Factors considered by new faculty in their decision to choose careers in academic dentistry.
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To determine the characteristics of new dental faculty and what factors influenced them to choose academic careers, a survey was sent to deans at all U.S. dental schools to be distributed to faculty with length of service of four years or less. Responses were received from 240 individuals. About half of the respondents had been in private practice for an average of eight years, and 20 percent had military experience averaging almost sixteen years. A majority had postgraduate training and 60 percent had specialty training. Nearly 32 percent of new faculty were female and 80 percent were U.S. citizens. Analyses of responses to survey items indicated that correlated factors in the survey fell into the following empirical categories: teaching and scholarship, income and indebtedness, research, work schedule, influence of mentors and role models, and long-term aspirations. In general, the respondents identified factors relating to teaching and scholarship to be the most important influences on their choice of academic careers, while concerns about income and indebtedness were the most important negative considerations in this regard. Other positive factors identified by the survey related to the influence of mentors and role models, long-term aspirations, and research. Age, private practice experience, and military experience were found to particularly influence the new faculty members' responses to items concerning income and indebtedness, and citizenship influenced responses to factors relating to research. The data from this select group of dentists support the current view that inequities in income of dental faculty compared to private practitioners and student debt are important concerns in choosing academic careers. Importantly, the desire to teach and participate in scholarly activities are important attractions in academic careers. Mentoring activities and creation of opportunities for career development are crucial factors in developing interest in academics among graduate dentists. (+info)
Factors influencing pursuit and satisfaction of academic dentistry careers: perceptions of new dental educators.
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New dental educators (n = 280) with zero to five years full-time teaching experience were surveyed to ascertain their perceptions regarding salary, work environment, and workload to determine the impact of these factors on faculty recruitment and retention. Work environment was the most frequently reported factor for considering and maintaining an academic dentistry position. Educational resources, facilities, salary, and benefits were ranked as moderately important for considering an academic position. Mentoring, startup funds for research, and external private practice opportunities were also reported as moderately important for maintaining a position. Other factors of concern to new faculty included quality of administration and leadership, reputation of program, professional development opportunities, faculty autonomy, and reasonable criteria for tenure and promotion. These findings suggest that resources, strategies, and formal mentoring programs that provide direction and guidance in the areas of teaching, promotion, and tenure for new educators should be considered for implementation in our dental schools. (+info)
Evidence-based dentistry: Part V. Critical appraisal of the dental literature: papers about therapy.
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Evidence-based dentistry involves defining a question focused on a patient-related problem and searching for reliable evidence to provide an answer. Once potential evidence has been found, it is necessary to determine whether the information is credible and whether it is useful in your practice by using the techniques of critical appraisal. In this paper, the fifth in a 6-part series on evidence-based dentistry, a framework is described which provides a series of questions to help the reader assess both the validity and applicability of an article related to questions of therapy or prevention. (+info)
Methods of stopping or reversing early carious lesions fluoride: a European perspective.
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The purpose of this review was to discuss the findings of the systematic review of the management of the early carious lesion with fluoride from a European perspective. The review was checked, and the overall finding that the evidence was incomplete was confirmed. It was suggested that the reason that few data were available was that clinical trials had not been designed to answer this question and that the baseline of healthy teeth and surfaces with very early lesions were rarely quantified. The European perspective would want to identify a clinical method that could manage these lesions better than the home use of fluoride toothpaste. Future research was recommended in the form of several systematic reviews and re-analysis of existing data. Only then could further studies be recommended. In modern European dentistry, restoring these lesions is not an option. (+info)
Evidence-based Dentistry: Part VI. Critical Appraisal of the Dental Literature: Papers About Diagnosis, Etiology and Prognosis.
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Critical appraisal methods assist the reader in assessing the validity (closeness to the truth) and the relevance (usefulness in everyday practice) of research findings. The specific techniques of critical appraisal can vary somewhat, depending on the nature of the research question. In this paper, the final in a 6-part series on evidence-based dentistry, frameworks are presented to enable the judicious reader of the dental literature to apply sensible questions to the evaluation of papers related to diagnosis, etiology and prognosis. (+info)
Quality of reporting randomised clinical trials in dental and medical research.
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OBJECTIVE: To assess 1) the quality of reporting randomised clinical trials in dental (RCT-Ds) and medical research (RCT-Ms), 2) the quality of RCT reports in relation to the journal impact factor, 3) the source of funding, and 4) the quality of RCT-Ds in different areas of dental research. DESIGN RANDOM: samples of 100 RCT-Ds and 100 RCT-Ms published in 1999 were evaluated for quality of reporting under blinded conditions with the Jadad quality assessment scale. In addition, correlation between the quality scores and journal impact factor or source of funding, as well as area of dental research were analysed. RESULTS: The quality of RCT-Ds and RCT-Ms published in 1999 was generally inadequate. The quality was largely equivalent in RCT-Ds and RCT-Ms. There was no correlation between the quality scores and the journal impact factor or the source of funding. Some differences were found in the quality scores between different areas of dental research. CONCLUSIONS: The results from these RCT-Ds and RCT-Ms show that most of them were imperfect in the reporting of methodology and trial conduct. There is a clear need to improve the quality of trial reporting in dental and medical research. (+info)
Medline search validity for randomised controlled trials in different areas of dental research.
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the validity of Medline searches for randomised controlled trials in dental research (RCT-Ds), using the medical subject headings (MeSH-terms). DESIGN: The Medline database was searched for randomised controlled trials in dental research (RCT-Ds) published in 1999 and with MeSH-terms corresponding to different areas of dental research. All RCT-Ds were manually examined for relevance to the different areas of dental research and cross-tabulated against the Medline search results. The sensitivity, specificity, positive (precision) and negative predictive values, as well as the accuracy of the search results were calculated. RESULTS: The highest validity in the Medline searches for RCT-Ds was seen for endodontics, followed by orthodontics, whereas the lowest validity was seen for pediatric dentistry and public health dentistry. For pediatric dentistry the MeSH-term searches had too low a sensitivity for adequate location of RCT-Ds. CONCLUSIONS: MeSH-term searches on Medline are a useful tool for rapid location of RCT-Ds in most areas of dental research. However, there is a vast variation in the search validity. More refined search strategies are required to locate RCT-Ds in areas of dental research with low search validity. (+info)
Major long-term factors influencing dental education in the twenty-first century.
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With evolutionary advances in oral science over the long term, clinical reliance on chemotherapeutics, bacterial replacement therapy, and immunization will necessitate a broader background in medicine. The dramatic increase in the old age population will also require a much stronger medical background. By 2050, those over fifty-five years of age will represent 56 percent of the population, and 25 percent of these will be sixty-five years of age and older. The merging of dental and medical education is predicted to occur within the twenty-first century. Other topics addressed include research activities, with recommended strategies to enhance the integration of scientific and clinical dental approaches; the problem of dental faculty isolation; and the implications of financial constraint and accountability. (+info)