beta-Transducin Repeat-Containing Proteins
Beta-Transducin Repeat-Containing Proteins (β-TRCPs) are a group of E3 ubiquitin ligase proteins that play a crucial role in the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of specific target proteins involved in various cellular processes. These proteins contain beta-transducin repeats, which are structural motifs that facilitate their interaction with other proteins. β-TRCPs are best known for their involvement in the regulation of the cell cycle, DNA damage response, and signal transduction pathways. They play a critical role in targeting key regulatory proteins for degradation, thereby ensuring proper control of these processes and maintaining cellular homeostasis.
SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases
SCPH (Skp, Cullin, F-box containing) protein ligases are a family of E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes that play a crucial role in the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of specific cellular proteins. These complexes are composed of three core components: Skp (S-phase kinase associated protein), Cullin, and an F-box protein. The F-box protein serves as a substrate recognition component that binds to the protein to be ubiquitinated, leading to its targeted degradation by the 26S proteasome. SCPH ligases are involved in various cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation, signal transduction, and DNA damage response.
Betakatenin
Beta-catenin är ett protein som spelar en viktig roll i cellers signalsystem och regulering av celldelning. Det är en central komponent i Wnt-signalslingapaden, där det kontrollerar genuttryck relaterat till celldelning, cellyta och celldifferentiering. I associering med E-cadherin är betakatenin också involverat i cell-cell-kontakten och interaktioner mellan celler.
Transducin
Transducin är ett G-protein som spelar en viktig roll i den fototransduktiva signalvägen i retinalceller i ögat. När ljus absorberas av rodopsin i de yttre segmenten av tappceller aktiveras transducin, vilket orsakar en kaskad av händelser som slutligen leder till att jonkanaler blockeras och cellen depolariseras. Detta resulterar i en nervimpuls som skickas via optisk nerve till hjärnan för bearbetning och seende. Transducin är alltså ett viktigt steg i processen som omvandlar ljusenergi till elektriska signaler i ögat.