'Bicyclo compounds' in medicinal chemistry refer to organic molecules containing two fused rings, where each ring shares two common atoms, creating a topological structure that resembles two overlapping circles or bicycle tires.
Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic
A class of saturated compounds consisting of two rings only, having two or more atoms in common, containing at least one hetero atom, and that take the name of an open chain hydrocarbon containing the same total number of atoms. (From Riguady et al., Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, 1979, p31)
Octanes
Eight-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.
Imides
Imides are organic compounds characterized by the presence of a functional group with the structure R-C(=O)-N-R', where R and R' are organic radicals, often found in pharmaceuticals, dyes, and as intermediates in chemical synthesis.
Cyclization
Changing an open-chain hydrocarbon to a closed ring. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Indole Alkaloids
Group of alkaloids containing a benzylpyrrole group (derived from TRYPTOPHAN)
Molecular Structure
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.
Cycloaddition Reaction
Synthetic organic reactions that use reactions between unsaturated molecules to form cyclical products.
Stereoisomerism
The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists
Drugs that selectively bind to and activate ADENOSINE A3 RECEPTORS.
Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists
Compounds that selectively bind to and block the activation of ADENOSINE A3 RECEPTORS.
Prenylation
Attachment of isoprenoids (TERPENES) to other compounds, especially PROTEINS and FLAVONOIDS.
Methyl n-Butyl Ketone
An industrial solvent which causes nervous system degeneration. MBK is an acronym often used to refer to it.
Norbornanes
Norbornanes are a class of bicyclic organic compounds consisting of a hydrocarbon skeleton made up of two fused 5-membered rings, where five of the six ring carbons are bonded to hydrogens and one is bonded to two additional carbon atoms, forming a bridge between the rings.
Rhodium
Rhodium. A hard and rare metal of the platinum group, atomic number 45, atomic weight 102.905, symbol Rh. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Cyclooctanes
A group of compounds with an 8-carbon ring. They may be saturated or unsaturated.
Anti-Anxiety Agents
Agents that alleviate ANXIETY, tension, and ANXIETY DISORDERS, promote sedation, and have a calming effect without affecting clarity of consciousness or neurologic conditions. ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS are commonly used in the symptomatic treatment of anxiety but are not included here.
Receptor, Adenosine A3
A subtype of ADENOSINE RECEPTOR that is found expressed in a variety of locations including the BRAIN and endocrine tissues. The receptor is generally considered to be coupled to the GI, INHIBITORY G-PROTEIN which causes down regulation of CYCLIC AMP.
Ketones
'Ketones' are organic compounds with a specific structure, characterized by a carbonyl group (a carbon double-bonded to an oxygen atom) and two carbon atoms, formed as byproducts when the body breaks down fats for energy due to lack of glucose, often seen in diabetes and starvation states.
Nucleosides
Purine or pyrimidine bases attached to a ribose or deoxyribose. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Cyclopropanes
Cyclopropanes are a class of hydrocarbons characterized by a small ring structure containing three carbon atoms, each with single bonds to the other two carbons and to hydrogen atoms, making it highly strained and reactive, which has implications for its use as an anesthetic in medicine.
Hexanes
Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).
Spectrophotometry, Infrared
Spectrophotometry in the infrared region, usually for the purpose of chemical analysis through measurement of absorption spectra associated with rotational and vibrational energy levels of molecules. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Bornanes
Bornanes are a class of bicyclic organic compounds, specifically sesquiterpenes, that contain a bornane skeleton, consisting of a cyclohexane ring fused to a cyclopentane ring, and can be found in various essential oils and plants.
Molecular Conformation
The characteristic three-dimensional shape of a molecule.
Structure-Activity Relationship
The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.
Catalysis
The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction.
Models, Molecular
Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.
Sulfur Compounds
Inorganic or organic compounds that contain sulfur as an integral part of the molecule.