A novel drug delivery system of oral curcumin markedly improves efficacy of treatment for heart failure after myocardial infarction in rats.
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Curcumin is an inhibitor of p300 histone acetyltransferase activity, which is associated with the deterioration of heart failure. We reported that native curcumin, at a dosage of 50 mg/kg, prevented deterioration of the systolic function in rat models of heart failure. To achieve more efficient oral pharmacological therapy against heart failure by curcumin, we have developed a novel drug delivery system (DDS) which markedly increases plasma curcumin levels. At the dosage of 0.5 mg/kg, DDS curcumin but not native curcumin restored left ventricular fractional shortening in post-myocardial infarction rats. Thus, our DDS strategy will be applicable to the clinical setting in humans. (+info)
Comparative efficacy of three brands of gum acacia on adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats.
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Gum acacia (GA) is used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries as an emulsifier and stabilizer, and in some countries in the traditional treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We have previously found that GA ameliorates adenine-induced chronic renal failure (CRF) in rats. Different brands of GA are commercially available, but their comparative efficacy against adenine-induced CKD is unknown. Here, we explored the effects of three different brands of GA (Sudanese GA, Supergum and GA from BDH) on some physiological, biochemical, and histological effects of adenine-induced CRF in rats. Adenine (0.75 %, w/w in feed, four weeks) reduced body weight, and increased urine output. It also induced significant increases in blood pressure, and in creatinine, urea, several inflammatory cytokines in plasma, and indices of oxidative stress, and caused histological damage in kidneys. Treatment of rats concomitantly with any of the three GA brands, significantly, and to a broadly similar extent, mitigated all the signs of CRF. The results suggested equivalent efficacy of these brands in antagonizing the CRF in this animal model. However, to enable standardization of different brands between laboratories, the use of the chemically well-characterized GA preparation (such as Supergum) is recommended. (+info)
Structural characterization and emulsifying properties of polysaccharides of Acacia mearnsii de Wild gum.
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Effects of Gum Arabic ingestion on body mass index and body fat percentage in healthy adult females: two-arm randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind trial.
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Characterization of an alpha-L-Rhamnosidase from Streptomyces avermitilis.
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The putative alpha-L-rhamnosidase gene from Streptomyces avermitilis was cloned and expressed. The recombinant enzyme released L-rhamnose from p-nitrophenyl alpha-L-rhamnoside, Citrus flavonoids such as naringin, rutin, and hesperidin, and gum arabic which is an arabinogalactan-protein. Calcium ions increased L-rhamnose production by the enzyme from gum arabic, whereas enzyme activity was not affected by any metal ions. (+info)
Effect of gum arabic on oxidative stress and inflammation in adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats.
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