Three-dimensional imaging of the atrial septum and patent foramen ovale anatomy: defining the morphological phenotypes of patent foramen ovale.
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Giant interatrial septal aneurysms mimicking quistic masses. Two cases with different therapeutic options.
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With the recent technical improvement in echocardiography imaging (second harmonics) the number of interatrial septum aneurysms (ASA) increased and are easily recognized. We assist to an overdiagnosing number of cases and diagnostic criteria emerged to face this problem. In the great majority of the cases ASA are small and inoffensive, but as ASA is considered a risk factor for cardioembolism when associated with persistence of foramen oval (PFO), an examination by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for exclusion of PFO makes the sense and is a common testing in patients with cryptogenic stroke. Besides these frequent ASA, other forms exist; the authors describe two cases of uncommon and huge ASA, one mimicking a right atrial tumor and the other a quistic, hipoechoic mass. The first case was associated with mitral stenosis and was submitted to surgery and the second was closed with an Amplatzer occluder device usually used in atrial septal defect (ASD). (+info)
The incidence and long-term clinical outcome of iatrogenic atrial septal defects secondary to transseptal catheterization with a 12F transseptal sheath.
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Hypoplastic left heart syndrome with restrictive atrial septum and advanced heart block documented with a novel fetal electrocardiographic monitor.
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Percutaneous treatment of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum: pulmonary valve perforation using radiofrequency energy and arterial duct stenting.
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Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PA/IVS) is a rare congenital heart disease with a poor prognosis. It displays great anatomical diversity with varying degrees of right ventricular (RV) hypoplasia, which determine the therapeutic approach. Ideally, the goal is to establish a biventricular circulation. This may be achieved through surgical or percutaneous techniques. Pulmonary valve perforation using radiofrequency energy is indicated in patients with membranous atresia, moderate RV hypoplasia (bipartite or tripartite) and non-RV dependent coronary circulation. Arterial duct stenting is occasionally necessary to ensure adequate pulmonary flow. It is thus possible to treat some patients using exclusively percutaneous techniques. We report the first known case in Portugal of a neonate with PA/IVS treated by radiofrequency perforation and subsequent stenting of the arterial duct. (+info)
Changes in low right atrial conduction times during pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation: correlation with inducibility of typical right atrial flutter.
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