Thermaerobacter marianensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic extremely thermophilic marine bacterium from the 11,000 m deep Mariana Trench. (41/3473)

A novel extremely thermophilic bacterium was isolated from the world's deepest sea-floor, the Mariana Trench Challenger Deep at a depth of 10,897 m. Cells were Gram-reaction variable, non-spore-forming and non-motile rods without flagella. Growth was observed between 50 and 80 degrees C (optimum: 74-76 degrees C; 90 min doubling time), pH 5.4 and 9.5 (optimum: pH 7.0-7.5) and 0.5 and 5% sea salts (optimum: 2% sea salts). The isolate was a strictly aerobic heterotroph capable of utilizing as sole energy and carbon source: yeast extract, peptone, cellulose, starch, chitin, casein, Casamino acids, a variety of sugars, carboxylic acids and amino acids. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 72.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences placed this aerobic, high-G + C-content bacterium among the members of the Gram-positive, low-G + C-content anaerobic thermophilic bacteria within the Bacillus-Clostridium subphylum. On the basis of the physiological and molecular properties of the new isolate, the name Thermaerobacter marianensis gen. nov., sp. nov. (type strain 7p75aT = JCM 10246T) is proposed.  (+info)

Roseivivax halodurans gen. nov., sp. nov. and Roseivivax halotolerans sp. nov., aerobic bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacteria isolated from a saline lake. (42/3473)

Phenotypic and phylogenetic studies were performed with two strains (OCh 239T and OCh 210T, T = type strain) of aerobic bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacteria isolated from the charophytes and the epiphytes on the stromatolites, respectively, of a saline lake located on the west coast of Australia. Both strains were chemoheterotrophic, Gram-negative and motile rods with subpolar flagella. Catalase and oxidase were produced. ONPG reaction was positive. Cells utilized D-glucose, acetate, butyrate, citrate, DL-lactate, DL-malate, pyruvate, succinate, L-aspartate and L-glutamate. Acids were produced from D-fructose and D-glucose. Bacteriochlorophyll a was synthesized under aerobic conditions. Strain OCh 239T had nitrate reductase and phosphatase. Acids were produced from L-arabinose, D-galactose, lactose, maltose, D-ribose and sucrose. The strain could grow in 0-20.0% (w/v) NaCl. Strain OCh 210T had urease. Hydrolysis of gelatin was positive. Acids were produced from D-xylose. The strain could grow in 0.5-20.0% (w/v) NaCl. The results of 16S rRNA sequence comparisons revealed that strains OCh 239T and OCh 210T formed a new cluster within the alpha-3 group of the alpha subclass of the class Proteobacteria. The similarity value of the 16S rRNA sequences between strains OCh 239T and OCh 210T was 95.8%. Therefore, it was concluded that these two strains should be placed in a new genus, Roseivivax gen. nov., as the new species Roseivivax halodurans sp. nov. and Roseivivax halotolerans sp. nov. The type species of the genus is Roseivivax halodurans. The type strains of Roseivivax halodurans and Roseivivax halotolerans are OCh 239T (= JCM 10272T) and OCh 210T (= JCM 10271T), respectively.  (+info)

Facklamia sourekii sp. nov., isolated from human sources. (43/3473)

Two strains of a Gram-positive catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus originating from human sources were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. The strains were found to be identical to each other based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and constitute a new subline within the genus Facklamia. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from Facklamis hominis and Facklamia ignava by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as Facklamia sourekii sp. nov., the type strain of which is CCUG 28783AT.  (+info)

Isolation and characterization of Desulfovibrio burkinensis sp. nov. from an African ricefield, and phylogeny of Desulfovibrio alcoholivorans. (44/3473)

A sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain HDvT (T = type strain), was isolated from an anoxic ricefield soil. Cells were Gram-negative, non-sporulating curved rods motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Cytochrome c3 and desulfoviridin were present. In the presence of sulfate, glycerol, 1,2- and 1,3-propanediol, dihydroxyacetone, pyruvate, lactate, fumarate, maleate, malate and succinate were incompletely oxidized mainly to acetate. Sulfite, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, fumarate, maleate and malate were utilized as alternative electron acceptors. In the absence of added electron acceptors, pyruvate, fumarate, maleate, malate and dihydroxyacetone were fermented. The DNA base composition was 67 mol% G + C. The phylogenetic, phenotypic and physiological characteristics of strain HDvT indicate that it is a new species of the genus Desulfovibrio, for which the name Desulfovibrio burkinensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is HDvT (= DSM 6830T). Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that Desulfovibrio alcoholivorans was a distinct species supporting the previously published phenotypic data.  (+info)

A re-evaluation of the taxonomy of Paracoccus denitrificans and a proposal for the combination Paracoccus pantotrophus comb. nov. (45/3473)

