a new obturation material that bonds chemically with the internal tooth structure, thereby decreasing the possibility of microleakage. The purpose of this study was to compare dye leakage in root canals filled with R/E and those in which gutta percha was used. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Pulpectomies were performed on 105 extracted human singlecanal mandibular incisors. The teeth were then randomly divided into 2 groups: 1 was obturated with gutta-percha and the other with R/E. Obturation was performed using the lateral condensation technique. The teeth were then incubated for 10 days, 1 month or 3 months in a heated water bath solution with dye to simulate conditions in the human oral cavity. Teeth were sectioned and examined under dissecting and scanning electron microscopes to assess dye penetration, seal and bonding. RESULTS: Resilon as the main obturation material consistently resulted in less microleakage than gutta-percha at all 3 time intervals. CONCLUSION: The R/E system provides a new material for root canal treatment. R/E creates a chemical bond with the internal tooth structure over the entire root area that is maintained over time, thus representing a better option than gutta-percha. Further studies on R/E will help validate its use and determine its long-term success rates in vivo. (+info)
Analysis of the sealing ability of different obturation techniques in oval-shaped canals: a study using a bacterial leakage model.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of 3 obturation techniques in oval canals using a bacterial leakage model. Seventy mandibular incisors with oval canals were selected after buccolingual and mesiodistal radiographs, and divided into three groups. After instrumentation, the canals were obturated respectively by lateral condensation (G1), warm vertical condensation (G2) and Thermafil (G3). Five root canals were not obturated and served as positive controls; five teeth with intact crowns served as negative controls. All teeth were mounted on a 2 chamber apparatus and then exposed to human saliva. The number of days required for the entire contamination of the root canals was recorded, observing the turbidity of the BHI broth, for a period of 100 days. 84.21% of the samples from the lateral condensation group (G1); 84.21% of the samples from the warm vertical condensation group (G2); and 89.47% of the samples from the Thermafil System group (G3) showed no contamination at the end of the study. No statistical significant difference was found among the three techniques. The quality of the apical seal in the three techniques tested was similar. (+info)
Endodontic management of taurodontic teeth.
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Taurodontism is a morpho-anatomical change in the shape of the tooth in which the body of the tooth is enlarged and the roots are reduced in size. Although taurodontism is a dental rarity, this unusual radicular form should merit circumspect considerations in planning and treatment. Endodontic management in taurodont teeth has been described as complex and difficult. The present paper describes the successful completion of endodontic treatment in three taurodontic teeth with appropriate use of instruments and techniques and also emphasizes the need for post endodontic rehabilitation. (+info)
Effectiveness of rotary and hand files in gutta-percha and sealer removal using chloroform or chlorhexidine gel.
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The purpose of this study was to assess in vitro the efficacy of nickel-titanium K3 rotary files and hand files for removal of gutta-percha and sealer from obturated root canals using either chloroform or chlorhexidine as solvents. Sixty extracted single-rooted bovine teeth with straight, large canals were prepared, obtured and randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=20). The teeth were stored at 37 degrees C for 1 month and then the gutta-percha and sealer were removed using different techniques, as follows. Group I: size 3 Gates-Glidden drills plus size 30 hand K-files and Hedstrom files and chloroform; Group II: K3 NiTi rotary files and chloroform; and Group III: K3 NiTi rotary files and 2% chlorhexidine gel. Radiographs were taken and scanned and the images were digitized. The total area of the canal and the area with remaining obturation material were measured in millimeters using a computed image analysis system (ImageLab). Data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test at 5% significance level. The groups differed statistically (p<0.05) with respect to the average percentage of remaining gutta-percha and sealer, presenting the following sequence of effectiveness (from most to least effective): Group I (15.48%), Group II (28.42%) and Group III (35.96%). The findings of this study showed that, despite the technique used for removal of filling material, none of the retreated canals were completely free of gutta-percha and sealer remnants. The use of stainless steel hand files resulted in a lesser amount of filling debris than the use of nickel-titanium rotary instruments. (+info)