Rapid biotransformation of arsenate into oxo-arsenosugars by a freshwater unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
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We examined the short-term metabolic processes of arsenate for 24 h in a freshwater unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii wild-type strain CC-125. The arsenic species in the algal extracts were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after water extraction using a sonicator. Speciation analyses of arsenic showed that the levels of arsenite, arsenate, and methylarsonic acid in the cells rapidly increased for 30 min to 1 h, and those of dimethylarsinic acid and oxo-arsenosugar-glycerol also tended to increase continuously for 24 h, while that of oxo-arsenosugar-phosphate was quite low and fluctuated throughout the experiment. These results indicate that this alga can rapidly biotransform arsenate into oxo-arsenosugar-glycerol for at least 10 min and then oxo-arsenosugar-phosphate through both reduction of incorporated arsenate to arsenite and methylation of arsenite and/or arsenate retained in the cells to dimethylarsinic acid via methylarsonic acid as an possible intermediate. (+info)
Multiscale assessment of methylarsenic reactivity in soil. 2. Distribution and speciation in soil.
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Sequential injection analysis implementing multiple standard additions for As speciation by liquid chromatography and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (SIA-HPLC-AFS).
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Exposure to arsenic in drinking water is associated with increased prevalence of diabetes: a cross-sectional study in the Zimapan and Lagunera regions in Mexico.
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