Comparison of both 16S rRNA coding sequences and DNA-DNA hybridization of ten strains of alpha-subclass of Proteobacteria currently classified as strains of Paracoccus denitrificans has shown that they fall into two groups which are distinct from each other at the species level. Comparison with published data on the cytochrome c profiles and other 16S rRNA coding sequences in the literature has confirmed these observations and enabled several other strains also to be assigned to these two groups. Group A comprises strains ATCC 17741T (the type strain of P. denitrificans), LMD 22.21T, DSM 413T, ATCC 19367, ATCC 13543, DSM 1404, DSM 1405, Pd 1222 (a genetic modification of DSM 413T) and NCIMB 8944. Group B comprises ATCC 35512T (the original type strain of Thiosphaera pantotropha), LMD 82.5T, LMD 92.63, DSM 65, LMG 4218, IAM 12479, JCM 6892, DSM 11072, DSM 11073 and DSM 11104. In light of these findings, it is proposed that: (1) strains of group A are retained as P. denitrificans, with ATCC 17741T as the type strain of the type species; and (2) all strains of group B are assigned to the new species combination Paracoccus pantotrophus comb. nov., with strain ATCC 35512T as the type strain. Comparative 16S rRNA sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization of strains of Paracoccus versutus confirm that this species is distinct from both P. denitrificans and P. pantotrophus, but that its nearest phylogenetic neighbour is P. pantotrophus.  (+info)

Assignment of Centers for Disease Control group IVc-2 to the genus Ralstonia as Ralstonia paucula sp. nov. (46/3473)

An integrated genotypic and phenotypic analysis of 12 Centers for Disease Control (CDC) group IVc-2 strains revealed that this taxon represents a novel species belonging to the genus Ralstonia. Comparative 16S rDNA sequence analysis allocated a representative CDC group IVc-2 strain to the Ralstonia branch of the beta subclass of the Proteobacteria. DNA-DNA hybridizations did not detect significant binding levels towards any presently known Ralstonia species, including Ralstonia pickettii. Its DNA base ratio is between 65 and 67 mol%. The name Ralstonia paucula sp. nov. is proposed, with strain LMG 3244 (= CDC E6793), isolated from a human respiratory tract, as the type strain. R. paucula can be differentiated from other Ralstonia species by whole-cell protein analysis, amplified rDNA restriction analysis and a variety of classical biochemical tests. Strains have been isolated from various human clinical and environmental sources.  (+info)

Nocardioides nitrophenolicus sp. nov., a p-nitrophenol-degrading bacterium. (47/3473)

A p-nitrophenol-degrading bacterial strain was isolated from industrial wastewater. This strain (NSP41T) was identified as a member of the genus Nocardioides from chemotaxonomic characterizations and phylogenetic inference based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The G + C content is 71.4 mol%. The diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan is LL-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant menaquinone is MK-8(H4). The cellular fatty acid profile is similar to those of Nocardioides species. 16S rDNA sequence analysis show that strain NSP41T is the most related to Nocardioides simplex strains with a level of nucleotide similarity of 98.6%. The levels of 16S rDNA similarity between strain NSP41T and other Nocardioides species ranged from 93.8 to 95.1%. This organism is distinguishable from some other Nocardioides species as well as N. simplex strains by DNA-DNA relatedness data. This organism is different from N. simplex strains in some phenotypic characteristics. Therefore, on the basis of the data presented, a new species of the genus Nocardioides, Nocardioides nitrophenolicus, is proposed. The type strain of the new species is strain NSP41T (= KCTC 0457BPT).  (+info)

Williamsia muralis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the indoor environment of a children's day care centre. (48/3473)

The taxonomic status of an actinomycete (MA 140/96T) isolated from indoor building materials of a children's day care centre was studied using the polyphasic approach. The cell morphology was atypical for an actinomycete, electron microscopy revealed a hairy surface, highly unusual for Gram-positive bacteria. The organisms grew at 10-37 degrees C, no growth was visible at 5 degrees C and 45 degrees C in 5 d. The cell wall contained the diamino acid meso-diaminopimelic acid and the sugars arabinose, galactose, mannose and ribose. The phospholipids phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol were detected. The only menaquinone found was MK-9(H2). The fatty acid pattern was composed of palmitic acid (23.6%) palmitoleic acid (16.5%) and another hexadecenoic acid 16:1cis11 (1.4%), oleic acid (29.9%), stearic acid (2.9%) and the 10-methyl-branched tuberculostearic acid (23.3%). A gas-chromatographic analysis of the mycolic acid revealed a carbon-chain length of C50-C56. The G + C was 64.8 mol%. The results of 16S rDNA sequence comparisons revealed that strain MA 140/96T represents a new lineage in the suborder Corynebacterineae of the order Actinomycetales. Therefore, it was concluded that strain MA 140/96T should be assigned to a new genus and species, for which the name Williamsia muralis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the species is MA 140/96T (= DSM 44343T).  (+info)