Although a strong literature on child maltreatment re-reporting exists, much of that literature stops at the first re-report. The literature on chronic re-reporting, meaning reports beyond the second report, is scant. The authors follow Loman's lead in focusing on reports beyond the first two to determine what factors predict these ''downstream'' report stages. Cross-sector, longitudinal administrative data are used. The authors analyze predictors at each of the first four recurrences (first to second report, second to third report, third to fourth report, and fourth to fifth report). Findings demonstrate that some factors (e.g., tract poverty) which predict initial recurrence lose their predictive value at later stages, whereas others (e.g., aid to families with dependent children history) remain predictive across stages. In-home child welfare services and mental health treatment emerged as consistent predictors of reduced recurrence. (+info)
Child and adult outcomes of chronic child maltreatment.
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This study presents a theoretical model of welfare reentry that examines the importance of private health insurance in determining whether working recipients terminated from Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) as a result of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act returned to welfare over a two-year period. Our empirical results suggest that the lack of private health insurance is a statistically significant and quantitatively important determinant of welfare reentry. Since the vast majority of the terminated families remained off welfare, however, these results suggest the difficulty of meeting the health needs of the employed uninsured. (+info)
Multiple program participation: comparison of nutrition and food assistance program benefits with food costs in Boston, Massachusetts.
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The values of government cash and food assistance benefits are compared to estimated food costs in Boston for households whose sole source of income is Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and who have housing in the private sector. Methods developed by the General Accounting Office (GAO) in 1978 are replicated. GAO found that the value of combined benefits can exceed the cost of the United States Department of Agriculture's Thrifty Food Plan. Key assumptions underlying GAO's methodology are challenged, and an alternate method is applied. The new results contradict GAO's conclusions and suggest that Boston food costs exceed the combined value of benefits that AFDC households may receive, although participation in multiple food assistance programs is more beneficial than receipt of benefits from single programs. The authors conclude that food stamps and AFDC benefits indexed to actual costs of living are needed to meet the food needs of low-income families in Boston. (+info)
The Medicaid program and consumer needs: a survey among residents of a poor Chicago neighborhood.
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A convenience sample of 200 inner-city residents were interviewed about their knowledge of benefits available under the Illinois Medicaid fee-for-service and prepaid programs; a second sample of 200 residents from the same community were interviewed about their health care information needs. All respondents were recruited from a Chicago neighborhood with one of the nation's highest rates of poverty, infant mortality, and births of low birth weight infants. The neighborhood also has been targeted as a demonstration site for an Illinois Department of Public Aid's prepaid Medicaid program. Responses to the first interview indicated that neighborhood residents did not understand the operational features of Medicaid prepaid plans or the programmatic mission of these plans, and they did not want to enroll in existing prepaid plans. As determined in the second interview, residents desired information on the scope of Medicaid services, ways to assess quality of health care received, and options for maintaining their freedom to choose hospitals and physicians or clinics. The survey findings are compared with what is known about the reasons middle class employed families enroll in and disenroll from prepaid plans and the position of poor families in a cost-conscious health care system. (+info)
Relationship of participation in food assistance programs to the nutritional quality of diets.
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This study describes the participation of 76 low-income families in six food assistance programs, and analyzes their diets using 24-hour recalls collected weekly during one month. Larger families participated in more food assistance programs than smaller families but did not have diets with higher nutrient content. Although 71 per cent of the families participated in more than the Food Stamp Program (FSP), many did not consume nutrients supposedly available with the FSP alone. (+info)
Health care under AHCCCS: an examination of Arizona's alternative to Medicaid.
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In late 1982, as an alternative to Medicaid, Arizona implemented a prepaid, competitively bid medical care program--the Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System (AHCCCS). Before its introduction, the poor had been cared for primarily by a network of county-supported centers. Impact of the AHCCCS initiative was examined by surveying comparable samples of poor persons in pre-AHCCCS 1982, and in 1984, after the program was in place. Both before and since AHCCCS, Arizona has had very restrictive eligibility requirements; to examine the program's impact on both eligible persons and the so-called "notch" group, the samples consist of individuals with family incomes within 200 percent of the program's financial criterion. Telephone surveys revealed that overall a lower proportion of the poor were enrolled in AHCCCS in 1984 than participated in county programs in 1982. However, access to care increased for AHCCCS enrollees in 1984, compared to county patients in 1982--and a greater proportion of 1984 AHCCCS enrollees than their 1982 counterparts in the county programs had at least one medical encounter in the 12 months preceding the surveys. For its enrolled population, then, AHCCCS may be a viable alternative to conventional Medicaid programs and to previous efforts at providing care at county sites. But the poor financially ineligible for AHCCCS are experiencing decreased opportunities for health services. The conclusions address the policy implications of the findings. (+info)