Investigation of contribution of individual constituents to antioxidant activity in herbal drugs using postcolumn HPLC method.
(10/31)
The most important attention is paid to the search of natural antioxidants and their evaluation in medicinal and food raw materials of plant origin. A number of plants, their extracts, food products, and medicinal preparations appear to be the objects of scientific research. Effectiveness and informative character of research, undoubtedly, depend on relevance, sensitivity, and efficiency of the methods chosen. The aim of this work was to develop and validate the postcolumn high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-DPPH method as well as its application in the evaluation of antioxidant activity of known and unknown compounds scavenging free radicals and existing in medicinal plant raw materials. HPLC-separated compounds were identified at the wavelength of 275 nm, and then the mobile phase with analytes flowed through a mixing tee to the reaction coil, where DPPH reagent solution was supplied. The solution flow rate was 0.4 mL/min. The reaction coil was connected with UV/VIS type detector, which measured absorption of flowing solution at the wavelength of 520 nm. It was determined that vitexin rhamnoside, the dominant compound in the leaves of Crataegus monogyna, was not a significant radical scavenger. The most active antioxidant in the leaves and flowers of Crataegus monogyna was chlorogenic acid. The most active antioxidant in Origanum vulgare raw material was rosmarinic acid. Identified analytes in the extracts of Achillea millefolium that possessed radical-scavenging properties were chlorogenic acid, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, rutin, and luteolin. (+info)
Allopolyploid speciation and ongoing backcrossing between diploid progenitor and tetraploid progeny lineages in the Achillea millefolium species complex: analyses of single-copy nuclear genes and genomic AFLP.
(11/31)
Achillea santolina reduces serum interleukin-6 level and hyperalgesia during complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammation in male Wistar rats.
(13/31)
OBJECTIVE: Immune system is involved in the etiology and pathophysiologic mechanisms of inflammation. Medicinal plants are an important source of substances which are claimed to induce non-specific immunomodulatory effects. In view of this and on account of the interleukin (IL)-6's role in inflammation and pain induction, this study investigated the effects of Achillea santolina extracts on inflammation which was induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in male Wistar rats. METHODS: Both methanolic and defatted extracts prepared from aerial parts of the plant were examined. Inflammatory symptoms such as hyperalgesia and paw edema in CFA-injected rats' paw were measured by radiant heat and plethysmometer during different stages of study respectively. Serum IL-6 level was checked by rat standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay specific kit. RESULTS: The results indicated dose-related effects of methanolic extract on paw edema, hyperalgesia and serum IL-6 level reduction in rats. Methanolic extract of A. santolina exhibited significant antihyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory effects during pretreatment and short-term treatment at dose of 200 mg/kg and there was no significant difference between 200 and 400 mg/kg doses of this extract. Defatted extract did not show significant effect on CFA-induced inflammation during different stages of treatment (P>0.05). Short-term treatment with methanolic extract at dose of 200 mg/kg was more effective than indomethacin in edema, hyperalgesia and serum IL-6 level reduction (P<0.01, P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that methanolic extract of A. santolina possesses potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities during pretreatment and short-term administration. (+info)
Polyploidy and ecological adaptation in wild yarrow.
(14/31)
Phenolic compounds from Achillea millefolium L. and their bioactivity.
(16/31)
Since antiquity, Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae) has been used in traditional medicine of several cultures, from Europe to Asia. Its richness in bioactive compounds contributes to a wide range of medicinal properties. In this study, we assessed A. millefolium methanolic extract and its isolated components for free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-pycrilhydrazyl, total antioxidant capacity (based on the reduction of Cu(++) to Cu(+)), and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation. The activity against chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum was also tested. Chlorogenic acid, its derivatives and some flavonoids isolated by semipreparative HPLC and identified by NMR and spectrometric techniques were the major bioactive constituents of the methanolic extract. The latter exhibited significant antioxidant properties, as well as its flavonol glycosides and chlorogenic acids. With regard to the antiplasmodial activity, apigenin 7-glucoside was the most effective compound, followed by luteolin 7-glucoside, whereas chlorogenic acids were completely inactive. On the whole, our results confirmed A. millefolium as an important source of bioactive metabolites, justifying its pharmaceutical and ethnobotanical use. (+info)