Polymorphonuclear leukocyte phagocytosis of Capnocytophaga ochracea in three-dimensional plasma clots.
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We have studied the ability of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) to phagocytose Capnocytophaga ochracea in three-dimensional fibrin meshworks. Phagocytosis was assessed in three systems: (1) the PMN and bacteria were mixed together with plasma and clotted; 60 +/- 13% phagocytosis occurred after 60 min; (2) PMN were overlaid on clots containing bacteria; the PMN migrated into the clot and after 60 min 52 +/- 7% phagocytosis was seen; (3) PMN had to migrate from within one clot into a second containing bacteria; phagocytosis after 60 min was 54 +/- 3%. In the clots, PMN released lysozyme but this was not significantly enhanced by phagocytosis. These findings indicate that PMN are capable of phagocytosing in each of the three-dimensional systems tested and that they are capable of both migration into and subsequent phagocytosis in a model that more closely mimics the in vivo structure in which PMN would normally perform. (+info)
Capnocytophaga lung abscess in a patient with metastatic neuroendocrine tumor.
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Novel beta-lactamase from Capnocytophaga sp.
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A novel beta-lactamase activity which confers resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and penicillins has been found in strain IC 5/21 of Capnocytophaga spp. Enzyme activity migrated at a molecular size of 38,000 daltons and at an isoelectric point of 3.6, with a minor band at 4.1. Kinetic studies suggested that it belonged to Richmond and Sykes beta-lactamase class 1c. Isoelectric focusing could be achieved only if a nonionic detergent was added to the gel, suggesting the presence of a hydrophobic enzyme akin to a membrane-bound beta-lactamase of gram-positive bacteria. The location of the gene coding for this beta-lactamase is not yet known. (+info)
Two dog-related infections leading to death: overwhelming Capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis in a patient with cystic echinococcosis.
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Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a fastidious, capnophilic, fusiform, and filamentous gram-negative rod. It is part of the normal oral flora of dogs and cats and can cause an infection in humans, but is of generally low virulence in healthy individuals. A case of fatal sepsis due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus in a 46-year-old woman with clinically silent cystic echinococcosis discovered postmortem is present. She had been bitten by a dog 3 days before the symptoms appeared. The family had owned the dog for 4 years. A preliminary diagnosis of septic shock of unknown etiology with multisystem organ failure was established. Despite all the efforts, the patient died on the seventh day of hospitalization. Laboratory findings received postmortem showed Capnocytophaga canimorsus isolated from the blood culture after 7 incubation days. Autopsy showed a cyst in the liver with a fibrotic wall and necrotic eosinophilic interiors containing fragments of Echinococcus granulosus scolices. In conclusion, an interaction possibly established long ago between the host and Echinococcus granulosus conditioned immunosuppression mechanisms developed by the parasite in this case, which can explain such an aggressive course of the infection with Capnocytophaga. Two dog-related infections were fatal in the middle-aged dog owner considered healthy before this hospitalization. Vigilance concerning recent exposure to dogs or cats and potential immunosuppression risk factors must be maintained in a patient presenting with clinical features of fulminant sepsis. (+info)
The lipopolysaccharide from Capnocytophaga canimorsus reveals an unexpected role of the core-oligosaccharide in MD-2 binding.
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