In vitro activities of antimicrobials against Brucella abortus isolates from cattle in Korea during 1998-2006.
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In vitro activities of 13 antibiotics were assessed against 85 Brucella abortus isolates from naturally infected cattle in the Republic of Korea during 1998-2006, using broth microdilution test. Tetracyclines showed the most excellent activity against B. abortus, displaying MIC values of 0.5 mug/ml or below. In particular, minocycline showed the lowest MIC(5)(0)/(9)(0) values (0.125/0.125 mug/ml) in this study. Among four fluoroquinolones tested, ciprofloxacin (MIC(5)(0)/(9)(0), 0.5/1 mug/ml) and norfloxacin (MIC(5)(0)/(9)(0), 8/8 mug/ml) had the most and the least activities, respectively. Gentamicin (MIC(5)(0)/(9)(0), 1/1 mug/ml) was more effective than streptomycin, erythromycin, rifampin, and chloramphenicol (MIC(5)(0)/(9)(0), 2/2 mug/ml). (+info)
Epidemiology of bovine brucellosis by a combination of rose bengal test and indirect ELISA in the five districts of Uganda.
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A serological survey on bovine brucellosis was carried out 3 times between 2007 and 2009 in 3 districts (Kiboga, Mpigi and Kiruhura) in western Uganda and 2 (Kumi and Mbale) in the east employing the rose bengal test (RBT) for infected-herd screening and an indirect ELISA (iELISA) for testing the serostatus of individual animals. The animal prevalence was significantly higher in the 3 districts of the west (mean 21.5% in 2009) compared with the 2 districts (mean 3.4% in 2008) in the east (P<0.0001), though a significant difference was not observed between Kumi and Mpigi in 2008. In the west, it was the lowest in Mpigi, but a significant increase was observed between 2008 (5.3%) and 2009 (30.0%), as in Kiruhura, in which the prevalence increased from 8.1% in 2007 to 16.8% in 2009. A similar trend was also observed in Kumi, namely, the seropositivity significantly increased from 2.3% in 2007 to 6.2% in 2008 and became remarkably higher than in Mbale (0.64%). As a result, the farm prevalence was also higher in the west, especially in Kiboga in 2007 (77.8%) and 2008 (65.6%), and Mpigi in 2009 (70.8%). The linear predictor of the fitted generalized linear model proved that the logit of RBT positivity increased linearly over the increase in percent positivity values. This study demonstrated an example of an unaided self-help survey as one of the control measures in Uganda. (+info)
Re-emergence of brucellosis in cattle in France and risk for human health.
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A case of human brucellosis was diagnosed in France in January 2012. The investigation demonstrated that the case had been contaminated by raw milk cheese from a neighbouring dairy farm. As France has been officially free of bovine brucellosis since 2005, veterinary investigations are being conducted to determine the origin of the infection and avoid its spread among other herds. Hypotheses about the source of this infection are discussed. (+info)
A large seroprevalence survey of brucellosis in cattle herds under diverse production systems in northern Nigeria.
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Protective effects of recombinant Brucella abortus Omp28 against infection with a virulent strain of Brucella abortus 544 in mice.
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The outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of Brucella (B.) abortus have been extensively studied, but their immunogenicity and protective ability against B. abortus infection are still unclear. In the present study, B. abortus Omp28, a group 3 antigen, was amplified by PCR and cloned into a maltose fusion protein expression system. Recombinant Omp28 (rOmp28) was expressed in Escherichia coli and was then purified. Immunogenicity of rOmp28 was confirmed by Western blot analysis with Brucella-positive mouse serum. Furthermore, humoral- or cell-mediated immune responses measured by the production of IgG1 or IgG2a in rOmp28-immunized mice and the ability of rOmp28 immunization to protect against B. abortus infection were evaluated in a mouse model. In the immunogenicity analysis, the mean titers of IgG1 and IgG2a produced by rOmp28-immunized mice were 20-fold higher than those of PBS-treated mice throughout the entire experimental period. Furthermore, spleen proliferation and bacterial burden in the spleen of rOmp28-immunized mice were approximately 1.5-fold lower than those of PBS-treated mice when challenged with virulent B. abortus. These findings suggest that rOmp28 from B. abortus is a good candidate for manufacturing an effective subunit vaccine against B. abortus infection in animals. (+info)
Complete genome sequence of Brucella melitensis biovar 3 strain NI, isolated from an aborted bovine fetus.
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Epidemiological and clinical aspects of human brucellosis in eastern Anatolia.
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BACKGROUND: We investigated the seroprevalence of human brucellosis and risk factors in a village in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey, where a brucellosis outbreak among cattle had recently occurred. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All 501 inhabitants enrolled were screened with the Rose Bengal Test and were asked to fill out a questionnaire to determine the signs and symptoms of brucellosis and the risk factors. Patients' laboratory findings and clinical responses were also evaluated. RESULTS: The Rose Bengal Test was positive in 44 persons. In comparison of age groups, fever (20.2%), arthralgia (19.2%) and weight loss (8.4%) were frequently seen in children (p<0.05). Hepatomegaly (17.9%) was also prevalent in the age group of 0 to 14 years (p<0.05). The consumption of dairy products, a family history of brucellosis, and raising livestock were significantly related to seropositivity (p<0.05). Rifampicin plus doxycyline was the most common regimen administered in these cases (54.5%) and also had the highest relapse rate (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Brucellosis remains an important public-health problem in the rural areas of Turkey. Appropriate public health measures and education must be pursued to eradicate human brucellosis. (+info)