Burning water: a comparative analysis of the energy return on water invested.
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While various energy-producing technologies have been analyzed to assess the amount of energy returned per unit of energy invested, this type of comprehensive and comparative approach has rarely been applied to other potentially limiting inputs such as water, land, and time. We assess the connection between water and energy production and conduct a comparative analysis for estimating the energy return on water invested (EROWI) for several renewable and non-renewable energy technologies using various Life Cycle Analyses. Our results suggest that the most water-efficient, fossil-based technologies have an EROWI one to two orders of magnitude greater than the most water-efficient biomass technologies, implying that the development of biomass energy technologies in scale sufficient to be a significant source of energy may produce or exacerbate water shortages around the globe and be limited by the availability of fresh water. (+info)
Engineered respiro-fermentative metabolism for the production of biofuels and biochemicals from fatty acid-rich feedstocks.
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Factors affecting electric output from rice-paddy microbial fuel cells.
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Rice-paddy microbial fuel cells generate electricity from organic matter that is photosynthesized by rice plants and exudated from the roots. We examined factors that might affect cell performance, and found that cathode modification with platinum catalysts, anode position, and external load largely affected the power output. (+info)
Bioenergy research: a new paradigm in multidisciplinary research.
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