A sella turcica bridge in subjects with dental anomalies.
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Calcification of the interclinoid ligament (ICL) of the sella turcica, or sella turcica bridging, has been associated with severe craniofacial deviations. Despite no comprehensive study on the sella turcica bridge, a relationship with tooth and eruption disturbances has been reported. In order to investigate whether congenital absence of the second mandibular premolar, or the presence of a palatally displaced canine (PDC), is associated with sella bridging, a retrospective study was performed. Lateral cephalometric radiographs from 20 males and 14 females, aged between 8 and 16 years, with a PDC and second mandibular premolar aplasia were reviewed and compared with a control group. A standardized scoring scale was established to quantify the extent of a sella turcica bridge from each radiograph (no calcification, partially calcified, and completely calcified). The prevalence of complete calcification of the ICL in adolescents with dental anomalies was equal to 17.6 per cent, while an incidence 9.9 per cent was found in the control group. A partially calcified sella turcica was observed in 58.8 per cent of adolescents with dental anomalies compared with 33.7 per cent in the control group. The association between the degree of calcification of the ICL and the presence of dental anomalies in the studied adolescents was statistically significant according to chi-square statistics (P = 0.004). This was confirmed by Fisher's exact test (P = 0.003). According to these findings, the prevalence of a sella turcica bridge in adolescents with dental anomalies is increased, while age and gender do not greatly influence ossification of the ICL. The very early appearance during development of a sella turcica bridge should alert clinicians to possible tooth anomalies in life later. (+info)
The clinical features and aetiological basis of primary eruption failure.
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Primary failure of eruption (PFE) is a poorly understood condition associated with tooth eruption failure. This investigation systematically reviews the literature, evaluates clinical features and associations with PFE, and describes five further cases. Publications were selected and identified as describing PFE when there was no identifiable aetiological factor contributing to eruption failure and no evidence of successful orthodontic extrusion of the affected tooth or teeth. A data abstraction form recorded the following additional information; subject age, gender, general health status, and teeth present. Eighteen publications were sourced that detailed at least one case of PFE in a manner conforming to the selection criteria; these papers included a total of 35 individual cases, to which five previously unreported subjects were added. Within the whole sample of 40 cases, a total of 24 (60 per cent) were females and 16 (40 per cent) males. First and second molar teeth were most commonly affected; incisors, canines, and premolars were also involved, but with a reduced individual frequency. There was no significant difference in incidence between the maxilla and mandible, or between left and right sides. A family history of eruption failure was found in almost 50 per cent of the sample, with eruption failure or ankylosis affecting at least one primary tooth, also a common finding. Within the 40 cases, hypodontia was present at levels higher than population norms. PFE appears to be a condition that predominantly affects the molar dentition. The increased frequency of hypodontia in affected individuals and common findings of a family history regarding tooth eruption problems suggests a significant genetic component to the aetiology of this rare condition. (+info)
Multidisplinary management of hypodontia in adolescents: case report.
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The purpose of this article is to describe a team approach to treatment of hypodontia in adolescent dentition. A case report of hypodontia with a microdontic lateral incisor in a Class I malocclusion illustrates the principles of case management. Multidisciplinary consultation during treatment planning and coordination and appropriate timing of subsequent interdisciplinary dental care enables the clinician to provide the optimum care. The scope of orthodontic and restorative management depends on the severity of the hypodontia. (+info)
Qualitative effects of dioxin on molars vary among inbred mouse strains.
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OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effects of different levels of the potent environmental toxicant and teratogen, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), on molar development in mice in six inbred strains, all with TCDD responsive Ahr alleles. DESIGN: Pregnant females were exposed on gestation day 13 to 4 different levels of TCDD (control, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 microg/kg) and their offspring were examined for the frequency of missing third molars (M3s) and for differences in first mandibular molar (M1) cuspal morphology. RESULTS: Missing M3s were prevalent only in mice in two strains, C3H/HeJ and CBA/J, and their frequency significantly increased with increasing TCDD exposure. The frequency of the M1 variant was high in mice in only one strain, C57BL/10J, and was significantly higher in the treated compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Inbred mice strains exhibited differential responses to TCDD suggesting that there is a genetic component, beyond Ahr differences, mediating the effects of TCDD on molar development. (+info)
Peripheral and central hypomyelination with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and hypodontia.
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We identified four unrelated patients (three female, one male) aged 20 to 30 years with hypomyelination, pituitary hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and hypodontia. Electron microscopy and myelin protein immunohistochemistry of sural nerves showed granular debris-lined clefts, expanded abaxonal space, outpocketing with vacuolar disruption, and loss of normal myelin periodicity. Reduced galactocerebroside, sphingomyelin, and GM1-N-acetylglucosamine and increased esterified cholesterol were found. This is a clinically homogeneous progressive hypomyelinating disorder. The term 4H syndrome is suggested. (+info)
Craniofacial identification by computer-mediated superimposition.
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Mass disasters are associated with a large number of fatalities, with victims being visually unidentifiable in most cases. Dental identification, although being an important and valuable identification method, is subject to the availability and quality of antemortem and postmortem dental records. This paper presents a simple-to-use method of human identification using an antemortem photograph showing anterior teeth with superimposition onto a postmortem image using specific features of Adobe Photoshop. We present cases and discuss the benefits and difficulties of this method. (+info)
Kabuki make-up (Niikawa-Kuroki) syndrome: dental and craniofacial findings in a Brazilian child.
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This article reports the case of a Brazilian child diagnosed with Kabuki make-up syndrome (KMS), addressing the clinical features observed, with emphasis on the disease-specific oral and craniofacial manifestations. The patient had the distinctive KMS craniofacial appearance, mild delayed mental development, fingers with prominent fingertip pads and visual deficit. The dental findings included fusion of the left mandibular incisors (central and lateral), gemination of the right mandibular central incisor and congenital agenesis of the right mandibular lateral incisor, in the primary dentition, as well as absence of both permanent mandibular lateral incisors. Fusion and gemination have not been previously referred to as typical dental features in KMS. The detection of unique dental findings, such as missing teeth and dental anomalies of form in the primary dentition by means of clinical and radiographic examinations, might consist of a helpful diagnosis parameter in identifying children who may have milder forms of Kabuki syndrome. (+info)
Dental findings in GAPO syndrome: case report.
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This article reports the case of a young female adult with GAPO syndrome who presented as a peculiar dental finding unerupted primary and permanent dentitions, which resembled total anodontia on clinical examination. A cephalometric analysis was performed to investigate the alterations in facial bone development. This is the 9th GAPO syndrome case reported in a Brazilian patient. (+info)