Simultaneous determination of three Aconitum alkaloids in six herbal medicines by high-performance liquid chromatography.
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To simultaneously determine three components of aconitine, mesaconitine, and hypaconitine in six species of Aconitum genus, an extraction condition for the total alkaloids was specifically optimized and a simple analytical method of reversed-phased highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed. The extraction rate of total alkaloids in A. szechenyianum Gay was 98.3% for repeated extracting three times with an acidic alcohol solution (alcohol: pH 3.0 HAc = 85:15, v/v). The chromatography was carried out on a Phenomenex Luna C(18) column by gradient elution with a mobile phase of 0.03 mol/mL ammonium bicarbonate (pH = 9.50) -acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The method for all three alkaloids had good linear relationships (r > 0.999) in the concentration range of 1.0-200.0 mug/mL. The average recoveries were 96.6-103.1%, and the LOQ and LOD were in the range of 25-37 ng/mL and 9-12 ng/mL, respectively. The quantitative results indicated that contents of the three alkaloids varied significantly among crude aconite roots, so quality control of traditional Chinese medicines containing aconite roots should be taken into account. (+info)
Identification of diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum kusnezoffii Reihcb.
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Cardioactive C(1)(9)-diterpenoid alkaloids from the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaeli "Fu Zi".
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Bioassay-guided fractionation of an n-BuOH extract of the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaeli. led to the isolation of 5 cardioactive C(19)-diterpenoid alkaloids: N-deethylaconine (1), beiwutinine (2), hypaconine (3), mesaconine (4), and 15alpha-hydroxyneoline (5). N-Deethylaconine and beiwutinine are new aconitine-type C(19)-diterpenoid alkaloids. Hypaconine was isolated from this species for the first time. Among them, mesaconine, hypaconine, and beiwutinine showed the strongest cardiac actions on the isolated perfused bullfrog heart. Furthermore, mesaconine has protective effects, including improved inotropic effect and left ventricular diastolic function, on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat at a dose of 10(-9) mol/L. However, mesaconine has almost no effect on heart rate. (+info)
Diterpenoid alkaloids from the Chinese traditional herbal "Fuzi" and their cytotoxic activity.
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Research on fuzi based on animal thermotropism behavior to discover if it has fewer "hot" characteristics without Ganjiang.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether fuzi (Radix Aconiti Praeparata) has fewer "hot" characteristics when administered without Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis). METHODS: Differences in the thermotropism behaviors of mice treated either with fuzi (Radix Aconiti Praeparata), Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis) or the combination of the two given intragastrically were investigated using the Animal Thermotropism Behavior Surveillance System. The water intake volume, oxygen consumption volume, adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity were determined during the investigation. RESULTS: When fuzi and ganjiang were administered together, the rate at which mice remained on a warm plate ("remaining rate") and the times and distances of their movement were all significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Compared with the Normal group, the reduction was 55.1%, 48.3% and 44.8%, while compared with the Fuzi group, the reduction was 57.6%, 34.3% and 36.0%, indicating that "cold" tropism was significantly increased. Compared with the normal and fuzi groups, the ATPase activity and the respiratory oxygen consumption volume of the fuzi + ganjiang group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), suggesting an improvement in energy metabolism and showing a "hot" characteristic when Fuzi and Ganjiang are present together. Additionally, the T-AOC and T-SOD activity were significantly enhanced (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The behavior of mice tending toward "cold" tropism can be regarded as a quantitative reflection of Fuzi having fewer characteristics consistent with a "hot" nature when not used with Ganjiang, the functional mechanism of which may be a change in the ATPase activity in liver tissue. (+info)